Understanding Pathophysiology Study Set 3

A nurse recalls that the basic components of DNA are:

Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?

The base components of DNA are:

A DNA strand has a region with the sequence ATCGGAT. Which of the following would be a complementary strand?

A biologist is explaining how RNA directs the synthesis of protein. Which process is the biologist describing?

What is the result of homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis?

A cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes is called a _____ cell.

A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?

The condition in which an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell is called:

After a geneticist talks to a patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means. What should the nurse say?

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

What is a risk factor for Down syndrome?

A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?

What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an XXY chromosome configuration?

A patient demonstrates severe intellectual disability caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 5. What genetic disorder will the nurse see documented in the chart?

An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?

What gene abnormality causes cystic fibrosis?

A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. What is this condition an example of?

A patient, age 9, is admitted to a pediatric unit with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. When planning care, the nurse recalls that the patient inherited this condition through a trait that is:

A child is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. History reveals that the child's parents are siblings. Cystic fibrosis was most likely the result of: