Question 1

Memory researchers like Herman Ebbinghaus and Frederick Bartlett contributed to the beginning of the ____________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The researchers mentioned in the question, Herman Ebbinghaus and Frederick Bartlett, were both studying how memory works and how it can be improved. This aligns with the cognitive perspective, which focuses on mental processes like memory, thinking, and perception. The other options listed (humanistic, psychoanalytic, and behaviourist) do not directly relate to the study of memory.

Question 2

_________ was in stark contrast to structuralism,suggesting that the whole is more important than the sum of individual parts.

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology emphasized the importance of perception and experience as a whole, rather than breaking down behavior into individual elements. Gestalt psychologists believed that the brain perceives patterns and wholes rather than just individual parts, and that understanding these patterns is critical to understanding behavior.

Question 3

Dr.Fernwood is interested in the differences in sensation and perception between individuals from remote tribes in Papua New Guinea and North Americans.Dr.Fernwood's research could be described as ____________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural psychology examines the similarities and differences in people's behavior across cultures. Dr. Fernwood's research involves comparing individuals from different cultures, therefore it falls under the category of cross-cultural psychology.

Question 4

Dr.Sandra Bem's research demonstrated that more men were in positions of power because

Accepted Answer

Dr. Sandra Bem's research showed that men held more positions of power due to widespread sexism, not because of any inherent qualities or genetic differences between men and women.

Question 5

The idea that humans behave differently when in the presence of others best describes the focus of

Accepted Answer

The idea that humans behave differently when in the presence of others falls under the domain of social psychology, which is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Cognitive psychology focuses on mental processes like thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making. Personality psychology explores the attributes and traits that make individuals unique. Humanistic psychology emphasizes the individual's subjective experience and focuses on growth and self-actualization.

Question 6

Professor Ashmore approaches questions about human behaviour from a perspective that emphasizes how people reason,remember,and understand language.It is most likely that she accepts the _____________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

Professor Ashmore's emphasis on reasoning, memory, and language understanding aligns with the cognitive perspective, which focuses on mental processes such as perception, thinking, and decision-making. The biological perspective would focus on the effects of genetics and neuroscience on behavior, the behavioral perspective would emphasize observable behaviors and rewards/punishments, and the sociocultural perspective would examine social and cultural influences on behavior. None of these perspectives fit with Professor Ashmore's emphasis on cognitive processes.

Question 7

At a recent lecture,the speaker with a background in ________ discussed self-acceptance and identifying the good in our lives.

Accepted Answer

The topic of self-acceptance and identifying the good in our lives aligns with the principles of positive psychology, which focuses on empowering individuals to live their best lives and cultivate positive emotions, relationships, and experiences.

Question 8

A central theme in social psychology is that

Accepted Answer

Social psychology emphasizes that behaviour is influenced by both the individual and the environment they are in. This perspective allows for the consideration of how social situations affect different people in unique ways based on their individual characteristics and experiences.

Question 9

Dr.Bardouille is a researcher in the field of _________.His primary focus is identifying the area of the brain that is involved with individual decision-making.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Bardouille's primary focus on identifying the area of the brain that is involved with individual decision-making indicates that he is a researcher in the field of cognitive neuroscience.

Question 10

Gestalt psychology served as a precursor for what is now known as

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology focused on perception and how individuals group and organize stimuli into meaningful wholes, which later laid the foundation for cognitive psychology.

Question 11

______________ psychologists are generally interested in how the behaviour of an individual is influenced by other people.

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists study how social interactions, group dynamics, and social influence affect individual behavior. They are concerned with how people perceive and relate to others, how they form and maintain relationships, and how they behave in groups or social situations.

Question 12

The origins of the cognitive perspective can be traced back to a handful of European psychologists who were studying

Accepted Answer

The cognitive perspective emerged from a group of European psychologists who were specifically focused on studying memory, attention, perception, and other mental processes. They were interested in understanding how the brain processed and interpreted information, and how this process influenced human behavior.

Question 13

Research in the field of the psychology of women focuses on

Accepted Answer

The psychology of women focuses on issues such as equality, women's health, and understanding female perspectives. It does not promote man hating or the superiority of one sex over the other. It also does not primarily focus on the history of psychology, although understanding historical context may be important in understanding the development of certain ideas or theories related to the psychology of women.

Question 14

Research that occurs in the "real world," such as in schools or the military,is often conducted with the intention of changing current practice,laws,and approaches.This type of psychology is known as _________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Applied psychology is focused on using psychological principles to solve practical problems, often in real-world settings such as schools, organizations or the military. Its main goal is to use research findings to create interventions that can be applied in the real world to improve people's lives, change behaviors or enhance performance. Humanistic psychology is focused on individual growth and well-being rather than applying research to real-world issues. Positive psychology is focused on enhancing positive traits and experiences, but may not necessarily involve changing current practice or laws. Clinical psychology is focused on diagnosing and treating mental health problems in individuals, rather than solving practical problems in real-world settings.

Question 15

In class,Professor Deacon describes her research investigating the differences in brain activity between children born in Canada and those that immigrated within the last 12 months.It is likely that Professor Deacon is a researcher in the field of __________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural psychology is the study of how cultural factors influence human behavior and mental processes. Professor Deacon's research is examining the differences between children born in Canada and those who have immigrated within the last 12 months, highlighting the influence of cultural factors on brain development.

Question 16

The application of psychological research and concepts to the workplace is known as

Accepted Answer

Industrial/organizational psychology is the branch of psychology that applies psychological research and concepts to improve work environments, increase productivity, and enhance worker well-being in organizations. Clinical psychology, humanistic psychology, and social psychology focus on different aspects of behavior and cognition outside of the workplace.

Quiz 1: C: Introducing Psychological Science