Quiz 3: C Biological Psychology
Psychology
Q 1Q 1
________ are composed of segments of DNA and guide in the process of protein creation.
A)Phenotypes
B)Nucleotides
C)Genotypes
D)Genes
Free
Multiple Choice
D
Q 2Q 2
Observable traits,such as physical and behavioural characteristics,make up an organism's
A)genotype.
B)phenotype.
C)genetic profile.
D)heredity.
Free
Multiple Choice
B
Q 3Q 3
The most basic units of heredity that regulate development and physiological processes are called
A)proteins.
B)genes.
C)phenotypes.
D)amino acids.
Free
Multiple Choice
B
Q 4Q 4
___________ are structures in the cellular nucleus that are lined with all of the genes an individual inherits.
A)Nucleotides
B)DNA
C)Amino acids
D)Chromosomes
Free
Multiple Choice
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 6Q 6
Kendra (female)and Robert (male)are the biological parents of a male child.Which of the following correctly describes how their son inherited his genes?
A)All 23 pairs of chromosomes were contributed by Robert.
B)All 23 pairs of chromosomes were contributed by Kendra.
C)23 single chromosomes came from Kendra and 23 single chromosomes came from Robert.
D)24 pairs of chromosomes came from Robert and 22 pairs of chromosomes came from Kendra.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 7Q 7
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA represents a code that cells can use to create
A)amino acids.
B)chromosomes.
C)proteins.
D)genes.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 8Q 8
The sequence of letters TATAAGGCACCC most likely represents
A)the order of genes on a chromosome.
B)the order of chromosomes in a nucleus.
C)the order of nucleotides in a gene.
D)the types of DNA in a gene.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 9Q 9
Yani inherited the gene for blue eyes from his mother,but he actually has brown eyes.What is his eye colour phenotype?
A)brown
B)blue
C)recessive
D)dominant
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 10Q 10
Our genetic code usually determines whether we have typically male or female bodies.Occasionally however,individuals are born who are genetically male,but who physically appear female.These children are ______________ male,but __________________ female.
A)heterozygous;homozygous
B)homozygous;heterozygous
C)phenotypically;genotypically
D)genotypically;phenotypically
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 11Q 11
Having a dimple on your chin is determined by a single gene pair.If you inherited one dimple gene and one non-dimple gene from your parents,you could be described as ____________ for this trait.
A)heterozygous
B)homozygous
C)phenotypical
D)genotypical
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 12Q 12
If two corresponding genes at a given location on a pair of chromosomes are the same,they are referred to as
A)genotyped.
B)homozygous.
C)phenotyped.
D)heterozygous.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 13Q 13
For a simple trait with one dominant and one recessive gene,a person will display the recessive trait
A)if they are heterozygous or homozygous for the recessive trait.
B)only if they are homozygous for the recessive trait.
C)only if they are heterozygous for the recessive trait.
D)as long as they inherit one copy of the recessive trait.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 14Q 14
Behavioural genetics is the study of
A)DNA and the ways specific genes relate to behaviour.
B)how different behaviours lead to permanent changes in the genetic code.
C)how genes and environment influence behaviour.
D)genetic mutations and inheritance.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 15Q 15
Which of these research methods would a behavioural geneticist be likely to employ to study the influence of genetics on personality?
A)examining heritability in twins and adopted individuals
B)interviewing people who have mental health issues
C)administering paper-and-pencil or computerized questionnaires to hundreds of people
D)examining the changes in the expression of the genetic code over the lifespan
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 16Q 16
Which of these sibling pairs will share the greatest number of genes?
A)two brothers,born 18 months apart,who have the same two parents
B)a brother and sister who are fraternal twins
C)two brothers who developed from the same fertilized egg
D)two sisters who are fraternal twins
Free
Multiple Choice
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 18Q 18
Dr.Kurz is studying twins where at least one twin suffers from depression.She finds that both twins are much more likely to share the disorder if they are monozygotic rather than dizygotic twins.What should Dr.Kurz conclude based on her findings?
A)Depression is entirely genetic.
B)The heritability of depression is high.
C)The heritability of depression is low.
D)Monozygotic twins are at a higher risk for depression than non-twins.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 19Q 19
If dizygotic twins both share a trait 13% of the time while monozygotic twins share the trait 14% of the time,the heritability for this trait would be close to
A)0
B)0.13
C)0.14
D)0.135
Free
Multiple Choice
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Multiple Choice
Q 21Q 21
What does heritability of .37 indicate about a specific trait?
A)0.37% of individual differences in the trait can be attributed to environmental factors.
B)0.37% of individual differences in the trait can be attributed to genetic factors in the population.
C)37% of individual differences in the trait can be attributed to environmental factors within the population.
D)37% of individual differences in the trait can be attributed to genetic factors within the population.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
If a trait has high heritability,then adopted children are more likely to share the trait with
A)their biological parents.
B)their adoptive parents.
C)their adoptive siblings.
D)other children of the same age range.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
A researcher is studying factors that influence political beliefs (conservative or liberal).She finds that adopted children are more likely to share their political beliefs with their adoptive parents than their biological parents.Which of the following should she conclude?
A)Genes have no influence on political beliefs.
B)Adoptive parents are more likely to express their political beliefs to their children.
C)Political beliefs have high heritability.
D)Political beliefs have low heritability.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
Gi works in a laboratory that identifies which genes are present among individuals with particular traits.The goal of the lab is to understand how specific genes are related to behaviour.Gi likely works in which field?
A)eugenics
B)DNA phenotyping
C)behavioural genomics
D)psychobehavioural genetics
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
Which of the following is a limitation associated with behavioural genomics?
A)Most traits are not controlled by single genes.
B)Most diseases are not caused or affected by genes.
C)The Human Genome Project did not lead to any new information about genes.
D)It places too much emphasis on environmental factors.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
Which of the following is true?
A)Most phenotypic traits are controlled by a single gene.
B)Diseases are often found to be caused by single,specific genes.
C)The same gene can often be a risk factor for several different disorders.
D)No trait is determined by a single gene.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
Aaron is working at his job as an editor of a science magazine when a reporter places an article on his desk entitled "Gene for Optimism Found." To avoid confusing the readers about the actual scientific findings,how could Aaron change the title?
A)"Pessimists Could Be Missing a Crucial Gene"
B)"Scientists Find Gene's Purpose Is to Increase Optimism"
C)"Scientists Find the Single Gene for Optimism"
D)"Gene Found to be a Factor in Optimism"
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 28Q 28
Organisms that express traits conducive to survival are more likely to mate and pass on those traits than organisms that do not possess the same favourable traits.This concept is known as
A)the nature-nurture debate.
B)evolution.
C)natural selection.
D)evolutionary psychology.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
The multi-generational change in the frequency of genes within an interbreeding population is known as
A)heritability.
B)evolutionary psychology.
C)evolution.
D)sexual selection.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 30Q 30
To date,which of the following traits has been the most evidently adaptive for humans?
A)hiccups
B)the fight-or-flight response
C)schizophrenia
D)red hair
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 31Q 31
Which best describes the current understanding of sex differences in cognitive abilities?
A)There are no sex differences in cognitive abilities.
B)There is currently a debate about whether these differences are genetic or the result of cultural and environmental factors.
C)There is no evidence that these differences are biological.
D)There is no evidence that cultural and environmental factors can affect these differences.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 32Q 32
Researchers have found that the male advantage in mental rotation tasks is related to
A)cultural factors.
B)estrogens.
C)testosterone levels.
D)educational factors.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 33Q 33
Robert is out for a walk in the woods when he sees two male deer charging at each other,butting heads,and locking antlers.Robert knows that the winner of this fight will be more likely to mate with the nearby female deer.This fight is an example of
A)intersexual selection.
B)evolutionary psychology.
C)adaptation.
D)intrasexual selection.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 34Q 34
Peahens are more attracted to (and thus,more likely to mate with)male peacocks with brightly coloured plumage.This is an example of
A)intersexual selection.
B)evolutionary psychology.
C)adaptation.
D)intrasexual selection.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 35Q 35
___________ are responsible for sending and receiving messages throughout the body.
A)Glial cells
B)Neurons
C)Neurotransmitters
D)Dendrites
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 36Q 36
Neurons are
A)specialized cells that help to clean and feed brain cells.
B)cells that send and receive information.
C)bundles of nerves.
