Question 1

The______________labor market consists of high-paying jobs with good benefits that have some degree of security and the possibility of future advancement.

Accepted Answer

The primary labor market consists of high-paying jobs with good benefits that have some degree of security and the possibility of future advancement. The other choices do not fit this description. The central labor market refers to the overall employment opportunities in an economy or region, the secondary labor market is characterized by low-paying jobs with little job security or possibility for advancement, and the tertiary labor market refers to service sector jobs that may be low-paying or part-time.

Question 2

The text points out that colleges of pharmacy in many universities have fought against____________________________by upgrading the degrees awarded to pharmacy graduates from the traditional B.S.in pharmacy to a Ph.D.

Accepted Answer

Colleges of pharmacy have fought against deprofessionalization by upgrading the degrees awarded from B.S. to Ph.D. This indicates that there was a risk of deprofessionalization in the field, which the colleges addressed.

Question 3

______________ are high-status,knowledge-based occupations.

Accepted Answer

Professions are high-status, knowledge-based occupations that require specialized education, training, and skills. These include professions such as doctors, lawyers, engineers, and architects. They typically require a high level of expertise and experience, and are often associated with high levels of income and prestige. The other answer choices are not commonly used terms to describe high-status occupations.

Question 4

From a______________perspective,business cycles are the result of capitalist greed.In order to maximize profits,capitalists suppress the wages of workers.As the prices of products increase,workers are not able to purchase them in the quantities that have been produced.

Accepted Answer

The perspective described is that of conflict theory, which views social inequality and conflict over resources as the driving force behind societal change. In this case, the conflict arises between capitalists and workers, with capitalists seeking to maximize profits through wage suppression, while workers are unable to purchase goods due to their low wages. This creates a cycle of economic boom and bust, which is the basis for the business cycle.

Question 5

Symbolic interactionists point out that job satisfaction often is related to______________factors that pertain to the nature of the work itself.

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionists argue that job satisfaction is related to intrinsic factors, which are related to the nature of the work itself, such as the level of challenge, autonomy, and creativity involved in the job. Extrinsic factors, such as salary and benefits, are not as strongly related to job satisfaction according to this perspective.

Question 6

Ideally,professionals go beyond their self-interest or personal comfort so that they can help a patient or client.This illustrates the______________of professions.

Accepted Answer

The principle of altruism refers to professionals acting in the best interest of their patients or clients, even if it means putting aside their own self-interest or personal comfort. This is a key component of professionalism in any field. Autonomy refers to the ability of individuals to make their own decisions, specialized knowledge is important for professionals but does not necessarily speak to their ethical behavior, and authority refers to the power or control one has within a given context, but it is not a defining feature of professions.

Question 7

In regard to the relationship between parental education and income,and children's scores on college admissions tests such as the SAT,the text notes that:

Accepted Answer

The text notes that there is a positive correlation between parental education and income and children's scores on college admissions tests such as the SAT. Therefore, the higher the parental education and income, the greater the likelihood that children's scores will be high.

Question 8

Karl Marx referred to the propensity of capitalists to maximize profits by reducing wages as the ,which he believed to be one of the inherent contradictions of capitalism that would produce its eventual downfall.

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx referred to the "falling rate of profit" as the propensity of capitalists to maximize profits by reducing wages. He believed this to be one of the inherent contradictions of capitalism that would produce its eventual downfall.

Question 9

Based on symbolic interactionist theory,job satisfaction refers to people's attitudes toward their work.All of the following are factors that contribute to workers' job satisfaction EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionist theory does not include the concept of anomie, which comes from functionalist theory. The other factors listed - job responsibilities, organizational structure, and individual needs and values - are all considered important contributors to job satisfaction within a symbolic interactionist perspective.

Question 10

The______________labor market consists of low-paying jobs with few benefits and very little job security or possibility for future advancement.

Accepted Answer

The secondary labor market is defined as a segment of the labor market consisting of low-paying and unstable jobs with little job security or possibilities for advancement. These jobs often require low levels of education or specialized skills and offer few benefits or opportunities for professional development. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 11

Political sociologist Michael Parenti believes that political leaders treat the health of the capitalist economy as a necessary condition for the health of the nation and that the goals of big business (rapid growth,high profits,and secure markets)become the goals of government.This is reflective of the______________perspective.

