Quiz+ | Quiz 10: Organizational Change and Innovation: Lifelong Challenges for the Exceptional Manager

Q 1

Forces for change may consist of forces inside the organization such as demographic characteristics,technological advancements,shareholder,customer and market changes,and social and political pressures.

Free

True False

False Explanation: Forces for change may consist of forces outside the organization,which include demographic characteristics,technological advancements,shareholder,customer and market changes,and social and political pressures.

Q 2

People are generally uncomfortable about change even in apparently minor matters.

Free

True False

True Explanation: People are generally uncomfortable about change,even change in apparently minor matters.If small changes can cause uneasiness,large changes can cause considerable stress.

Q 3

Jim Collins,researcher of enduring great companies,found that there are five stages of institutional decline which are largely self-inflicted.

Free

True False

True Explanation: Jim Collins,researcher of enduring great companies,found that there are five stages of institutional decline.The stages,which are largely self-inflicted,include stage 1,hubris born of success;stage 2,undisciplined pursuit of more;stage 3,denial of risk and peril;stage 4,grasping for salvation;and stage 5,capitulation to irrelevance or death.

Q 4

The marketplace is becoming less homogeneous and moving toward more niche products.

True False

Q 5

Demassification refers to a trend of customer groups becoming segmented into mass markets and resulting mass communication,mass behavior,and mass values.

True False

Q 6

One of the strengths of Virgin Group Ltd.is its ability to enter new businesses quickly;that is,for fast speed to market.

True False

Q 7

Supertrend is a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market,eventually displacing established competitors.

True False

Q 8

Technology is any machine or process that enables an organization to gain a competitive advantage in changing materials used to produce a finished product.

True False

Q 9

Two supertrends include offshore suppliers changing the way we work;and knowledge,not information,becoming the new competitive advantage.

True False

Q 10

Internal forces for change include demographic characteristics among U.S.workers,social and political pressures,and technological advancements.

True False

Q 11

Reactive change involves making carefully thought-out changes in anticipation of possible or expected problems or opportunities.

True False

Q 12

BP handled the 2010 oil spill crisis in the Gulf of Mexico in a reactive manner.

True False

Q 13

Walt Disney Company's investing $1 billion into a wearable technology that it hopes will revolutionize the way visitors spend money at Walt Disney World,featuring a website ("My Disney Experience")and data-collecting wristbands ("MagicBands")that interact with scanners throughout the 40-square-mile theme park,is an example of proactive change.

True False

Q 14

Resistance to change is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine as subtle as passive resignation and as overt as deliberate sabotage.

True False

Q 15

Resistance to change can be considered to be the interaction of causes such as employee or change-agent characteristics.

True False

Q 16

Employee problems and manager behaviors are internal forces for change in the organization.

True False

Q 17

Lots of people don't like change due to a predisposition toward change,surprise and fear of the unknown,loss of status or job security,and poor timing.

True False

Q 18

An example of an inside force for organizational change is secondhand shops suffering from a recession-induced decline in thrift store donations,even as consumer demand for used goods went through the roof.

True False

Q 19

Employees may resist change to its disruption of cultural traditions or group relationships,personality conflicts,lack of tact or poor timing and nonreinforcing reward systems.

True False

Q 20

Job dissatisfaction within an organization is not a valid indicator that change is needed.

True False

Q 21

During annual inventory week,a department store may ask its employees to work 12 hours a day instead of the usual 8.During tax-preparation time,the store's accounting department may imitate this same change in work hours.Although accounting employees are in a different department from stockroom and sales employees,it's expected they wouldn't be terribly upset by the temporary change in hours since they've seen it in effect elsewhere in the store.This is an example of innovative change.

True False

Q 22

For most organizations,change is hard,and the tools for survival are time and money.

True False

Q 23

An example of innovative change is a department store deciding to adopt a new practice used by competitors by staying open 24 hours a day,requiring employees to work flexible schedules,which may be felt as moderately threatening.

True False

Q 24

In the unfreezing stage,managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change,encouraging them to let go of attitudes and behaviors that are resistant to innovation.For this "unfreezing" to take place,employees need to become dissatisfied with the old way of doing things.Managers also need to reduce the barriers to change during this stage.

True False

Q 25

In the freezing stage,employees need to be helped to integrate the changed attitudes and behavior into their normal ways of doing things.

