Quiz 2: A Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

Good scientific research is based on measurements that are objective,valid,and reliable.

If someone takes an intelligence test several times and receives the same score,the test is considered to have high validity.

Using random sampling increases the likelihood that the results from a sample will generalize to the population.

In a double-blind experiment,neither the participant nor the researcher knows which treatment group the participant is in.

Once the results of a study have been peer reviewed and published,they are considered accurate,even if other researchers cannot replicate them.

Surveys and questionnaires are used to collect self-report data.

A correlation coefficient of -.80 represents a stronger relationship than a correlation coefficient of +.50.

If researchers find that the number of books read by fifth-grade students is positively correlated with their scores on an intelligence test,it would be correct to conclude that having children read more increases their intelligence.

Emmerson designs an experiment to test whether drinking a protein shake after weightlifting increases muscle development.The independent variable in Emmerson's experiment is the protein shake.

Asking participants to write about upsetting or traumatic experiences can put them at risk for cognitive and emotional stress.However,there might also be potential benefits of coping through expression.Research ethics boards (REB)weigh the risks and benefits of research.

Researchers are NOT allowed to deceive participants about the purpose of a study.

The right to give informed consent stays with a volunteer throughout the entire study,and they should be able to withdraw at any point.

Researchers must give participants total anonymity.

For security and confidentiality reasons,once the results of a study are reported in a journal or at a conference,the data should be destroyed.

A negatively skewed distribution has a long tail on the right of the cluster.

The mean,median,and mode are all measures of central tendency.

When a distribution is skewed,the median is a better measure of the "average" than the mean.

If the distribution of quiz scores for a class has high variability,most of the students scored within a few points of each other.

If researchers find a statistically significant result,they would be likely to find the same result if they replicated the study again.

If researchers calculate a large standard deviation,it indicates that there is a low level of variability in the data.