D)chemical transmitters found throughout the nervous system.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 37Q 37
The ___________ is the central region of the neuron that contains genes responsible for synthesizing the proteins that allow the neuron to function.
A)myelin sheath
B)dendrite
C)axon
D)soma
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 38Q 38
Which part of the neuron is responsible for manufacturing proteins?
A)axon
B)cell body
C)dendrite
D)axon terminals
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 39Q 39
The branchlike structures that receive messages from other neurons are called
A)axons.
B)axon terminals.
C)dendrites.
D)synapses.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 40Q 40
Which part of the neuron typically receives messages from other neurons?
A)myelin sheath
B)dendrites
C)axon
D)axon terminals
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 41Q 41
Which part of a neuron transmits information to other neurons through an electrochemical signal?
A)soma
B)axon
C)dendrites
D)cell membrane
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 42Q 42
If neuronal communication were compared to radio,the _______________ would be the transmitter at the radio station and the _______________ would be the antenna on your car.
A)cell bodies;axons
B)dendrites;axons
C)axon terminals;axons
D)axons;dendrites
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 43Q 43
The structures at tips of the axon (i.e. ,furthest from the soma)are called
A)axon terminals.
B)dendrites.
C)neurotransmitters.
D)axon hillocks.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 44Q 44
Kerry works as a messenger for a business.His job is to carry messages between different buildings.Kerry's role for the company is similar to the function of ______________ in neuronal communication.
A)neurotransmitters
B)axons
C)dendrites
D)somas
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 45Q 45
The tiny space between the axon terminal of one cell and the dendrites of the next cell is called the
A)receptor site.
B)synapse.
C)dendrite spine.
D)terminal button.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 46Q 46
Mary put her hand on a hot stove.Which type of neuron is responsible for sending a pain message towards her spinal cord?
A)motor neuron
B)interneuron
C)sensory neuron
D)messenger neuron
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 47Q 47
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
A)to serve as a support structure for neurons
B)to process neural activity
C)to speed up the neural impulse
D)to synthesize neurotransmitters
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 48Q 48
The __________ speeds up the passage of electrical messages by acting as an insulator of the neuronal signal.
A)blood-brain barrier
B)terminal button
C)myelin
D)axon
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 49Q 49
Kalika is told by her physician that her symptoms are caused by a loss of myelin.Her diagnosis would most likely be
A)Parkinson's disease.
B)multiple sclerosis.
C)early stage Alzheimer's disease.
D)epilepsy.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
What type of cell in the nervous system is responsible for mounting immune responses in the brain,removing wastes,and increasing the efficiency of neural communication?
A)white blood cells
B)motor neurons
C)glial cell
D)interneurons
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 51Q 51
The ratio of glial cells to neurons in the brain,is approximately
A)1:10.
B)10:1.
C)100:1.
D)1000:1.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 52Q 52
What do we call the state of a neuron when it is not transmitting or receiving messages?
A)action potential
B)resting potential
C)stable state
D)neutral state
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 53Q 53
The voltage of a neuron's ______________ is typically around -70 millivolts.
A)postsynaptic potential
B)resting potential
C)refractory period
D)action potential
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 54Q 54
During an action potential,the electrical charge inside the neuron is _________ compared to the electrical charge outside the neuron.
A)positive
B)balanced
C)negative
D)neutral
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 55Q 55
When a neuron becomes sufficiently depolarized,it
A)becomes more negatively charged relative to outside of the cell.
B)initiates an action potential.
C)becomes less likely to initiate an action potential.
D)closes all of its ion channels.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 56Q 56
"All-or-none" is the principle stating that
A)a neuron always fires at the same strength.
B)the potential inside a neuron must increase from 0mV to +100mV to initiate an action potential.
C)all dendrites on a neuron must be receiving depolarizing signals in order to initiate an action potential.
D)during the refractory period a neuron will not fire.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 57Q 57
When Julia's parents go out for the night,she turns the volume on her music up as high as it will go.Although the stimulus (sound)is now much louder,Julia's neurons are still firing with the same intensity.This is known as the
A)action potential theory.
B)resting potential.
C)refractory period.
