Question 1

Distinguish between groups,aggregates,and categories from a sociological perspective.

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Question 2

What characterizes smart working? What are the strengths and weaknesses of this approach?

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Question 3

Explain what is meant by groupthink and elaborate on reasons why it can be dangerous for organizations.

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Question 4

In relation to types of groups,describe sociologist Charles Horton Cooley's theory on primary and
secondary groups.

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Question 5

Compare the U.S.and Japanese models of organization.

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Question 6

Describe the iron law of oligarchy and explain why bureaucratic hierarchies and oligarchies go hand in hand.

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Question 7

Distinguish between the two functions of leadership and the three major styles of group leadership.

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Question 8

Jeremy works in an office where he has a lot of freedom and autonomy because his organization values creativity,collaboration and problems solving.He is engaged in
A)smart working
B)a socially sustainable organization
C)a humanized bureaucracy
D)the iron law of oligarchy

Accepted Answer

Jeremy's work environment, which emphasizes creativity, collaboration, and problem-solving with autonomy, aligns with the concept of smart working, which focuses on flexibility and employee empowerment.

Question 9

Which type of organizational form can be expected to grow in the future due to increased attention to the way that corporations and other organizations contribute to the wide gulf between the "haves" and the "have-nots?"
A)oligarchies
B)bureaucracies
C)socially sustainable organizations
D)authoritarian organizations

Accepted Answer

With increased attention on social responsibility, socially sustainable organizations appear to be the best choice for growth in the future. These types of organizations focus on making a positive impact on the environment and society while still earning a profit. This approach could help to close the gap between the "haves" and the "have-nots" by creating a more equitable and sustainable economy.

Question 10

Describe dyads and triads and explain the phenomena of changes in interaction patterns.

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Question 11

Summarize Max Weber's perspective on rationality and outline his ideal characteristics of
bureaucracy.

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Question 12

Compare normative,coercive,and utilitarian organizations and describe the nature of membership in each.

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Question 13

Describe the experiments of Stanley Milgram and explain their contributions to our understanding about obedience to authority.

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Question 14

Define networks and describe how they have changed over time.

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Question 15

Discuss the major shortcomings of bureaucracies and their effects on workers,clients or customers,and levels of productivity.

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Question 16

Define ingroup,outgroup,and reference group,and provide examples to illustrate your definitions.

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Question 17

Describe the informal structure in bureaucracies and list its positive and negative aspects.

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Question 18

Define primary and secondary groups and describe how these concepts relate to one another.

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Question 19

A(n)______________is a collection of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time but share little else in common.
A)social group
B)category
C)aggregate
D)primary group

Accepted Answer

An aggregate refers to a group of individuals who are in the same location but do not necessarily interact or have anything in common. While they may share some characteristics (such as being in the same geographic location), they do not share a specific goal, interest, or values like social groups or primary groups do. Categories are similarly broad and refer to people who share some characteristic but do not necessarily interact or have a sense of group identity. Primary groups, on the other hand, are characterized by close, intimate, and personal relationships.

Question 20

Unlike workers in the United States,if Becky worked for a Japanese company,she would most likely be:
A)job shopping and job hopping
B)promoted according to her contributions to the company
C)loyal to the company and not go job shopping
D)trying to outperform others in order to get a higher salary

Accepted Answer

Japanese company culture emphasizes loyalty to the company and long-term employment over job hopping or trying to outperform others for a higher salary. Promotion is often based on seniority and contributions to the company, rather than individual performance.

Quiz 6: Groups and Organizations