Quiz 10: C Lifespan Development

Charmaine is interested in going to graduate school to gain expertise in the ways in which people experience physical,cognitive,social,and emotional changes over the course of their lives.The type of program that Charmaine should be applying to is __________ psychology. A)developmental B)child C)social D)cognitive

__________ studies observe different individuals at different ages at a single point in time. A)Longitudinal B)Cohort C)Sequential D)Cross-sectional

Xiao is gathering research on the number of daily calories people typically consume at various ages.He gathers data about the number of calories eaten by 25 people in each of the following age categories: 10,20,30,40,50,60,and 70 years.What type of research design is Xiao using? A)continuous B)cross-sectional C)sequential D)longitudinal

Daniel is interested in studying how children's behaviour changes when they grow up in high-risk environments.He enlists 500 children and their parents to take part in his research,and observes these children once a year for 20 years.This type of research is an example of a __________ study. A)sequential B)cross-sectional C)longitudinal D)continuous

In a __________design,one group of participants is followed and assessed as the group ages. A)cohort B)longitudinal C)lifetime D)cross-sectional

In a cross-sectional study,subjects from the same age category are referred to as A)a cohort. B)an experimental group. C)a control group. D)a stage model.

Which of the following is true about longitudinal studies? A)The potential for cohort effects makes them difficult to interpret. B)They generally take less time than cross-sectional studies. C)They are more prone to errors and biases than cross-sectional studies. D)They often have more attrition than cross-sectional studies.

One advantage of using a longitudinal design over a cross-sectional design is that longitudinal designs A)are more prone to errors and biases. B)are less likely to be affected by attrition. C)avoid issues associated with cohort effects. D)require less time to perform.

A researcher performs a study comparing the video-game playing ability of 20-year-olds to 60-year-olds.The results indicate that the 20-year-olds learned to play a new game much faster than the 60-year-olds.However,the researchers are uncertain whether this indicates that the 20-year-olds' ability will decrease over time,or whether the 60-year-olds had more difficulty because they grew up before there were video games.What issue is this an example of? A)cohort effects B)attrition C)stage model error D)experimenter expectancy effects

Developmental changes during childhood tend to occur A)in a linear fashion. B)in stages. C)gradually. D)smoothly over time.

A(n)_________ is formed when the sperm fuses with the nuclei of the egg. A)germinal B)embryo C)zygote D)fetus

The very beginning of development involves the _________ dividing into a ball of cells called the _________ and travelling down the fallopian tubes. A)blastocyst;zygote B)zygote;fetus C)blastocyst;embryo D)zygote;blastocyst

The germinal stage A)occurs from 0 to 2 weeks after fertilization. B)occurs from 2 to 8 weeks after fertilization. C)occurs from 8 weeks after fertilization to birth. D)occurs from 7 to 10 weeks after fertilization.

Marisa is at a point in her pregnancy when the blastocyst is moving down from the fallopian tubes to her uterus.Which stage of prenatal development is Marisa currently experiencing? A)fetal B)embryonic C)placental D)germinal

The placenta: A)is the tube through which a developing baby receives nourishment. B)is a group of cells within the blastocyst that develop into the fetus. C)passes oxygen,nutrients,and waste to and from the fetus. D)is the name for the developing organism until it is 8 weeks old.

Which of the following describes the embryonic period? A)The period during which the blastocyst moves down to the uterus and begins to implant in the lining. B)The period during which the major organs and structures of the organism first develop. C)The period during which the zygote is formed. D)The period during which the skeletal,organ,and nervous systems become more developed and specialized.