D)all-or-none principle.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 58Q 58
____________ is the formation of new neurons.
A)Neurogenesis
B)Neural plasticity
C)Long-term potentiation
D)Synaptogenesis
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 59Q 59
____________ are cells that do not have a predetermined function and can develop into new neurons.
A)Glial cells
B)Interneurons
C)Stem cells
D)Neurotransmitters
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 60Q 60
Which structures are like locks that only certain neurotransmitters ("keys")can unlock?
A)synapses
B)receptors
C)axon terminals
D)clefts
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 61Q 61
____________neurotransmitters make it more likely that a neuron will generate action potentials,whereas _____________ neurotransmitters make it less likely that a neuron will do so.
A)Excitatory;inhibitory
B)Inhibitory;excitatory
C)Postsynaptic;presynaptic
D)Presynaptic;postsynaptic
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 62Q 62
After neurotransmitter molecules are released,they may be broken down by enzymes or they may be re-absorbed back into the axon,a process known as
A)inhibition.
B)degradation.
C)refraction.
D)reuptake.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 63Q 63
Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in voluntary movement,processing rewards,and mood?
A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)acetylcholine
D)GABA
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 64Q 64
Which neurotransmitter is associated with sleep,mood,and appetite?
A)GABA
B)serotonin
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 65Q 65
Andy has decided to seek medical help for mood disturbances and appetite problems.Which neurotransmitter is most likely involved in the problems Andy is experiencing?
A)GABA
B)dopamine
C)serotonin
D)acetylcholine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 66Q 66
Elizabeth was driving on the highway when an oncoming car crossed the centre line and almost hit her.As a result of the stress,her heart rate increased and she felt "on edge." Which of the following neurotransmitters is likely responsible for Elizabeth's response?
A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)GABA
D)norepinephrine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 67Q 67
__________ plays a critical role as a neurotransmitter that stimulates voluntary muscle movement directly at the junction between nerves and muscles.
A)Acetylcholine
B)GABA
C)Dopamine
D)Norepinephrine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 68Q 68
The main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system is
A)glutamate.
B)GABA.
C)acetylcholine.
D)serotonin.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 69Q 69
The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system,that plays a role in memory and learning,is
A)glutamate.
B)GABA.
C)acetylcholine.
D)serotonin.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 70Q 70
Drugs that block neurotransmitter activity are called
A)agonists.
B)antagonists.
C)excitatory.
D)reuptake inhibitors.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 71Q 71
Luisa is diagnosed with a medical disorder caused by too much dopamine activity in certain brain regions.To reduce her levels of dopamine,her doctor is likely to prescribe a dopamine
A)reuptake inhibitor.
B)synthesizing drug.
C)agonist.
D)antagonist.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 72Q 72
Sinan suffers from high anxiety.His doctor prescribes him Xanax,a drug that increases the activity of GABA.Xanax is considered a(n)
A)GABA antagonist.
B)GABA agonist.
C)excitatory neurotransmitter.
D)inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 73Q 73
Hormones are chemicals that are secreted directly into
A)the bloodstream.
B)the synapse.
C)the neuronal cell body.
D)the axon terminals.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 74Q 74
The ________ regulates and maintains constant internal bodily states by stimulating the pituitary gland.
A)thalamus
B)hypothalamus
C)amygdala
D)hippocampus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 75Q 75
Which endocrine gland controls all of the other glands in the body?
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal gland
C)hypothalamus
D)pituitary gland
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 76Q 76
The pituitary gland is known as the _______ gland because it controls the other glands in the body.
A)master
B)alpha
C)dominant
D)dorsal
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 77Q 77
Which of the following is a likely effect of damage to the hypothalamus?
A)reduced use of left arm
B)deregulation of hormones
C)loss of muscle tone
D)reduced ability to reason
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 78Q 78
While running a marathon,Alain stumbled and fell.Despite feeling a sharp pain initially,he got up and continued to run until he completed the race.Upon crossing the finish line he fell down writhing in pain.When examined,it was discovered that Alain had broken his leg.He was able to run the remainder of the marathon relatively pain-free due to the release of
A)serotonin.
B)cortisol.
C)testosterone.
D)endorphins.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 79Q 79
Due to their similar chemical structures,morphine and other opiates are able to bind to _________ receptor sites.
A)GABA.
B)serotonin.
C)dopamine.
