Question 1

The medulla and pons are similar in that they both are ____________.
A)involved in respiration
B)involved in sleep
C)involved in regulating heart rate
D)part of the midbrain

Accepted Answer

Both the medulla and pons are involved in the regulation of respiration.

Question 2

The reticular formation does NOT play a major role in
A)consciousness, sleep and attention
B)protecting individuals from over stimulation
C)monitoring the flow of messages into and out of the brain
D)coordinating muscle movements

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is primarily involved in regulating consciousness, sleep, attention, and filtering sensory input, but it does not play a major role in coordinating muscle movements, which is primarily the function of the cerebellum and motor cortex.

Question 3

The structure of the human brain can be said to mirror evolutionary development because the _____________.
A)older structures of the human brain are responsible for the more complex brain functions, such as thinking and creativity
B)more recently developed structures of the brain are responsible for the basic life functions, such as breathing and heart rate
C)more recently developed brain structures are built atop the older brain structures
D)older brain structures are built atop the more recently developed brain structures

Accepted Answer

The human brain's structure reflects evolutionary development because the more recently developed brain structures are built atop the older brain structures. This layering reflects the brain's evolution over time, with foundational functions located in the older, deeper parts of the brain, and more complex functions, like reasoning and planning, controlled by the newer parts of the brain.

Question 4

The specific brain structure concerned primarily with timing and muscular coordination, as well as learning and memory, is the _____________.
A)medulla
B)cerebellum
C)pons
D)hindbrain

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that is primarily concerned with timing and muscular coordination, as well as playing a significant role in learning and memory.

Question 5

Ron is asked to solve a puzzle as the physician scans his brain using positron emission tomography (PET). The physician is measuring the brain's ___________.
A)consumption of glucose
B)consumption of oxygen
C)consumption of fat
D)electrical activity

Accepted Answer

PET scans measure the brain's consumption of glucose, as they track the uptake of a radioactive glucose analog to assess brain activity.

Question 6

The function of the basal ganglia is the
A)coordination of opposite side muscle movement
B)deliberate and voluntary control of movement
C)regulation of sleep and arousal
D)organization of emotional and motivational behaviours

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia are primarily involved in the control and regulation of voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, routine behaviors or "habits" such as bruxism, eye movements, cognition, and emotion. Among these functions, the most directly related to the options provided is the deliberate and voluntary control of movement.

Question 7

After falling from a height and hitting the back of his head on the ground, a man lapses into a permanent coma. Which part of his brain has most likely been damaged?
A)Thalamus
B)Medulla
C)Reticular formation
D)Cerebellum

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is involved in regulating wakefulness and sleep-wake transitions. Damage to this area can result in a coma.

Question 8

As well as its function in the central nervous system, the hypothalamus also plays an important role in the endocrine system because of its connection with the ____________.
A)thalamus
B)pons
C)adrenal glands
D)pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland, which is a crucial part of the endocrine system. This connection allows the hypothalamus to regulate the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland, influencing various bodily functions.

Question 9

The only sense that does not send information through the thalamus is the sense of ___________.
A)vision
B)hearing
C)touch
D)smell

Accepted Answer

The sense of smell, or olfaction, is unique among the senses because it is the only one that does not send its information through the thalamus before it reaches the cerebral cortex. Instead, olfactory information is directly transmitted to the olfactory bulb, which is part of the brain's limbic system.

Question 10

Police officers try to determine if a driver is drunk by giving him/her tests of coordination. That is because alcohol disrupts _____________ function.
A)reticular formation
B)pons
C)cerebellum
D)medulla

Accepted Answer

Alcohol disrupts the function of the cerebellum, which is responsible for coordination and balance, explaining why tests of coordination are used to determine if a driver is drunk.

Question 11

After Joe fell and hit the back of his head, his movements have been fairly uncoordinated and he has not been able to acquire any new skills that require automatic movement. Joe most likely had damage to his ____________.
A)medulla
B)reticular formation
C)pons
D)cerebellum

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. Damage to the cerebellum can result in uncoordinated movement and difficulties with learning new motor skills, which matches Joe's symptoms.

Question 12

The amygdala organizes emotional and motivational behaviours, especially those linked to ___________.
A)thought and reason
B)euphoria and humor
C)sadness and depression
D)aggression and fear

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is particularly known for its role in processing emotions related to aggression and fear, making it central to how individuals respond to threatening situations.

Question 13

The type of cortex involved in mental processes such as thought, memory, and perception is called the _____________ cortex.
A)limbic
B)motor
C)sensory
D)association

Accepted Answer

The association cortex is involved in complex mental processes such as thought, memory, and perception, integrating information from different sensory modalities.