True False

Q 26

A passive resignation can be a form of resistance to change in the workplace.

True False

Q 27

Trust between change agents and employees can reduce resistance to change.

True False

Q 28

Adaptive change is the least threatening type of change and is therefore least likely to create resistance.

True False

Q 29

Because radically innovative change will be felt as extremely threatening to managers' confidence and employees' job security,it may well tear at the fabric of the organization.

True False

Q 30

Adaptive change is the introduction of a practice that is new to the organization.

True False

Q 31

The most complex,costly,and uncertain kind of change is known as adaptive change.

True False

Q 32

Corporate restructurings threaten to eliminate jobs and generally trigger strong resistance.

True False

Q 33

When radically different changes are introduced without warning,without any official announcements,the office rumor mill will go into high gear,and affected employees will become fearful of the implications of the changes.

True False

Q 34

According to Lewin,for refreezing to take place,people need to become dissatisfied with the old way of doing things.

True False

Q 35

In the changing stage of change of Lewin's change model,employees need to be given new information,perspectives,and models for behavior.

True False

Q 36

Benchmarking is a technique that must be used in the unfreezing stage of Lewin's change model.

True False

Q 37

During the changing stage of Lewin's change model,managers should model the change themselves,as well as coach employees and reinforce the desired behaviors.

True False

Q 38

Kotter's change step of anchoring new approaches in the culture corresponds to unfreezing in Lewin's model.

True False

Q 39

Conflict is inherent in most organizations.

True False

Q 40

OD focuses specifically on people in the change process.

True False

Q 41

Organizational development (OD)is a set of techniques for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective.

True False

Q 42

OD has three steps: diagnosis,intervention,and conflict.

True False

Q 43

The OD process includes three steps: diagnosis,intervention,and evaluation,followed by feedback to further refine the diagnosis.

True False

Q 44

To carry out the diagnosis,OD consultants or managers use some combination of questionnaires,surveys,interviews,meetings,records,and direct observation to ascertain people's attitudes and to identify problem areas.

True False

Q 45

The third step of the OD process is evaluation,which uses employee surveys,interviews,and observation to ascertain initial attitudes and problem areas.

True False

Q 46

Feedback is used to refine the diagnosis after the evaluation step in the OD process.

True False

Q 47

Evaluation,step 2.What Shall We Do about It?,is the treatment step of OD in which problems are corrected.

True False

Q 48

Hard data about absenteeism,turnover,and profitability are used in the evaluation,or step 3,of the OD process.

True False

Q 49

An OD intervention that works in one country should not be blindly applied to a similar situation in another country.

True False

Q 50

In OD,single interventions have been found to work better than multiple interventions.

True False

Q 51

An OD intervention that worked in the United States may not work well in another country.

True False

Q 52

Innovation is the activity of creating new ideas and converting them into useful applications,which is different from invention and creativity.

True False

Q 53

Innovation is mostly the product of hard work and dedication rather than a "eureka" moment of epiphany.

True False

Q 54

A process innovation is a change in the appearance or the performance of a product or a service or the creation of a new one.

True False

Q 55

Blaming,reluctance to experiment,and a self-serving bias can lessen an employee's ability to learn from failure.

True False

Q 56

Wealth and money is one of six seeds of innovation according to Scott Berkun,author of The Myths of Innovation.

True False

Q 57

Process innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived,manufactured,or disseminated.

True False

Q 58

An example of a core innovation is when Procter & Gamble modified a liquid detergent to make it available as a concentrated powder in a pouch.

True False

Q 59

An example of transformational innovation is when Keurig created a new category of coffee/tea preparation by offering cup-at-a-time pod-style brewing.

True False

Q 60

An organizational culture that doesn't just allow but celebrates failure is vital toward fostering innovation.

True False

Q 61

To make innovation happen,you need to recognize problems and opportunities,gain allies,overcome employee resistance,and execute well.

True False

Q 62

Companies are likely to innovate even if the culture and climate do not support it.

True False

Q 63

What finally will make or break an organization's attempts at bringing new products and services to market is execution-the process of discussing hows and whats,of using questioning,analysis,and follow-through to achieve the results promised and ensure accountability.

True False

Q 64

The three most important ways to encourage innovation are by providing the right organizational culture,resources,and reward system.

True False

Q 65

An organizational culture that celebrates failure helps foster innovation.