Accepted Answer

The statement reflects the conflict perspective, which views society as a competition for limited resources and power, with different groups having conflicting interests and goals. In this case, the government and big business are seen as having conflicting goals and interests, with the government prioritizing the health of the capitalist economy over the well-being of the people.

Question 12

Symbolic interactionists suggest that______________factors include such things as vacation and holiday policies,parking privileges,on-site day-care centers,and other amenities that contribute to workers' overall perception that their employer cares about them.

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic factors refer to external motivators, such as rewards, benefits, and working conditions, that contribute to an employee's job satisfaction. The amenities mentioned, such as vacation and holiday policies, parking privileges, and on-site day-care centers, are examples of extrinsic factors. Symbolic interactionists suggest that these factors can contribute to an employee's perception that their employer cares about them, which can ultimately affect their job satisfaction and performance.

Question 13

Certain professions are undergoing a process of______________,in which some of the characteristics of a profession are eliminated.

Accepted Answer

Deprofessionalization is the process of eliminating some of the characteristics of a profession, such as autonomy and specialized knowledge, often through standardization and marketization.

Question 14

According to______________theorists,work is an important source of self-identity for many people;it can help people feel positive about themselves,or it can cause them to feel alienated.

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionist theorists view work as a way for individuals to construct their self-identity and create a sense of meaning and purpose in their lives. Work can either reinforce positive self-images or create feelings of powerlessness and alienation. Functionalists see work as a means to maintain social order and contribute to the overall functioning of society, while conflict theorists view work as a way for the ruling class to maintain power and exploit workers. Postmodernists would critique the very idea of a singular concept of work and self-identity.

Question 15

Professionals are______________in that they have licensing,accreditation,and regulatory associations that set professional standards and that require members to adhere to a code of ethics as a form of public accountability.

Accepted Answer

Professionals are self-regulating in that they have regulatory associations that set professional standards and require members to adhere to a code of ethics. This form of self-regulation is a way to ensure public accountability and maintain professional standards within the field. Options A, C, and D are not necessarily defining characteristics of all professionals.

Question 16

All of the following are characteristics of professions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Mechanization, the use of machines to perform tasks previously done by humans, is not a characteristic of professions. The other options are commonly accepted characteristics of professions.

Question 17

______________ are categories of jobs that involve similar activities at different work sites.

Accepted Answer

Occupations refer to broad categories of jobs that share common activities and skills, such as healthcare or education. Work titles and job descriptions are specific to individual jobs, and professions typically refer to specific fields that require specialized education and training.

Question 18

______________ occurs when workers' needs for self­identity and meaning are not met and when work is done strictly for material gain,not for a sense of personal satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

Alienation is the concept of workers feeling disconnected and disengaged from their work and the organization as a whole. This occurs when their needs for self-identity and personal meaning are not met, resulting in a feeling of working strictly for material gain rather than personal satisfaction. Self-estrangement and job anomie are related concepts, but not the best choice for this particular scenario. Worker dissatisfaction is a general term and does not specifically address the issue of a lack of personal fulfillment.

Question 19

A worker who earns 65 cents an hour and works 84 hours a week in a U.S.garment factory exemplifies employment in the:

Accepted Answer

The secondary labor market is characterized by low wages, job insecurity, and poor working conditions, which are all present in the scenario. The primary and central labor markets consist of high-skilled jobs with better wages and benefits, while the tertiary labor market includes part-time and temporary jobs that are often low-paying.

Question 20

Professionals are______________in that they can rely on their own judgment in selecting the relevant knowledge or the appropriate technique for dealing with a problem.

Accepted Answer

Professionals are considered autonomous because they have the ability to use their own judgment to select the appropriate knowledge or technique for addressing a problem.

Quiz 13: The Economy and Work in Global Perspective

The______________labor market consists of high-paying jobs with good benefits that have some degree of security and the possibility of future advancement.

The text points out that colleges of pharmacy in many universities have fought against____________________________by upgrading the degrees awarded to pharmacy graduates from the traditional B.S.in pharmacy to a Ph.D.

______________ are high-status,knowledge-based occupations.

From a______________perspective,business cycles are the result of capitalist greed.In order to maximize profits,capitalists suppress the wages of workers.As the prices of products increase,workers are not able to purchase them in the quantities that have been produced.

