Question 1

Shane is looking at a photograph taken by his friend Lise.The image shows a long straight road,with the edges of the road appearing to converge at the horizon.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

The converging edges of the road illustrate linear perspective, which is a depth cue that suggests distance and three-dimensionality by depicting parallel lines as converging at a vanishing point on the horizon. Interposition involves one object physically blocking another, height in plane refers to the placement of objects at different distances relative to the viewer, and relative size involves interpreting the size of objects in relation to other known objects.

Question 2

When Adler looks at his lamp alternately with his left eye and right eye,the image seems to jump from one position to another.This phenomenon illustrates

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the difference between the images received by each retina due to the slightly different perspectives of the eyes. This difference is greater when an object is closer, causing the eyes to have to converge more, resulting in the perception of depth and three-dimensional vision. When an object appears to jump back and forth when viewed with each eye, it is due to retinal disparity. Therefore, the phenomenon described in the question is an example of retinal disparity.

Question 3

The frequency of a soundwave is perceived as the

Accepted Answer

The frequency of a soundwave is perceived as pitch. The pitch of a sound refers to its highness or lowness and is determined by the frequency of the soundwave.

Question 4

Which of the following depth cues requires the use of both eyes?

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity, which is the slight difference between the images projected onto each retina, requires the use of both eyes to perceive depth accurately. Interposition, motion parallax, and linear perspective can be perceived with just one eye.

Question 5

When viewing a painting,if a bowl of apples appeared to be blocking a vase,the viewer would interpret the vase as being further away than the bowl of apples.This describes the depth cue of

Accepted Answer

Interposition is the depth cue that occurs when one object blocks or overlaps another object, and the blocked object is perceived as being further away. This is illustrated in the example given, where the bowl of apples is blocking the vase and therefore perceived as being closer, while the vase is blocked and perceived as being further away. Light and shadow, linear perspective, and relative size are also depth cues, but they are not applicable in this situation.

Question 6

The ___________ theory states that colour vision is the result of three opposing pairs of colours.

Accepted Answer

The opponent-process theory proposes that colour vision is the result of three opposing pairs of colours: blue/yellow, red/green, and black/white. This theory suggests that we perceive colour not in terms of "pure" colours, but rather in terms of mixtures of these opposing colours.

Question 7

___________ describes the fact that each of our eyes receives a slightly different image of an object.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the difference between the images received by the left and right eyes. This disparity allows for depth perception and the ability to perceive objects in three dimensions. Linear perspective refers to the fact that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance, convergence refers to the inward turning of the eyes when focusing on a nearby object, and interposition refers to the fact that objects closer to us may obstruct the view of objects that are further away. None of these concepts specifically relate to the differences between the images received by each eye.

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding the normal perception of faces?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that faces are processed holistically rather than by their individual components. This means that we perceive the face as a unified whole rather than analyzing each feature separately. This is evident in the fact that even small changes to individual features (e.g. nose or eye shape) can drastically alter our perception of the entire face.

Question 9

The distance cue in which two parallel lines extend into the distance and seem to come together at one point is called

Accepted Answer

Linear perspective is the distance cue in which parallel lines appear to converge at a point in the distance. This cue is often used in art to create the illusion of depth and distance in a two-dimensional image.

Question 10

Loudness is associated with a sound wave's

Accepted Answer

Loudness is directly related to the amplitude of a sound wave. The greater the amplitude (or height) of the wave, the louder the sound will be. Length and pitch are not related to loudness, although frequency can indirectly affect how loud a sound is perceived to be.

Question 11

Visual distance and depth cues that require the use of both eyes are called

Accepted Answer

Binocular cues require the use of both eyes to create a sense of depth and distance, such as convergence (when both eyes turn inward to focus on a nearby object) and binocular disparity (the difference between the images received by each eye). Monocular and pictorial depth cues only require the use of one eye, such as overlapping objects, relative size, and texture gradient. Perceptual cues are a more general term that can refer to any cues that contribute to our perception of the world, including both monocular and binocular cues.

Question 12

The trichromatic theory states that

Accepted Answer

The trichromatic theory suggests that humans have three types of cones, each sensitive to a different range of wavelengths, allowing us to perceive colors. This theory was first proposed by Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz.

Question 13

An increase in the frequency of sound waves will correspond most directly to an increase in

Accepted Answer

An increase in frequency corresponds to an increase in pitch, which is the perceived highness or lowness of a sound. Amplitude is the measure of the strength or intensity of a sound wave, loudness refers to the subjective perception of this strength, and decibels are units used to measure the level of sound pressure.

Question 14

Jaxon spent the morning taking pictures in the small coves of a local lake.What cue is providing the perception of depth when the near objects in his photographs appear much larger than those on the opposite shore of the cove?

Accepted Answer

The cue of relative size is providing the perception of depth in this scenario. When near objects appear larger than objects farther away, it gives the viewer a sense of depth and distance.

Question 15

While riding on a train,David notices that the trees and telephone poles close to the tracks seem to flash by,while the buildings,trees,and mountains that are farther away seem to move by more slowly.This phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described is motion parallax, which refers to the perceived difference in speed and direction of nearby objects versus farther objects, while the observer is in motion. The other options, size constancy and retinal disparity, do not relate to this phenomenon. Motion differential is not a recognized term in psychology or neuroscience.

Question 16

The trichromatic and opponent process theories of colour vision are considered to be complementary because

Accepted Answer

The trichromatic theory explains how the eye's cones detect different wavelengths (colors) at the initial stage, while the opponent-process theory explains how the brain processes these signals at a later stage.

Question 17

Brightness refers to the intensity of light.The corresponding term when discussing sound is

Accepted Answer

The term for the intensity of sound is loudness, similar to brightness for light. Frequency refers to the pitch of the sound, cycles are a unit of measurement for frequency.

Question 18

Ashley stares at a green square;after 30 seconds,she looks at a white sheet of paper.What colour will Ashley perceive?

Accepted Answer

Ashley will perceive the color red because of the afterimage effect. When staring at a color for a prolonged period, the cones in the eye responsible for that color become fatigued. Looking away, the complementary color is perceived, which in the case of green is red.

Question 19

Changing the shape of the lens to focus on objects near or far is called

Accepted Answer

The ability to change the shape of the lens to focus on objects near or far is called accommodation. Convergence refers to the ability of the eyes to turn inward to focus on nearby objects, while constriction and dilation refer to the size of the pupil in response to changes in light intensity.

Question 20

When focusing on a close object that is directly in front of you,eye muscles contract to turn your eyes inward toward the nose.This is called

Accepted Answer

Convergence is the inward turning of the eyes that occurs when focusing on a nearby object. This allows both eyes to maintain their fixation on the object and provides accurate depth perception. Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in images on the retinas of both eyes that provides depth perception, but it is not related to the contraction of the eye muscles. Interposition refers to one object partially blocking another, while relative size refers to the perception that objects of the same size appear smaller when they are farther away.

Quiz 4: C: Sensation and Perception