True False

Q 66

Resistance to change is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine.

True False

Q 67

An employee's resistance is partly based on his or her perception of change,which is influenced by the attitudes and behaviors exhibited by the change agent,and the level of trust between change agent and the employee.

True False

Q 68

Resistance can be considered to be the interaction of three causes: (1)employee characteristics, (2)change agent characteristics,and (3)the supervisor-employee relationship.

True False

Q 69

Which of the following is an effective way to deal with change and innovation? A)Insist on success. B)Increase work rules and hierarchy. C)Copy others' successes. D)Jump right into it. E)Have the courage to follow your ideas.

Multiple Choice

Q 70

According to Jim Collins,undisciplined pursuit of more and grasping for salvation are stages of institutional ___________. A)decline B)change C)intervention D)resistance E)innovation

Multiple Choice

Q 71

Which of the following is not a supertrend shaping the future of business? A)more niche products. B)information becoming a competitive advantage. C)traditional companies struggling with radically innovative change. D)offshore suppliers affecting U.S.business. E)faster speed-to-market.

Multiple Choice

Q 72

A change that is made in response to arising problems or opportunities is called __________. A)radical change B)incremental change C)proactive change D)reactive change E)process change

Multiple Choice

Q 73

Which of the following is an example of a proactive change? A)Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knows there is a problem. B)Ciara's group sent a product that was nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering. C)Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines. D)Ciara is constantly "putting out fires," responding to daily crises in her group. E)Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.

Multiple Choice

Q 74

Walmart's implementation of RFID,a type of technology that allows it to improve inventory tracking,is an example of a(n)______ change. A)reactive B)incremental C)cultural D)responsive E)proactive

Multiple Choice

Q 75

Which of the following is an example of a force for change originating outside the organization? A)productivity issues B)conflict management C)structural reorganization D)social and political pressures E)absenteeism

Multiple Choice

Q 76

The increasing diversity of the American workforce is an example of a(n)______ force for change. A)market B)demographic C)social and political D)political E)economic

Multiple Choice

Q 77

The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork.This is an example of a(n)______ advancement. A)market B)social and political C)technological D)demographical E)economic

Multiple Choice

Q 78

In the Internet Age,retailers like Amazon and Apple are not constrained by physical shelf space and can offer consumers a much wider variety of products,yet small sales,one or two rather than millions of items at a time,can produce big profits.This is an example of __________. A)the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products B)declining population in developed countries C)China becoming the second-largest economic power D)the rise of business-to-business technology E)instant-gratification shopping

Multiple Choice

Q 79

Inside forces for change include which of the following? A)domestic competition B)recession C)advancements in automation D)immigration E)low productivity and turnover

Multiple Choice

Q 80

Social media (LinkedIn,Facebook),used by 98% of recruiters,make finding employees more efficient.This is an example of a(n)__________ advancement or force. A)technological B)social or political C)market D)inside E)demographic

Multiple Choice

Q 81

So-called Millennials (those born after 1980)are vastly different from their parents in their views on everything from technology to politics to marriage to tattoos.This is an example of a ______ force for change. A)social B)demographic C)political D)financial E)structural

Multiple Choice

Q 82

Which of the following is not an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed? A)high turnover B)excessive conflict between managers and employees C)increased competition D)high levels of stress among employees E)Job dissatisfaction

Multiple Choice

Q 83

Firms such as General Motors and McDonald's actively collect information about customer preferences and try to address them in their new products.This reflects __________. A)shareholder,customer,and market changes B)social and political pressures C)human resource concerns D)managers' behavior E)technological advancements

Multiple Choice

Q 84

The human resource manager at Helping Hands Inc.has just calculated that the employee absenteeism rate for 2015 is 15% higher than it was in 2014,and the turnover rate has increased 18% in the same time period.She should consider all but which one of the following options? A)wait until 2016 and see what the rate is then B)deal with possible work overload C)identify causes of job dissatisfaction D)address job design E)identify possible employee role conflicts

Multiple Choice

Q 85

Joan,a new manager,must enforce sales report deadlines,but her team is struggling.She creates a new system to streamline the process and helps everyone understand why the deadlines are important.This is an example of which force for change? A)demographic characteristics B)shareholder,customer,and market changes C)manager's behavior D)human resource concerns E)social and political pressures