D)endorphin.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 80Q 80
_____________ has been scientifically linked to dominance and aggression in both human and animal studies.
A)Cortisol
B)Testosterone
C)Dopamine
D)Glutamate
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 81Q 81
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the __________ and the __________.
A)brain;spinal cord
B)autonomic nervous system;somatic nervous system
C)peripheral nervous system;central nervous system
D)endocrine system;neurotransmitter system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 82Q 82
The peripheral nervous system consists of the __________ and the __________ nervous systems.
A)autonomic;somatic
B)autonomic;sympathetic
C)parasympathetic;autonomic
D)parasympathetic;sympathetic
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 83Q 83
The brain and spinal cord make up the
A)central nervous system.
B)autonomic nervous system.
C)peripheral nervous system.
D)somatic nervous system.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 84Q 84
As she walks out of the living room,Gloriann reaches up and turns out the light.In this example (walking and moving her arm),Gloriann's __________ nervous system is active.
A)sympathetic
B)parasympathetic
C)autonomic
D)somatic
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 85Q 85
The subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that consists of nerves that control organs and glands is called the ___________ nervous system.
A)somatic
B)autonomic
C)sympathetic
D)parasympathetic
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 86Q 86
The fight-or-flight response is mobilized by the
A)central nervous system.
B)somatic nervous system.
C)sympathetic nervous system.
D)parasympathetic nervous system.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 87Q 87
As Indigo is walking across campus,a car swerves toward her.Her heart races and sweat breaks out as she jumps out of harm's way.These symptoms (racing heart and sweating)are due to the action of Indigo's
A)somatic nervous system.
B)central nervous system.
C)parasympathetic nervous system.
D)sympathetic nervous system.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 88Q 88
Ahmed is studying alone in his room late at night when he hears a loud noise downstairs.His heartbeat increases significantly and his breathing becomes shallow.He wonders if a burglar has entered the house and decides to investigate.When he gets downstairs he discovers his cat has knocked over a plant stand.His body begins to relax and return to normal.Which part of his nervous system is responsible for returning Ahmed to a normal state?
A)spinal cord
B)somatic nervous system
C)sympathetic nervous system
D)parasympathetic nervous system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 89Q 89
There are approximately __________ individual neurons in the brain alone.
A)10 million
B)100 million
C)100 billion
D)10 trillion
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 90Q 90
A car accident rendered Sanford's nervous system unable to send messages for him to breathe,so he is now on a respirator.Which brain structure was likely damaged in the accident?
A)pons
B)medulla
C)cerebellum
D)reticular formation
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 91Q 91
The _______________ is a structure in the brain stem responsible for life-sustaining functions,such as breathing and heart rate.
A)reticular formation
B)pons
C)medulla
D)cingulate gyrus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 92Q 92
Damage to the cerebellum is likely to disrupt which of the following?
A)playing basketball
B)sleeping
C)homeostasis
D)recalling memories
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 93Q 93
The hindbrain is composed of several different structures.Which part of the brain listed below is located in the hindbrain?
A)amygdala
B)occipital lobe
C)cerebellum
D)thalamus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 94Q 94
Which of the following would most likely involve the midbrain?
A)raising your body temperature on a cold night
B)deciding to bet all of your chips in a poker game
C)remembering where you left your keys
D)ducking just in time to avoid being hit by a sudden foul ball at a baseball game
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 95Q 95
Tourette's syndrome-a condition marked by erratic and repetitive facial and muscle movements (called tics)and frequent noise making such as grunting,snorting,or sniffing-is believed to be caused by excess _________ in the __________.
A)dopamine;hippocampus
B)acetylcholine;medulla
C)dopamine;basal ganglia
D)acetylcholine;thalamus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 96Q 96
A researcher implants an electrode in a rat's brain,and then wires the electrode so that it stimulates a specific brain region every time the rat presses a lever.The rat finds the stimulation so rewarding that it does nothing but press the lever all day.Which of the following brain regions does the electrode most likely stimulate?
A)nucleus accumbens
B)amygdala
C)cerebellum
D)thalamus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 97Q 97
The ________ consists of a set of structures involved with motivation,emotion,and memory.
A)basal ganglia
B)limbic system
C)reticular formation
D)superior colliculus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 98Q 98
Emre has been extremely afraid of cats since he was scratched as a 5-year-old.Whenever he sees a cat,he starts to feel afraid.If a cat comes towards him,he often runs away immediately,as he is afraid of being scratched again.The __________,in the limbic system,is likely involved with Emre's fear response towards cats.