The heart and nervous system begin to form when the developing child is categorized as a(n)________. A)fetus B)zygote C)embryo D)blastocyst

Tameeka is at a point in her pregnancy during which the major organs and structures of her baby are first developing.Which period of prenatal development is Tameeka currently experiencing? A)fetal B)embryonic C)placental D)germinal

Which of the following is the correct order for the phases of prenatal development? A)germinal,embryonic,fetal B)germinal,fetal,embryonic C)fetal,germinal,embryonic D)fetal,embryonic,germinal

The process of _________,in which fatty tissue builds up around neurons,begins around the end of the second trimester. A)synaptogenesis B)plasticity C)convolution D)myelination

At birth,newborns have approximately _________ neurons,and far more ________ than adults. A)4000;synapses B)100 billion;neural connections C)100 billion;synapses D)4000;neural connections

Although babies are born with most of the neurons they will need throughout their lives,they are still lacking A)the connections between the neurons. B)the myelin covering on the neuronal cells. C)the sulci and gyri of the cortex. D)any synapses in the cortex.

Which of the following terms is used to describe any substance (such as a drug,chemical,or virus)that can cause a birth defect? A)teratogen B)sensitive period C)carcinogen D)phocomelia

_________ was prescribed for morning sickness but led to severe birth defects. A)Phocomelia B)Thalidomide C)Ginger D)Marijuana

Which of the following is NOT a known symptom of fetal alcohol syndrome? A)facial malformations B)respiratory difficulties C)deficits in mental functioning D)growth problems

Greta's child has facial deformities,learning difficulties,and delayed growth.If these defects could be traced to a teratogen used by Greta when she was pregnant,which was she most likely consuming? A)nicotine B)cocaine C)marijuana D)alcohol

What are some of the common consequences to a child whose mother smoked while pregnant? A)increased birth weight and lethargy B)lower birth weight and premature birth C)severe hearing loss and heart defects D)severely deformed limbs and muscle spasms

A friend of yours is pregnant and particularly afraid of her child dying from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)after he is born.What should you tell your friend to avoid because it puts her child at greater risk of dying from SIDS? A)drinking alcohol B)eating processed foods C)eating unpasteurized foods D)tobacco exposure

While the chance of survival for infants born at 25 weeks is about 50%,the probability for survival is 95% by ________ weeks of gestation. A)26 B)30 C)37 D)40

Which of the following is a key component of the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP)for preterm infants? A)exposing the infants to specific patterns of visual and auditory stimuli to promote brain development B)placing infants into a simulated womb,complete with placenta and amniotic fluid C)recreating the birthing experience at what would have been 37 weeks of gestation if the infant had been carried to full term D)minimizing exposure to light and sounds that can over-stimulate the developing brain

____________ for preterm babies involves skin-to-skin contact between infants and caregivers and encouraging breastfeeding. A)NIDCAP B)Kangaroo care C)Doula care D)Cuddle care

Which of the following is true of the original research that suggested a relationship between the MMR vaccine and the development of autism? A)It has been discredited and retracted by the journal that published it. B)It won Andrew Wake the 1999 Nobel Prize for Medicine. C)It has been successfully replicated several times. D)While the original study has problems,the scientific community still supports the connection between vaccines and autism.

By seven to eight months of gestation,not only can infants hear,but they also seem to be actively listening.According to your textbook,which of the following is one of the ways researchers know this? A)Infants in the womb will exhibit movement that matches the beat of external music. B)Infants in the womb show an increase in movement when hearing a story they've been read previously. C)Infants show a preference for stories read aloud to them prior to birth. D)Infants show knowledge of vocabulary words they heard while still in the womb.

Which ability may take up to 2 months after birth to develop? A)discriminating between complex odours B)seeing objects at a distance of 30cm C)voluntary motor movements D)colour discrimination

Newborns show the most preference for looking at A)faces and face-like stimuli. B)images of scrambled faces. C)images with multiple colours and shapes. D)familiar objects they've seen many times before.

In the presence of an unpleasant odour,newborns will A)turn towards the source of the smell. B)cringe. C)not react,as their olfactory system is not yet developed enough to detect most odours. D)seek out their primary caregiver.

The involuntary muscular reactions to specific types of stimulation seen in newborns are referred to as A)tremors. B)reflexes. C)accommodations. D)preoperational movements.

The rooting reflex refers to a newborn's tendency to A)grimace and reach their arms outward and then inward. B)open the mouth to seek food when touched on the cheek. C)grab onto objects placed onto the centre of their palm. D)close the eyes when startled by loud noises.