Multiple Choice

Q 86

Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using PDAs in their daily patient practice found initial resistance,with some nurses concerned about the cost and short technological life cycle of these devices.This is an example of the __________ stage of change. A)unfreezing B)freezing C)change D)refreezing E)thawing

Multiple Choice

Q 87

Sparkling Clean,Inc.is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs,coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality.This system is new to the organization,an example of __________ change. A)adaptive B)innovative C)familiar D)radically innovative E)highly complex

Multiple Choice

Q 88

Northstar Insurance is about to install a program that will change the way its adjusters settle claims.Adjusters will be able to complete adjustment and issue the check right at the scene of the accident.Although employees are uncertain this can work,other insurance agencies have been successful with this approach.This represents ________. A)motivated change B)innovative change C)adaptive change D)radically innovative change E)refusal to change

Multiple Choice

Q 89

Appliance America customer complaints have increased because its drivers became lost when attempting deliveries and arrived late.The drivers have resisted using GPS systems,claiming they knew their territories.But managers are now encouraging them to look for the best solution.Appliance America is in the ________ stage of Lewin's change model. A)changing B)unfreezing C)evaluation D)learning E)refreezing

Multiple Choice

Q 90

________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine. A)Change agent B)Benchmarking C)OD intervention D)Radical innovation E)Resistance to change

Multiple Choice

Q 91

Which of the following is not an interacting factor that affects the level of resistance to change? A)gender of the change agent B)employee characteristics and perceptions of change C)individual differences of the change agent D)change agent-employee relationship E)change agent actions and inactions

Multiple Choice

Q 92

The two co-founders of Network Appliance,a data-storage firm in Sunnyvale,California,were feuding with each other because one founder couldn't stick to his decisions,which drove the other founder crazy.A(n)____________ began working with the warring executives in separate sessions to solve the problem. A)organizational behavior specialist B)family doctor C)informational technologist D)acquisition consultant E)labor relations specialist

Multiple Choice

Q 93

Employees are likely to see an adaptive change as __________. A)highly threatening B)moderately threatening C)least threatening D)significantly complex,costly,and uncertain E)totally unacceptable

Multiple Choice

Q 94

During December at Toys For Tiny Tots,employees know that they are generally required to work different schedules,weekends,and often with overtime to support the holiday shopping season.This is an example of a(n)______ change. A)reactive B)adaptive C)innovative D)incremental E)radically innovative

Multiple Choice

Q 95

As owner and senior accountant at a tax preparation firm,Mark is changing the work schedule of all employees,including managers and accountants,for the months of March and April,the company's busiest time.He is requiring work on weekends for everyone,using the same basic schedule as last two years.Mark should expect that his employees will be __________. A)terribly upset and quit B)moderately upset but not willing to quit C)moderately upset and complain D)hardly upset or not upset at all E)terribly upset but not quit

Multiple Choice

Q 96

____________ is a change that represents the introduction of a new practice to an organization but one that is not new to the industry. A)Proactive change B)Adaptive change C)Innovative change D)Reactive change E)Radically innovative change

Multiple Choice

Q 97

An innovative change involves ______ complexity,cost,and uncertainty. A)no B)minimum C)hidden D)moderate E)extreme

Multiple Choice

Q 98

Teachers Credit Union has decided that tellers must rotate through a new weekend shift on Saturday afternoons since several of its financial competitors have recently begun to offer additional hours to customers.This is a(n)______ change. A)radically innovative B)reactive C)adaptive D)proactive E)innovative

Multiple Choice

Q 99

Introducing a practice that is new to the industry is called a(n)______ change. A)revolutionary B)adaptive C)radically innovative D)reactive E)innovative

Multiple Choice

Q 100

Links Cable Network has decided to offer an one-hour appointment window for customers needing installation or repair of its service,which will require the company to have several technicians on call.Links hopes this practice will give it an advantage over the competition,none of which have adopted such a practice.It is introducing a(n)______ change. A)reactive B)innovative C)radically innovative D)adaptive E)active

Multiple Choice

Q 101

Which of the following is not a leading reason that employees resist change? A)individual predisposition toward change B)lack of personal ethics C)fear of failure D)climate of mistrust E)nonreinforcing reward systems

