Question 1

U.S.President John F.Kennedy's economic advisor Walt W.Rostow suggested that all countries go through four stages of economic development.He stated that the second stage is the take-off stage-a period of economic growth accompanied by a growing belief in individualism,competition,and achievement.

Accepted Answer

Walt W. Rostow did suggest that all countries go through four stages of economic development, and the second stage is indeed referred to as the take-off stage, characterized by economic growth and a growing belief in individualism, competition, and achievement.

Question 2

As compared with lower-middle-income economies,nations having upper-middle-income economies typically have a somewhat higher standard of living.

Accepted Answer

Upper-middle-income economies typically have a higher gross national income per capita and more developed infrastructure, leading to a higher standard of living compared to lower-middle-income economies.

Question 3

Global stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth,power,and prestige on a global basis,resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately defines global stratification as the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige on a global level, leading to significant disparities in lifestyles and opportunities both within and between nations.

Question 4

According to sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory,the capitalist world economy is a global system divided into a hierarchy of three major types of nations in which upward or downward mobility is conditioned by the resources and obstacles that characterize the international system.

Accepted Answer

Wallerstein's world systems theory does propose the existence of a global capitalist economy divided into a hierarchy of nations, and mobility within this hierarchy is determined by various factors including access to resources and international obstacles.

Question 5

In 1960,the wealthiest 20 percent of the world population had more than 30 times the income of the poorest 20 percent of the world population;by 2005,the wealthiest 20 percent of the world population had almost 85 times the income of the poorest 20 percent of the world population.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true according to the data provided.

Question 6

According to modernization theory,the high-income,more-developed nations can improve their standard of living only with a period of intensive economic growth and accompanying changes in people's beliefs,values,and attitudes toward work.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory suggests that less-developed nations can improve their standard of living through economic growth and changes in cultural values, not high-income nations.

Question 7

The 2008 U.S.financial crisis led to a global recession,which spread from high-income economies to lower-income economies.The economic slowdown particularly harmed countries located in the sub-Saharan Africa.

Accepted Answer

The 2008 U.S. financial crisis did lead to a global recession, which affected both high and low-income economies. However, sub-Saharan African countries were particularly harmed by the economic slowdown due to their dependence on commodity exports, reduced foreign investment, decreased aid, and decreased demand from trading partners.

Question 8

According to social scientists,absolute poverty exists when people may be able to afford basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living;it is measured by comparing the actual income against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.

Accepted Answer

According to social scientists, absolute poverty exists when people cannot afford basic necessities such as food, housing, and clothing. It is measured by comparing actual income against a predetermined poverty line, not against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.

Question 9

Analysts using a development framework typically view industrialization and economic development as essential steps that nations must go through in order to reduce poverty and increase life chances for their citizens.

Accepted Answer

Analysts typically view industrialization and economic development as crucial for reducing poverty and improving the lives of citizens. A development framework often emphasizes the importance of economic growth and modernization in achieving these goals.

Question 10

The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about 10 years less than that of people in very high-income countries;moreover,the life expectancy of people in low-income countries is as much as 20 years less than that of people in very high-income countries.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately reflects the disparities in life expectancy between countries with different income levels.

Question 11

According to the United Nations,women constitute about 40 percent of those who are illiterate.Literacy is crucial for women because it has been closely linked to increases in fertility,improved child health,and decreased earnings potential.

Accepted Answer

Literacy is crucial for women because it is linked to decreases in fertility, improved child health, and increased earnings potential, not the opposite.

Question 12

Less than one-third of the residents of middle-income economy nations live in poverty.

Accepted Answer

The statement is incorrect. Middle-income economy nations have a higher proportion of people living in poverty compared to high-income economy nations. According to the World Bank, as of 2015, about 71% of people in middle-income countries lived on less than $5.50 a day.

Question 13

Low-income countries are primarily hunting and gathering nations with some industrialization and moderate levels of national and personal income.