Elizabeth is nursing her newborn daughter and holds the baby up to her breast.When she strokes her baby's cheek,the child turns her head toward the breast and finds her mother's nipple.This is a demonstration of the __________ reflex. A)rooting B)suckling C)Moro D)grasping

The Moro reflex is most likely to be produced when A)someone lightly stokes the baby's cheek. B)the baby loses support of his or her head. C)the baby smells his mother's breast milk. D)the baby's palm is pressed.

In cultures where mothers expect their children to reach motor-related milestones,like walking,earlier,researchers have found A)the children actually matured slower than the global average. B)the children matured at the same rate as the global average. C)the children reached the milestones at an earlier age than children from other cultures. D)the parents showed extreme anxiety if their child developed more slowly than they had expected.

Cross-cultural studies show that children raised in different environments mature at slightly different rates.These variations in rate are likely due to differences in A)the age when infants begin practising motor skills. B)the genes they inherited from their parents. C)educational systems. D)nutrition.

The loss of weak nerve cell connections in the brain is known as A)synaptogenesis. B)myelination. C)neurogenesis. D)synaptic pruning.

The creation of new synaptic connections between neurons is called ___________________,whereas the removal of weak connections is called _______________. A)myelination;neurogenesis B)neurogenesis;myelination C)synaptogenesis;synaptic pruning D)synaptic pruning;synaptogenesis

Times when certain internal and external influences have a major impact on development are called A)fetal periods. B)sensitive periods. C)Piaget's periods. D)assimilation.

Suppose a child were raised by abusive parents who kept her locked in a basement,completely separated from human contact,for the first 7 years of her life.When she was finally rescued,case workers found that it was very difficult to teach her how to communicate.This would be because the child was not exposed to language during the A)sensitive period. B)sensorimotor stage. C)assimilation period. D)concrete operational stage.

A(n)__________ period refers to the optimal time period when the normal development of a particular skill must take place. A)accommodation B)assimilation C)sensitive D)imprinting

Jean Piaget is best known for his pioneering work in the area of ________ development. A)social B)cognitive C)motor D)sensory

The study of the changes in memory,thought,and reasoning processes that occur throughout the lifespan,is called A)gerontology. B)psychopathology. C)child psychology. D)cognitive development.

According to Piaget,the process of absorbing new information into existing beliefs,is called A)theory of mind. B)assimilation. C)conservation. D)accommodation.

According to Piaget,the process of modifying existing cognitive structures in response to experience and new information is called A)theory of mind. B)assimilation . C)conservation. D)accommodation.

According to Piaget,knowledge accumulates and is modified by which two processes? A)sensation and perception B)assimilation and theory of mind C)accommodation and observation D)assimilation and accommodation

Janis sees a bat flying over the lake and says,"Birdie"! Her mother says,"That flies like a bird,Janis,but that is a bat." Janis begins pointing saying,"Bat! Bat! Bat!" Piaget would say that this is an example of A)accommodation. B)preoperational thought. C)assimilation. D)theory of mind.

Jerome has a black,fluffy pet cat.When he encounters a small fluffy black dog,he calls it a "cat".This is an example of Piaget's concept of A)accommodation. B)preoperational thought. C)assimilation. D)theory of mind.

Kisha understands her world by grasping,sucking,and physically handling objects in her path.Kisha is in Piaget's ________ stage of development. A)sensorimotor B)preoperational C)concrete operational D)formal operational

The major developmental milestone of the _______________ stage is the achievement of object permanence. A)preoperational B)sensorimotor C)concrete operational D)formal operational

__________ is a cognitive skill that refers to the understanding that an object continues to exist when it is no longer perceived. A)Theory of mind B)Conservation C)Transitivity D)Object permanence

When her older brother hides behind the sofa,Carmella looks behind the sofa to find him.Carmella appears to have developed A)object permanence. B)theory of mind. C)conservation of number. D)transitivity.