Multiple Choice

Q 102

Lewin's change model consists of __________. A)three stages: unfreezing,changing,and refreezing B)three forces: employee characteristics,change agent characteristics,and change agent-employee relationships C)four steps: recognize problems,gain allies,overcome resistance,and execute D)three types: adaptive,innovative,and radically innovative E)three steps: diagnosis,intervention,and evaluation

Multiple Choice

Q 103

During Lewin's changing stage,managers should __________. A)reduce the barriers to change B)make employees dissatisfied with the present situation C)reinforce the desired change D)give employees new information,perspectives,and models for behavior E)encourage employees to exhibit the new change

Multiple Choice

Q 104

During Lewin's refreezing stage,managers should __________. A)make employees dissatisfied with the present way of doing things B)give employees the tools for change C)provide benchmarking results D)encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees E)reduce the barriers to change

Multiple Choice

Q 105

_______ is the process by which a company compares its performance with that of high-performing organizations. A)Reference innovation B)Benchmarking C)Competitive change D)Continuous improvement E)Radical innovation

Multiple Choice

Q 106

After Mary's Gifts and Cards surveyed its customers,it discovered that its customers preferred the company's competition more than 70% of the time.The most frequently cited reason was customer service.This information will be most helpful to introduce to her employees during which stage of Lewin's change model? A)stabilizing B)continuous improvement C)unfreezing D)changing E)refreezing

Multiple Choice

Q 107

Kotter proposed which of the following for organization change? A)eight steps for leading organizational change B)three types of innovation: adaptive,innovative,and radically innovative C)a three stage model: unfreezing,changing,and refreezing D)a three-step model: diagnosis,intervention,and evaluation E)ten reasons employees resist change

Multiple Choice

Q 108

_____________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective. A)Corporate transformation B)Organizational development C)Revitalization D)Continuous improvement E)Incremental innovation

Multiple Choice

Q 109

Organizational development is often put into practice by a __________. A)transformative consultant B)catalytic consultant C)counselor D)change agent E)training specialist

Multiple Choice

Q 110

Which of the following is not one of the primary uses of OD? A)adapting to a merger B)improving recruitment C)managing conflict D)revitalizing an organization E)adapting to an acquisition

Multiple Choice

Q 111

In which of the following situations would OD techniques be the most helpful? A)increasing efficiency among employees in a firm B)helping employees from two similar organizations work better together in a strategic alliance C)dealing with employee stress that comes from changing behaviors or from adapting to mergers D)facilitating discussion of ethical issues in preparing a company's code of ethics E)working with the CEO to determine how to increase profitability

Multiple Choice

Q 112

As an OD consultant,Sharon is designing a survey of employee attitudes to be given to workers at SW Emergency Clinic.By collecting this information,Sharon is conducting the ______ stage of OD. A)unfreezing B)intervention C)evaluation D)diagnosis E)refreezing

Multiple Choice

Q 113

"What shall we do about the problem?" is the question that would most likely be asked during the ______ stage of OD. A)changing B)diagnosis C)feedback D)treatment or intervention E)evaluation

Multiple Choice

Q 114

Omar,an OD consultant,is working with members of a cross-functional team to build cohesiveness and practice skills to function better as a team.Omar is conducting the ______ stage of OD. A)feedback B)diagnosis C)evaluation D)changing E)treatment or intervention

Multiple Choice

Q 115

A year after she assisted them in making changes to an employee incentive plan,Kara,an OD consultant,is visiting Thomas Engineering to determine if the changes were helpful.Kara will compare sales and turnover data from the last three years to the current year.Kara is in the ______ stage of OD. A)refreezing B)intervention C)diagnosis D)evaluation E)adaptation

Multiple Choice

Q 116

Which of the following circumstances is unlikely to increase the success of OD? A)consideration of cross-cultural differences B)single intervention C)top management support D)goals geared to short term results E)goals geared to long term results

Multiple Choice

Q 117

Which of the following is the factor that most reduces an organization's ability to learn from failure? A)employees who like to experiment with multiple solutions. B)employees who blame others for failure. C)employees with a strong desire to acquire personal wealth. D)employees who embrace a learning culture. E)employees with a high tolerance for ambiguity.