Accepted Answer

Low-income countries are generally defined as those with a gross national income (GNI) per capita of $1,025 or less in 2019. These countries may have a mix of economic activities, including agriculture, manufacturing, and services, but they tend to be less developed and have lower levels of national and personal income compared to middle- and high-income countries. Hunting and gathering is not a primary economic activity in low-income countries.

Question 14

Nations with high-income economies continue to dominate the world economy,despite capital flight (the movement of jobs and economic resources from one nation to another)and deindustrialization (closing plants and factories because of their obsolescence).

Accepted Answer

This statement is true as high-income economies continue to hold significant economic power despite challenges such as capital flight and deindustrialization.

Question 15

Ideas regarding underdevelopment were popularized by President Kennedy in his 1949 inaugural address.He stated that nations in the Southern Hemisphere were "underdeveloped areas" because of their low gross national product.

Accepted Answer

President Kennedy did not give his inaugural address until 1961, and he did not use the term "underdeveloped areas" in that speech. The idea of underdevelopment as a concept was developed later by economists such as Raul Prebisch and Gunnar Myrdal.

Question 16

In 1990,the United Nations Development Program introduced the Human Development Index (HDI),establishing three new criteria-in addition to gross domestic product (GDP)-for measuring the level of development in a country: life expectancy,health,and education.

Accepted Answer

The United Nations Development Program did indeed introduce the Human Development Index (HDI) in 1990, which includes the criteria of life expectancy, health, education, in addition to GDP, to measure the level of development in a country.

Question 17

Today,gross national income (GNI)is a term that refers to all the goods and services produced in a country in a given year,plus the net income earned outside the country by individuals or corporations.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of gross national income (GNI). It reflects the total economic output of a country, including income earned by its citizens or corporations outside of the country's borders.

Question 18

The new international division of labor theory states that the poorer nations are trapped in a cycle of structural dependency on the richer nations due to their need for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The new international division of labor theory...

Question 19

First World nations consisted of the rich,industrialized nations that primarily have capitalistic economic systems and democratic political systems.

Accepted Answer

This is an accurate description of First World nations.

Question 20

About one­third of the world's population lives in the fifty­two low­income economies,where most
people engage in agricultural pursuits,reside in nonurban areas,and are impoverished.

Accepted Answer

As of the latest data, low-income economies are fewer than fifty-two, and they do not encompass one-third of the world's population. The majority of the world's population lives in middle-income countries.

Quiz 9: Global Stratification

U.S.President John F.Kennedy's economic advisor Walt W.Rostow suggested that all countries go through four stages of economic development.He stated that the second stage is the take-off stage-a period of economic growth accompanied by a growing belief in individualism,competition,and achievement.

As compared with lower-middle-income economies,nations having upper-middle-income economies typically have a somewhat higher standard of living.

Global stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth,power,and prestige on a global basis,resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world.

According to sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory,the capitalist world economy is a global system divided into a hierarchy of three major types of nations in which upward or downward mobility is conditioned by the resources and obstacles that characterize the international system.

In 1960,the wealthiest 20 percent of the world population had more than 30 times the income of the poorest 20 percent of the world population;by 2005,the wealthiest 20 percent of the world population had almost 85 times the income of the poorest 20 percent of the world population.

According to modernization theory,the high-income,more-developed nations can improve their standard of living only with a period of intensive economic growth and accompanying changes in people's beliefs,values,and attitudes toward work.

The 2008 U.S.financial crisis led to a global recession,which spread from high-income economies to lower-income economies.The economic slowdown particularly harmed countries located in the sub-Saharan Africa.

According to social scientists,absolute poverty exists when people may be able to afford basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living;it is measured by comparing the actual income against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.

Analysts using a development framework typically view industrialization and economic development as essential steps that nations must go through in order to reduce poverty and increase life chances for their citizens.

The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about 10 years less than that of people in very high-income countries;moreover,the life expectancy of people in low-income countries is as much as 20 years less than that of people in very high-income countries.

According to the United Nations,women constitute about 40 percent of those who are illiterate.Literacy is crucial for women because it has been closely linked to increases in fertility,improved child health,and decreased earnings potential.

Less than one-third of the residents of middle-income economy nations live in poverty.