Question 14

The ___________ receives input that gives rise to sensations of heat, touch, cold, balance, and body movement and is located in the parietal lobe.
A)somatic sensory cortex
B)parietal lobe
C)motor cortex
D)temporal lobe

Accepted Answer

The somatic sensory cortex, located in the parietal lobe, is responsible for processing sensory input related to heat, touch, cold, balance, and body movement.

Question 15

A blow to the back of the head can be fatal if it damages the ___________.
A)medulla
B)cerebellum
C)occipital lobe
D)reticular formation

Accepted Answer

The medulla, located in the brainstem, controls vital functions such as heart rate and breathing. Damage to this area can be life-threatening.

Question 16

The brain's sensory switchboard is ___________________.
A)medulla
B)hypothalamus
C)thalamus
D)hippocampus

Accepted Answer

The thalamus acts as the brain's sensory switchboard, receiving sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate areas of the brain for processing.

Question 17

A male rat has a particular area of its brain destroyed and is no longer interested in engaging in sexual behaviours. It is most likely that the site of damage in the rat's brain is in the _____________.
A)hippocampus
B)thalamus
C)hypothalamus
D)amygdala

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating sexual behaviors among many other functions related to homeostasis and the endocrine system. Damage to this area can disrupt normal sexual behavior in animals.

Question 18

Sarah injures her head falling off of a ladder and then is unable to remember recent events that have happened since her fall. Damage to which brain area is most likely responsible for her memory difficulties?
A)thalamus
B)hippocampus
C)amygdala
D)hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is crucial for the formation of new memories. Damage to this area can result in difficulties in creating new memories or in recalling recent events, which aligns with Sarah's symptoms.

Question 19

The cortex that is responsible for the control of approximately 600 muscles involved in voluntary bodily movements is called the __________ cortex.
A)sensory
B)motor
C)association
D)occipital

Accepted Answer

The motor cortex is responsible for the control of voluntary bodily movements, including the coordination of approximately 600 muscles.

Question 20

The structure that plays a major role in emotional and motivational behaviours, including sexual behaviour, temperature regulation, sleeping, eating, drinking, and fighting or fleeing is the ______________.
A)thalamus
B)limbic system
C)hippocampus
D)hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in controlling emotional and motivational behaviors, including those related to sexual behavior, temperature regulation, sleeping, eating, drinking, and the fight-or-flight response.

Quiz 3: Biological Foundations of Behaviour

The medulla and pons are similar in that they both are ____________.

The reticular formation does NOT play a major role in

The structure of the human brain can be said to mirror evolutionary development because the _____________.

The specific brain structure concerned primarily with timing and muscular coordination, as well as learning and memory, is the _____________.

Ron is asked to solve a puzzle as the physician scans his brain using positron emission tomography (PET) . The physician is measuring the brain's ___________.

The function of the basal ganglia is the

After falling from a height and hitting the back of his head on the ground, a man lapses into a permanent coma. Which part of his brain has most likely been damaged?

As well as its function in the central nervous system, the hypothalamus also plays an important role in the endocrine system because of its connection with the ____________.

The only sense that does not send information through the thalamus is the sense of ___________.

Police officers try to determine if a driver is drunk by giving him/her tests of coordination. That is because alcohol disrupts _____________ function.

After Joe fell and hit the back of his head, his movements have been fairly uncoordinated and he has not been able to acquire any new skills that require automatic movement. Joe most likely had damage to his ____________.

The amygdala organizes emotional and motivational behaviours, especially those linked to ___________.

The type of cortex involved in mental processes such as thought, memory, and perception is called the _____________ cortex.

The ___________ receives input that gives rise to sensations of heat, touch, cold, balance, and body movement and is located in the parietal lobe.

A blow to the back of the head can be fatal if it damages the ___________.

The brain's sensory switchboard is ___________________.

A male rat has a particular area of its brain destroyed and is no longer interested in engaging in sexual behaviours. It is most likely that the site of damage in the rat's brain is in the _____________.

Sarah injures her head falling off of a ladder and then is unable to remember recent events that have happened since her fall. Damage to which brain area is most likely responsible for her memory difficulties?

The cortex that is responsible for the control of approximately 600 muscles involved in voluntary bodily movements is called the __________ cortex.

The structure that plays a major role in emotional and motivational behaviours, including sexual behaviour, temperature regulation, sleeping, eating, drinking, and fighting or fleeing is the ______________.