A)hippocampus
B)thalamus
C)amygdala
D)medulla
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 99Q 99
As Joe walks to his car late at night,he hears footsteps behind him.Feeling afraid,Joe grips his keys and quickens his pace.It is likely that Joe's ____________ has been activated.
A)hypothalamus
B)hippocampus
C)amygdala
D)thalamus
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 100Q 100
Eating,drinking,sexual behaviour,and body temperature control are most strongly influenced by the
A)hippocampus.
B)thalamus.
C)hypothalamus.
D)amygdala.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 101Q 101
What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information?
A)hypothalamus
B)thalamus
C)hippocampus
D)amygdala
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 102Q 102
Most of the higher functions of the brain,such as reasoning and language,are located in the
A)limbic system.
B)midbrain.
C)cerebral cortex.
D)hypothalamus.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 103Q 103
"Wow!" says 4-year-old Tristan when he sees an actual human brain on display at the science museum,"I didn't realize how wrinkly it would be." Because he can only see the outer layer of the brain,Tristan is actually describing only the
A)cerebral cortex.
B)white matter.
C)ventricles.
D)cerebellum.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 104Q 104
The wrinkling of the surface of the brain serves what purpose?
A)It cushions the brain and protects it from trauma.
B)It increases blood flow that brings oxygen and nutrients to neurons.
C)It allows heat to radiate away from the brain more effectively.
D)It increases the surface area without increasing the size of the brain.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 105Q 105
Neuroscientists often categorize parts of the brain into grey matter and white matter.What makes the white matter regions appear white?
A)It contains only dendrites.
B)It is composed of myelinated axons.
C)It contains a high level of connective tissue.
D)It contains only cell bodies.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 106Q 106
Which lobes are associated with higher cognitive functions,such as planning,inhibiting impulses and emotion,language production,and voluntary movement?
A)frontal
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)occipital
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 107Q 107
Marta was in a skiing accident and suffered an injury to her brain resulting in paralysis of her left arm.What part of Marta's brain was likely injured?
A)auditory association area
B)primary motor cortex
C)somatosensory cortex
D)Broca's area
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 108Q 108
Which lobes are involved in our experiences of touch as well as bodily awareness?
A)frontal
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)occipital
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 109Q 109
Darla suffered from a stroke that left her with an impaired sense of touch.Which part of the brain is the most likely site of the damage?
A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)occipital lobe
D)parietal lobe
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 110Q 110
While playing hockey,Ryan fell and hit his head on the ice.Afterwards,he reported that he was unable to see although doctors confirmed that his eyes were uninjured.Which area of his brain was likely injured in his fall?
A)occipital
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)frontal
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 111Q 111
Which lobes are primarily involved in hearing,language,and object and face recognition?
A)frontal
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)occipital
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Multiple Choice
Q 112Q 112
Which of the following is true about the two hemispheres of the brain?
A)Generally,the right hemisphere is more specialized for visual skills and music processing,while the left hemisphere is more specialized for language and math.
B)People with analytical personalities rely almost exclusively on the right hemisphere of their brain.
C)Creative artists are accurately described as being "right-brained" because they primarily rely on their right hemisphere in their day-to-day lives.
D)The two hemispheres are mirror images of each other,each performing the same functions as the other.
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Multiple Choice
Q 113Q 113
Darren is right-handed.If his brain is like that of most other right-handed people,then he likely uses his _________ to process and produce language.
A)corpus callosum.
B)parietal lobe.
C)right cerebral hemisphere.
D)left cerebral hemisphere.
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Multiple Choice
Q 114Q 114
Shyanne was admitted to the hospital last week after she fell.When Shyanne's son visited,he found his mother was unable to get words out in a smooth,connected fashion.If Shyanne's difficulty speaking is due to brain damage,what is the likely location of the damage?
A)Broca's area
B)Gall's area
C)Wernicke's area
D)Korsakoff's area
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Multiple Choice
Q 115Q 115
The corpus callosum
A)is a bundle of nerves that connects the two halves of the cerebral cortex.
B)is made of ligaments that hold the hemispheres together.