Low-income countries are primarily hunting and gathering nations with some industrialization and moderate levels of national and personal income.

Nations with high-income economies continue to dominate the world economy,despite capital flight (the movement of jobs and economic resources from one nation to another)and deindustrialization (closing plants and factories because of their obsolescence).

Ideas regarding underdevelopment were popularized by President Kennedy in his 1949 inaugural address.He stated that nations in the Southern Hemisphere were "underdeveloped areas" because of their low gross national product.

In 1990,the United Nations Development Program introduced the Human Development Index (HDI),establishing three new criteria-in addition to gross domestic product (GDP)-for measuring the level of development in a country: life expectancy,health,and education.

Today,gross national income (GNI)is a term that refers to all the goods and services produced in a country in a given year,plus the net income earned outside the country by individuals or corporations.

The new international division of labor theory states that the poorer nations are trapped in a cycle of structural dependency on the richer nations due to their need for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.

First World nations consisted of the rich,industrialized nations that primarily have capitalistic economic systems and democratic political systems.

About onethird of the world's population lives in the fiftytwo lowincome economies,where most people engage in agricultural pursuits,reside in nonurban areas,and are impoverished.

Quiz 9: Global Stratification

U.S.President John F.Kennedy's economic advisor Walt W.Rostow suggested that all countries go through four stages of economic development.He stated that the second stage is the take-off stage-a period of economic growth accompanied by a growing belief in individualism,competition,and achievement.

As compared with lower-middle-income economies,nations having upper-middle-income economies typically have a somewhat higher standard of living.

Global stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth,power,and prestige on a global basis,resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world.

In 1960,the wealthiest 20 percent of the world population had more than 30 times the income of the poorest 20 percent of the world population;by 2005,the wealthiest 20 percent of the world population had almost 85 times the income of the poorest 20 percent of the world population.

According to modernization theory,the high-income,more-developed nations can improve their standard of living only with a period of intensive economic growth and accompanying changes in people's beliefs,values,and attitudes toward work.

The 2008 U.S.financial crisis led to a global recession,which spread from high-income economies to lower-income economies.The economic slowdown particularly harmed countries located in the sub-Saharan Africa.

According to social scientists,absolute poverty exists when people may be able to afford basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living;it is measured by comparing the actual income against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.

Analysts using a development framework typically view industrialization and economic development as essential steps that nations must go through in order to reduce poverty and increase life chances for their citizens.

The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about 10 years less than that of people in very high-income countries;moreover,the life expectancy of people in low-income countries is as much as 20 years less than that of people in very high-income countries.

According to the United Nations,women constitute about 40 percent of those who are illiterate.Literacy is crucial for women because it has been closely linked to increases in fertility,improved child health,and decreased earnings potential.

Less than one-third of the residents of middle-income economy nations live in poverty.

Low-income countries are primarily hunting and gathering nations with some industrialization and moderate levels of national and personal income.

Nations with high-income economies continue to dominate the world economy,despite capital flight (the movement of jobs and economic resources from one nation to another)and deindustrialization (closing plants and factories because of their obsolescence).

Ideas regarding underdevelopment were popularized by President Kennedy in his 1949 inaugural address.He stated that nations in the Southern Hemisphere were "underdeveloped areas" because of their low gross national product.

In 1990,the United Nations Development Program introduced the Human Development Index (HDI),establishing three new criteria-in addition to gross domestic product (GDP)-for measuring the level of development in a country: life expectancy,health,and education.

Today,gross national income (GNI)is a term that refers to all the goods and services produced in a country in a given year,plus the net income earned outside the country by individuals or corporations.

The new international division of labor theory states that the poorer nations are trapped in a cycle of structural dependency on the richer nations due to their need for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.

First World nations consisted of the rich,industrialized nations that primarily have capitalistic economic systems and democratic political systems.

About one­third of the world's population lives in the fifty­two low­income economies,where most people engage in agricultural pursuits,reside in nonurban areas,and are impoverished.

About onethird of the world's population lives in the fiftytwo lowincome economies,where most people engage in agricultural pursuits,reside in nonurban areas,and are impoverished.