Multiple Choice

Q 118

Which of the following is not one of Scott Berkun's seeds of innovation for organizations? A)hard work in a specific direction B)curiosity C)necessity D)wealth and money E)philanthropy

Multiple Choice

Q 119

A technological innovation that improves the performance and speed of a computer's operating system would be considered a(n)______ innovation. A)adaptive B)transformational C)personnel D)product E)process

Multiple Choice

Q 120

A(n)______ innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived,manufactured,or disseminated. A)procedural B)process C)product D)transformational E)adaptive

Multiple Choice

Q 121

A managerial innovation that improves the efficiency of a company's cross-functional teams would be considered a ______ innovation. A)product B)process C)core D)transformational E)practical

Multiple Choice

Q 122

The management department at a local university began posting all assignments and other class materials to a course management website instead of creating a packet for students to purchase each term.This is a ______ innovation. A)process B)product C)policy D)breakthrough E)reactive

Multiple Choice

Q 123

The creation of products,services,or technologies that modify those that already exist is called ______ innovation. A)radical B)product C)process D)incremental E)adaptive

Multiple Choice

Q 124

Researchers working on hydrogen fuel cells hope that this could be a(n)______ innovation,leading to a clean,renewable energy source,and reducing dependence on depleting fossil fuels with their adverse impact on the global environment. A)incremental B)radical C)process D)product E)disruptive

Multiple Choice

Q 125

Personal Care Products recently introduced a new acai berry shampoo.Rinn,director of new product development,has just reviewed the dismal results.As it appears that his team adequately researched the product's acceptance by consumers prior to its introduction,he is confused by the outcome.But to keep his team open to innovation,Rinn should __________. A)step down as director B)fire and replace the team lead as an example to others C)acknowledge the team for their effort D)ignore the product failure E)demote the team leader

Multiple Choice

Q 126

Which of the following is not a way to encourage innovation? A)creating a culture that celebrates failure. B)supporting innovation with investments of time and money. C)withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out. D)reinforcing experimentation. E)implementing effective reward systems.

Multiple Choice

Q 127

Four steps to making innovation happen within an organization include all of the following except ____. A)recognize problems and opportunities and devise solutions B)gain allies by communicating your vision C)overcome employee resistance D)execute well E)punish failures

Multiple Choice

Q 128

Which of the following sequences best describes how a manager can foster innovation in an organization? A)devise solutions,reorganize,change culture,stabilize system B)recognize problems,overcome resistance,gain allies,penalize failures C)overcome resistance,empower employees,execute well,provide incentives D)recognize problems,train employees,devise solutions,execute well E)recognize problems,gain allies,overcome resistance,execute well

Multiple Choice

Q 129

Describe at least three supertrends that are occurring in business that are likely to result in changes in many industries.Provide an example of each.

Essay

Q 130

Describe the difference between proactive and reactive change.Contrast how managers act in each type.Which type of change is better?

Essay

Q 131

Give examples of two forces outside an organization and two forces inside that would be likely indicators of a need for change.

Essay

Q 132

Explain how a change agent can impact resistance to change within an organization.

Essay

Q 133

Describe Lewin's change model.Suppose your college or university wanted to make a major change in some important aspect of student life at your school.How should the college or university use Lewin's model to guide its actions?

Essay

Q 134

Describe what OD is and what it can be used for.

Essay

Q 135

Explain how the OD process works.Suppose you were a student member of your college's or university's committee that was attempting to study why an excessive number of students drop out of your college.Give examples of activities your task force might take in each stage of its OD process.

Essay

Q 136

Under what circumstances is OD most likely to be successful?

Essay

Q 137

Describe the four types of innovation.Give an example of each.

Essay

Q 138

Describe the three factors that companies can use to encourage innovation.

Essay

Q 139

Describe the four steps to foster innovation.

Essay

Q 140

List at least five of ten reasons employees resist change.

Essay

Q 141

What is the difference between a product innovation and a process innovation?

Essay

Q 142

What are two myths about innovation?

Essay

Q 143

What are the differences between innovation,invention,and creativity?

Essay

Q 144

Describe the three stages of Kurt Lewin's change model.

Essay

Q 145

The starting point for organizational innovation involves the six seeds of innovation.List at least four of the six seeds of innovation.

Essay

Q 146

Describe how John Kotter's model corresponds with Kurt Lewin's change model.

Essay

Q 147

Describe resistance to change and the causes of resistance.

Essay

Q 148

List four ways to deal with change and innovation.If you were going to instill a culture of innovation in a company you worked for,what kinds of things would you do?

Essay