C)causes a vegetative state if severed.
D)is a bundle of nerves that connects the brainstem and the reticular formation.
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Multiple Choice
Q 116Q 116
Under special circumstances,doctors may decide to severe a person's corpus callosum.This procedure is primarily done to
A)study the separate functions of the brain's two hemispheres.
B)reduce aggression and violent outbursts in a patient.
C)study the separate functions of the somatosensory and motor cortices.
D)lessen the severity of epileptic seizures.
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Multiple Choice
Q 117Q 117
Tareq suffered a brain injury when he hit his head waterskiing.Following the accident,Tareq required extensive speech therapy to regain his ability to pronounce words correctly.Now Tareq can speak as he did before his accident.This is an example of _____________,which allowed the structure and function of Tareq's brain cells to change to adjust to the trauma.
A)split-brain syndrome
B)neural pruning
C)neuroplasticity
D)Wernicke's aphasia
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Multiple Choice
Q 118Q 118
Researchers have developed a therapy for stroke patients with Broca's aphasia that uses ________________ to encourage neuroplasticity.
A)electrical stimulation
B)singing strings of words
C)neurotrophic drugs
D)physical exercise
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Multiple Choice
Q 119Q 119
Dr.Kakembo is interested in the area of the brain responsible for spatial memory.She decides that the best process is to train a group of rats to navigate a maze,then intentionally remove specific areas of their brains,and finally test their spatial memory to see which rats have memory impairments.This technique,intentionally damaging an area of the brain,is known as
A)transcranial magnetic stimulation.
B)structural neuroimaging.
C)electroencephalography.
D)lesioning.
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Multiple Choice
Q 120Q 120
Small electrodes are pasted onto Miranda's scalp and are connected by wire to a machine that translates the electrical energy from her brain into wavy lines on a moving piece of paper.From this description,it is evident that Miranda's brain is being studied through the use of
A)a computerized tomography (CT)scan.
B)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
C)diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
D)an electroencephalogram (EEG).
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Multiple Choice
Q 121Q 121
Libby's physician refers her to a medical centre to have the biochemical activity in her brain analyzed.She is given an injection of a radioactive glucose-like substance and then is told to lie down with her head in a scanner.Libby's physician has referred her to have a(n)____________ scan.
A)positron emission tomography (PET)
B)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
C)magnetoencephalography (MEG)
D)electroencephalogram (EEG)
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Multiple Choice
Q 122Q 122
A drawback associated with PET scans is that
A)they are not accurate.
B)they are more dangerous than other types of neuroimaging techniques.
C)they take a long time to acquire data.
D)they cannot detect which brain regions are active during a task.
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Multiple Choice
Q 123Q 123
A brain-imaging method using magnetic fields to measure the spinning of hydrogen atoms in the brain is called
A)electroencephalography (EEG).
B)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
C)positron emission tomography (PET).
D)computed tomography (CT).
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Multiple Choice
Q 124Q 124
Dr.D'Arcy wants to know what brain areas are active when people recall pleasant memories.He knows he needs a test that allows him to see the structure of the brain in high-definition,but also needs to see which structures are active during memory recall.Dr.D'Arcy should likely use a(n)_______________ to gather this type of data.
A)electroencephalogram (EEG)
B)positron emission tomography (PET)scan
C)diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)machine
D)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)machine
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Multiple Choice
Q 125Q 125
Which technique measures the electrical activity of brain cells directly?
A)MRI
B)fMRI
C)PET scan
D)MEG
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Multiple Choice
Q 126Q 126
An area of damage in the brain is called a(n)
A)sham.
B)lesion.
C)dark spot.
D)degraded mass.
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Multiple Choice
Q 127Q 127
Which technique for investigating the function of brain regions is similar to lesioning,but has no ill effects?
A)transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
B)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
C)Positron emission tomography (PET)
D)Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
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Multiple Choice
Q 128Q 128
In what way is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)different than other techniques researchers use to study brain activity,such as PET scans,fMRIs,and MEG?
A)TMS requires the use of radioactive materials.
B)Other techniques take much longer to acquire data compared to TMS.
C)TMS records the activity of glial cells as well as neurons.
D)TMS is used to change the activity in the brain by either stimulating or disrupting activity.
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Multiple Choice