Symbolic interactionists point out that job satisfaction often is related to______________factors that pertain to the nature of the work itself.

Ideally,professionals go beyond their self-interest or personal comfort so that they can help a patient or client.This illustrates the______________of professions.

In regard to the relationship between parental education and income,and children's scores on college admissions tests such as the SAT,the text notes that:

Karl Marx referred to the propensity of capitalists to maximize profits by reducing wages as the ,which he believed to be one of the inherent contradictions of capitalism that would produce its eventual downfall.

Based on symbolic interactionist theory,job satisfaction refers to people's attitudes toward their work.All of the following are factors that contribute to workers' job satisfaction EXCEPT:

The______________labor market consists of low-paying jobs with few benefits and very little job security or possibility for future advancement.

Symbolic interactionists suggest that______________factors include such things as vacation and holiday policies,parking privileges,on-site day-care centers,and other amenities that contribute to workers' overall perception that their employer cares about them.

Certain professions are undergoing a process of______________,in which some of the characteristics of a profession are eliminated.

According to______________theorists,work is an important source of self-identity for many people;it can help people feel positive about themselves,or it can cause them to feel alienated.

Professionals are______________in that they have licensing,accreditation,and regulatory associations that set professional standards and that require members to adhere to a code of ethics as a form of public accountability.

All of the following are characteristics of professions EXCEPT:

______________ are categories of jobs that involve similar activities at different work sites.

______________ occurs when workers' needs for selfidentity and meaning are not met and when work is done strictly for material gain,not for a sense of personal satisfaction.

A worker who earns 65 cents an hour and works 84 hours a week in a U.S.garment factory exemplifies employment in the:

Professionals are______________in that they can rely on their own judgment in selecting the relevant knowledge or the appropriate technique for dealing with a problem.

Quiz 13: The Economy and Work in Global Perspective

The______________labor market consists of high-paying jobs with good benefits that have some degree of security and the possibility of future advancement.

The text points out that colleges of pharmacy in many universities have fought against____________________________by upgrading the degrees awarded to pharmacy graduates from the traditional B.S.in pharmacy to a Ph.D.

______________ are high-status,knowledge-based occupations.

From a______________perspective,business cycles are the result of capitalist greed.In order to maximize profits,capitalists suppress the wages of workers.As the prices of products increase,workers are not able to purchase them in the quantities that have been produced.

Symbolic interactionists point out that job satisfaction often is related to______________factors that pertain to the nature of the work itself.

Ideally,professionals go beyond their self-interest or personal comfort so that they can help a patient or client.This illustrates the______________of professions.

In regard to the relationship between parental education and income,and children's scores on college admissions tests such as the SAT,the text notes that:

Karl Marx referred to the propensity of capitalists to maximize profits by reducing wages as the ,which he believed to be one of the inherent contradictions of capitalism that would produce its eventual downfall.

Based on symbolic interactionist theory,job satisfaction refers to people's attitudes toward their work.All of the following are factors that contribute to workers' job satisfaction EXCEPT:

The______________labor market consists of low-paying jobs with few benefits and very little job security or possibility for future advancement.

Symbolic interactionists suggest that______________factors include such things as vacation and holiday policies,parking privileges,on-site day-care centers,and other amenities that contribute to workers' overall perception that their employer cares about them.

Certain professions are undergoing a process of______________,in which some of the characteristics of a profession are eliminated.

According to______________theorists,work is an important source of self-identity for many people;it can help people feel positive about themselves,or it can cause them to feel alienated.

Professionals are______________in that they have licensing,accreditation,and regulatory associations that set professional standards and that require members to adhere to a code of ethics as a form of public accountability.

All of the following are characteristics of professions EXCEPT:

______________ are categories of jobs that involve similar activities at different work sites.

______________ occurs when workers' needs for self­identity and meaning are not met and when work is done strictly for material gain,not for a sense of personal satisfaction.

A worker who earns 65 cents an hour and works 84 hours a week in a U.S.garment factory exemplifies employment in the:

Professionals are______________in that they can rely on their own judgment in selecting the relevant knowledge or the appropriate technique for dealing with a problem.

______________ occurs when workers' needs for selfidentity and meaning are not met and when work is done strictly for material gain,not for a sense of personal satisfaction.