Which of the following is the correct order of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development,from birth to adulthood? A)formal operational,concrete operational,preoperational,sensory motor B)preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational,sensorimotor C)sensorimotor,preoperational,formal operational,concrete operational D)sensorimotor,preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational

Which stage of cognitive development is characterized by understanding of symbols,pretend play,and mastery of the concept of conservation? A)formal operational B)preoperational C)concrete operational D)sensorimotor

Alice is sitting at the table with her son Nikko.She takes his tall glass of milk and pours exactly half of it into a shorter wider glass.Then she says,"Honey,which glass has more milk?" Nikko immediately points to the taller glass.This demonstrates that Nikko has not yet mastered A)theory of mind. B)transitivity. C)object permanence. D)conservation.

Ms.Johnson gave Mark and Tia equal-sized lumps of clay.Tia immediately rolled hers into a long shape.Mark cried and complained that Tia had received more clay.Mark's behaviour represents A)an inability to accommodate. B)an inability to conserve. C)difficulty with formal operational tasks. D)a lack of object permanence.

According to Piaget,a child in the _____________ stage of cognitive development should be able to think in a logical and organized manner,but is likely to have difficulty understanding the more abstract ideas,like those found in algebra. A)formal operational B)preoperational C)concrete operational D)sensorimotor

Hakim and his older sister,Nada,are at the kitchen table working on their homework.Nada reads Hakim one of the questions she's working on,"Imagine you want to test the hypothesis that warm water freezes faster than cold water.Design an experiment to test your hypothesis." Hakim is very confused and doesn't quite understand this approach to thinking.Given this example,Hakim is likely in the ________ stage,while Nada is likely in the _________ stage. A)formal operational;concrete operational B)concrete operational;formal operational C)preoperational;concrete operational D)concrete operational;preoperational

During which of Piaget's stages does a child demonstrate the ability to reason about abstract ideas? A)sensorimotor B)preoperational C)concrete operational D)formal operational

Asking students to predict how the course of Canadian history may have changed if the expulsion of the Acadians had not occurred,would likely be most comprehensively answered by students in which of Piaget's stages? A)sensorimotor B)preoperational C)concrete operational D)formal operational

The core knowledge hypothesis suggests that A)infants have inborn abilities for understanding some key aspects of their environment. B)children do not develop true abstract thinking until after puberty. C)children must first develop an essential set of cognitive skills before they can develop abstract thinking. D)infants and children primarily learn through a process of accommodation and assimilation.

The first time Nova showed a toy panda to her infant son,he appeared very interested and stared at it for a long time.Over time,however,Nova has noticed that her son has become less interested in the toy and only looks at it briefly.This is an example of A)conservation. B)object permanence. C)dishabituation. D)habituation.

Although not all psychologists agree,research using habituation and dishabituation,as discussed in your textbook,suggests that very young infants might A)understand the meaning of some simple words. B)demonstrate object permanence. C)recognize their parents. D)have a rudimentary appreciation for numbers.

Abel's dad is playing with him by shaking a rattle in front of him.After some time,Abel loses interest and stops paying attention.Abel's dad then shows him a sock puppet and Abel is once again captivated.This example demonstrates the concept of A)conservation. B)object permanence. C)dishabituation. D)habituation.

When a child cannot complete a task on their own,but is capable with the help of an adult,the child is said to be A)in the zone of proximal development. B)experiencing a teachable moment. C)demonstrating the core knowledge hypothesis. D)in the formal operational stage of development.

Whereas Piaget saw cognitive development as a result of individual discovery and a child's interaction with objects,Vygotsky attributed cognitive development to A)biological changes in the brain. B)expectations from caregivers. C)completing activities independently,without help from others. D)interaction between a child and skilled people.

Sparrow has just learned how to sound out each written letter in the alphabet.Her teacher,Ms.Lee,wants to use scaffolding to help Sparrow learn to read.What would be a good 'next step' for Ms.Lee to use? A)teach Sparrow how to print the letters she can now sound out B)teach Sparrow how to sound out simple words such as 'cat' and 'bat' C)teach Sparrow the difference between consonants and vowels D)teach Sparrow how to read a consonant and a letter put together such as 'ba' or 'da'

The emotional bond that a newborn baby shares with his or her caregiver(s)is called A)maternal love. B)temperament. C)Harlow's Bond. D)attachment.

Harlow's study of infant rhesus monkeys showed that A)surrogate mothers who were cold to the touch but provided food and water produced the strongest attachment responses. B)surrogate mothers who were soft to the touch but did not provide food and water produced the strongest attachment responses. C)the first surrogate mother to be presented to the infant monkeys,led to the strongest attachment responses. D)surrogate mothers who were inconsistent in providing food and water produced the weakest attachment responses.

In Harlow's studies with young monkeys,the monkeys were exposed to a wire mother with a bottle and a cloth mother without a bottle.The young monkeys spent their non-feeding time A)with the wire mother. B)with both mothers equally. C)with the cloth mother. D)away from both mothers.

Which of the following theories of attachment was effectively discredited by the work of Harry Harlow? A)Babies become attached to adults who are pleasant to touch. B)Babies become attached to adults who provide them with nourishment. C)Babies become attached to adults who smile at them. D)Babies become attached to adults who talk in quiet voices.

Psychologist Mary Ainsworth developed the __________ test in order to assess the different types of attachment that might exist between a child and his or her primary caregiver. A)theory of mind B)separation C)strange situation D)stranger danger

Young Pemba is being observed as he plays in a room with his mother.Pemba plays with the toys in the room,but occasionally looks back at his mother to make sure she is there.When Pemba's mother leaves the room,he becomes moderately upset,but is easily soothed when she returns.Which type of attachment does Pemba seem to have with his mother? A)anxious B)secure C)ambivalent D)avoidant

Piper is playing in the waiting room at the doctor's office with her mother present,although Piper isn't paying much attention to her.Piper does not respond in any way when her mother leaves her in the room with a stranger or when she returns.What type of attachment does Piper likely have? A)anxious B)disorganized C)ambivalent D)avoidant

Which of the following children is most likely to be upset when her father leaves the room? A)Ilsa,who has an anxious attachment to her father B)Nola,who has a secure attachment to her father C)Denia,who has a disorganized attachment to her father D)Lakesha,who has an avoidant attachment to her father

Some children do not demonstrate one consistent attachment style,but instead seem unable to decide how they should react to their caregiver and to new circumstances.Researchers have labeled this the __________ attachment style. A)anxious B)disorganized C)ambivalent D)avoidant

Aziz puts a dot of lipstick on his sons' foreheads and then places them in front of a mirror.His oldest son,Harjit,immediately touches his forehead to investigate the red dot,but his youngest son,Rohan,does not seem to recognize that the baby in the mirror with the dot on his head is him.It appears as though Harjit has developed _________,while Rohan has not. A)egocentrism B)theory of mind C)secure attachment D)self-awareness

According to Piaget,children are predominantly egocentric until the end of the ________ stage of development. A)sensorimotor B)preoperational C)concrete operational D)formal operational

According to Piaget,egocentrism involves A)the perception that others view the world as you do. B)the perception that others view the world differently than you do. C)the perception that you might be incorrect in your judgments. D)the perception that you are better than others.

What is meant by the term "egocentrism"? A)A child lacks the ability to consider perspectives other than his or her own. B)A child is extremely arrogant and feels that he or she is better than others. C)A child is very selfish and refuses to share his or her possessions with others. D)A child lacks the motivation do things for him- or herself and expects them to be done by others.

Piaget mistakenly believed that A)children begin to grasp the concept of object permanence during the sensorimotor stage. B)during the stage of concrete operations,children understand conservation. C)an understanding of self-awareness does not appear until the formal operational stage. D)preoperational children cannot take another person's point of view.

A child's ability to understand that others' thoughts,beliefs,and expectations can differ from his or her own is called A)formal operational thinking. B)accommodation. C)theory of mind. D)egocentrism.

At five years old,Ryker is better able to understand his friends' feelings as compared to when he was three years old.Ryker appears to be developing A)theory of mind. B)egocentrism. C)formal operational thinking. D)self-awareness.

Theorist __________ believed that every stage of life has a conflict in need of resolution. A)Carl Jung B)Erik Erikson C)Lev Vygotsky D)Jean Piaget

According to Erikson,the crisis faced in infancy is A)trust vs.mistrust. B)autonomy vs.shame. C)initiative vs.guilt. D)egocentrism vs.self-awareness.

According to Erikson,an individual who is focused on skill development and knowledge-building,is likely in which stage of development? A)Infancy B)Childhood C)Toddlerhood D)Early childhood

The _______ behavioural system focuses on meeting personal needs for security,while the ___________ behavioural system focuses on meeting the needs of others. A)altruistic;egocentric B)egocentric;altruistic C)care-giving;attachment D)attachment;care-giving

Children whose parents use a conditional approach to parenting,tend to experience greater internal pressure to do well.This concept,known as _______ is linked to unstable self-esteem and poor coping skills. A)insecure attachment B)the care-giving behavioural system C)introjection D)inductive discipline

Research suggests that _________,which involves explaining the consequences of a child's actions,leads to moral development and healthy attachment. A)inductive discipline B)introjection C)conditional approach parenting D)external validation

___________ marks the physical transition from childhood to adolescence. A)Experiencing sexual thoughts and feelings B)Mastering abstract thinking C)Puberty D)Reaching the age of 13

Which of the following is an example of a primary sex characteristic? A)changes in vocal tone B)growth of the breasts C)growth of the genitals D)growth of facial hair

The body's reproductive organs are an example of A)adrenal glands. B)thyroid glands. C)primary sex traits. D)secondary sex traits.

Which is an example of a secondary sex trait? A)onset of menstruation B)ovaries C)voice change D)sperm

Puberty in girls is associated with the onset of A)spermarche. B)menarche. C)delayed gratification. D)egocentricism.

__________ is to girls as __________ is to boys. A)Menarche;spermarche B)Spermarche;menarche C)Puberty;adolescence D)Adolescence;puberty

During menarche,adolescents experience A)the onset of menstruation. B)the first ejaculation. C)voice changes. D)the end of ovulation.

Lamar's friends want him to come out partying with them tonight,but Lamar has a big test tomorrow that he knows he needs to study for.He decides not to join his friends and instead study for the test,knowing that his grades are important for his future.Lamar has demonstrated A)that he is in the concrete operational stage of development. B)the implications of an underdeveloped prefrontal cortex. C)his ability to delay gratification. D)the implications of a well-developed reward system in his limbic area.

Excessive risk taking during adolescence is caused,at least in part,by the fact that the _____________ is not fully developed. A)prefrontal cortex B)amygdala C)hippocampus D)limbic areas

Kohlberg's moral development aligns with Piaget's _________ stage of development,and both forms of development rely on the development of the __________. A)concrete operational;limbic areas B)formal operational;limbic areas C)concrete operational;prefrontal cortex D)formal operational;prefrontal cortex

According to Kohlberg,behaviour motivated by the avoidance of punishment represents ________ morality. A)preconventional B)conventional C)postconventional D)formal conventional

Karla can speed on a certain stretch of the interstate without being ticketed,yet she decides not to speed because it is unlawful.Karla's reasoning reflects ________ moral reasoning. A)preconventional B)conventional C)postconventional D)formal conventional

The highest level of moral reasoning,called __________ morality,is based on internal principles that transcend society. A)conventional B)postconventional C)preconventional D)formal conventional

Young Jamal is asked whether it is right for a police officer to give a speeding ticket to a man who is driving his daughter to the hospital after a serious injury that left her with several broken bones.Which of the following answers would demonstrate the postconventional level of moral reasoning in Jamal? A)"He broke the rules.He should get a ticket,but should have to pay less than someone who was speeding for no good reason." B)"Everyone speeds and he has a good reason,so he shouldn't get a ticket." C)"Speeding is breaking the rules,and when you break the rules you deserve to be punished." D)"The man was trying to get his daughter to help,and he wasn't hurting anyone.As long as he doesn't normally speed,he should be let off with a warning."

A major part of adolescence is the development of a self-image and a perception of one's unique and individual characteristics.This is referred to as one's A)morality. B)ego. C)personality. D)identity.

Raj is questioning who he is,what he wants in life,and what his goals are;Raj is likely experiencing A)a moral crisis. B)social intuition. C)an identity crisis. D)anxious attachment.

Which of the following is true regarding same-sex sexual behaviour during adolescence? A)Females are more likely than males to describe adolescent same-sex experiences as just "experimentation." B)Sexual and emotional interest in members of the same sex generally appears during early childhood. C)A large percentage of adolescents who identify themselves as heterosexual have had at least one sexual experience with a same-sex person. D)The number of sexual experiences during adolescence with members of the same sex are probably over reported.

Researchers believe that ________,the feeling that there is "something wrong with you" can lead to feelings of worthlessness,inferiority,and outbursts of violence. A)shame B)identity confusion C)role confusion D)disgust

Which of the following marks the biological beginning of adulthood according to psychologists? A)the loss of virginity B)turning 18 C)experiencing an identity crisis D)there are no strict biological markers for adulthood

__________ adulthood is a period during which individuals tend to face challenges related to living on their own,starting university or work,and becoming more financially responsible. A)Early B)Emerging C)Transitional D)Middle

The cessation of menstruation is called A)menopause. B)endometriosis. C)menarche. D)spermarche.

According to Erikson's stages,a person who either becomes a productive and engaged member of society or becomes self-absorbed,is experiencing A)intimacy vs.isolation. B)generativity vs.stagnation. C)ego integrity vs.despair. D)industry vs.inferiority.

Compared to unmarried people,people who are married are likely to have A)poorer mental health,but greater physical health. B)lower levels of happiness,but greater health and longer lives. C)greater health,longer lives,and increased happiness. D)similar health,happiness,and life expectancy.

Audrey and Sam are having an argument and Audrey has decided to use 'the silent treatment' as a tactic for showing her anger.Which of the four unproductive approaches to conflict resolution discussed in your text is Audrey displaying? A)criticism B)contempt C)defensiveness D)stonewalling

You don't like a supper your partner has prepared,but you decide to thank your partner for preparing it rather than stating your opinion.Which of the "Four Horsemen of the (Relationship)Apocalypse" have you just avoided? A)criticism B)contempt C)defensiveness D)stonewalling

Your partner says he is hurt that you forgot your anniversary,and you reply,"Well,you forgot it last year!" Which one of the "Four Horseman of the (Relationship)Apocalypse" are you displaying? A)criticism B)contempt C)defensiveness D)stonewalling

The __________ theory describes how older individuals tend to pay more attention to positive experiences than negative ones. A)psychosocial aging B)socioemotional selectivity C)Thich Nnat Hanh D)positive aging

Which of the following is TRUE of dementia? A)Dementia is another name for Alzheimer's disease. B)Dementia is a mild to severe disruption in fine motor skills and gait. C)Dementia is a normal part of aging that affects approximately 71% of all elderly adults. D)Dementia is a mild to severe disruption of mental functioning and memory loss.

One of the theories discussed in your textbook,states that Alzheimer's disease is involves A)the depletion of dopamine in the limbic system. B)the buildup of proteins called plaques and tangles. C)excessive pruning of synaptic connections. D)widespread loss of myelination in the cortex.

One's accumulated knowledge gained over time is called A)crystallized intelligence. B)fluid intelligence. C)concrete intelligence. D)explicit intelligence.

As people move into old age,the speed of cognitive processing A)slows down. B)increases. C)declines at the same rate as crystallized intelligence. D)remains stable.

Which of the following is an older adult most likely to have difficulty remembering? A)how to type on a keyboard without looking B)the name of the telephone's inventor C)how to change the oil on a car D)the specific events that occurred last Thanksgiving

In healthy adults,__________ memory tends to remain stable,while ___________ memory declines with age. A)semantic;working B)procedural;semantic C)episodic;working D)episodic;procedural.