Question 1

_____ is an in-depth,intensive investigation of an individual or small group of people.
A) Archival research
B) Survey research
C) Naturalistic observation
D) Case study

Accepted Answer

A case study is a research method that involves an in-depth investigation of an individual or small group of people. It involves the collection of extensive qualitative and/or quantitative data through various techniques, such as interviews, observations, and psychological tests, among others. The purpose of a case study is to provide a detailed analysis of a particular phenomenon, behavior, or problem, and to gain insights and understanding about it that can be applied in future research or in the development of interventions or programs.

Question 2

Evelyn,a psychology graduate,watches parent-child interactions in a park.She simply records what she sees and does not make a change in the situation.The method she uses is known as _____.
A) naturalistic observation
B) archival research
C) experimentation
D) a case study

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing and recording behavior in its natural setting without making any changes or manipulation to the situation. In this scenario, Evelyn is simply observing and recording parent-child interactions in a park, making it a naturalistic observation. Archival research involves using pre-existing data and documentation, experimentation involves manipulating variables to observe their effect on a behavior, and a case study involves an in-depth analysis of a single individual or group.

Question 3

Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study?
A) Dr.Henriette,who is investigating the effect of word imageability on list memory by handing out questionnaires
B) Dr.Innis,who is investigating in detail the tactile perception of a blind woman
C) Dr.Jefferson,who is observing children on a playground
D) Dr.Kulik,who is studying newspaper stories on serial killers

Accepted Answer

A case study is a research method that involves an in-depth investigation of a particular individual or group. Dr. Innis is investigating in detail the tactile perception of a blind woman, which fits the definition of a case study. The other options (A, C, and D) involve different research methods such as surveys, observations, and content analysis.

Question 4

DeAndre is recording instances of physical aggression among children in a schoolyard at recess.DeAndre is undertaking:
A) a naturalistic observation.
B) an archival research.
C) a survey.
D) a case study.

Accepted Answer

DeAndre is observing children in their natural environment without any intervention or manipulation, which is a characteristic of naturalistic observation.

Question 5

Naturalistic observation entails:
A) the systematic,detailed study of a single individual.
B) examining existing records such as census documents.
C) asking a sample of individuals a set of questions.
D) examining behavior in the setting in which it typically occurs.

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural setting, rather than manipulating the environment in a laboratory. Therefore, choice D, examining behavior in the setting in which it typically occurs is the best choice. Choice A would refer to a case study, choice B would refer to archival research, and choice C would refer to a survey method.

Question 6

Brooke is engaged in naturalistic observation.In which of the following projects is she most likely engaged?
A) Asking a sample of college students a set of questions about tendency to become angry in different situations.
B) Watching and recording interactions between subordinates and their supervisors in a large corporate office.
C) Conducting an in-depth investigation of the history and current behavior of an autistic boy.
D) Examining crime statistics from the Department of Justice to see if the rate of property crimes is related to the rate of violent crimes.

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing and recording behavior in its natural setting without intervention or manipulation by the researcher. Hence, watching and recording interactions between subordinates and their supervisors in a large corporate office would be the most likely project of naturalistic observation. The other options involve asking questions, conducting investigations or examining statistics, which would not qualify as naturalistic observation as they involve some form of manipulation or intervention by the researcher.

Question 7

Which of the following descriptive research methods is incorrectly matched with an advantage?
A) Archival research-inexpensive
B) Naturalistic observation-examines behavior in the "real world"
C) Survey-small sample can give accurate picture of much larger population
D) Case study-it controls any of the factors of interest

Accepted Answer

The advantage listed for case study, "it controls any of the factors of interest," is incorrect. Case studies typically involve observing a single individual or group in depth, but the researcher cannot control all of the factors that may be influencing the behavior or situation being studied.

Question 8

Wallace is engaged in archival research.In which of the following projects is he most likely engaged?
A) Comparing the effects of cell phone distractions to those of text message distractions on participants' performance in a driving simulator
B) Asking a large sample of community dwellers a set of questions about their perceptions of healthcare reform
C) Recording language comprehension deficits in a woman with left hemisphere brain damage
D) Examining the registrar's records at a state university to explore the relationship between SAT scores and freshman GPA

Accepted Answer

Wallace is most likely engaged in project D, examining the registrar's records at a state university to explore the relationship between SAT scores and freshman GPA. Archival research involves collecting data from existing records, documents, and artifacts. In this case, Wallace is analyzing data from registrar's records to answer a research question. The other projects involve collecting new data through surveys, experiments, or observations, which is not archival research.

Question 9

Dr.Gigliotti is conducting an in-depth,intensive investigation of a patient with dissociative identity disorder.He uses psychological tests and interviews to better understand the patient.Dr.Gigliotti is undertaking a(n):
A) survey research.
B) archival research.
C) case study.
D) naturalistic observation.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Gigliotti is conducting a case study, as he is conducting an in-depth and intensive investigation of one patient, using psychological tests and interviews to understand their dissociative identity disorder.

Question 10

Which of the following descriptive research methods is correctly matched with a description?
A) Archival research-in-depth investigation of an individual
B) Naturalistic observation-behavior is investigated in the environment in which it typically occurs,without intervention by the researcher
C) Case study-a sample is asked a series of questions about their thoughts,attitudes,or behaviors
D) Survey research-existing data is examined to test a hypothesis

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural environment without intervention by the researcher. Archival research involves examining existing records or data, case studies involve an in-depth investigation of an individual, and survey research involves asking a sample of individuals a series of questions about their thoughts, attitudes, or behaviors.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a drawback of archival research?
A) Existing records are often incomplete.
B) It is expensive to conduct.
C) Existing data may not have been collected systematically.
D) Data may not be in a form that allows the researcher to test a hypothesis fully.

Accepted Answer

While the other options are possible drawbacks of archival research, there is no mention of it being expensive to conduct. In fact, archival research is often seen as a relatively cost-effective way to gather data compared to other research methods.

Question 12

Dr.Estevez prepares a set of questions to ask college students about their drinking behavior and their attitudes toward alcohol.Dr.Estevez is undertaking a(n):
A) survey research.
B) case study.
C) naturalistic observation.
D) archival research.

Accepted Answer

Survey research involves the use of questionnaires or interviews to gather data from a sample of people in order to describe their characteristics or attitudes towards a particular topic. In this case, Dr. Estevez is preparing a set of questions to ask college students, which makes it a survey research.

Question 13

Research in which existing data,such as census documents,college records,and newspaper clippings,are examined to test a hypothesis is known as _____.
A) experimental research
B) archival research
C) naturalistic research
D) a case study

Accepted Answer

Archival research involves analyzing existing data from sources such as historical documents, government records, and newspapers to test a research hypothesis. The other options do not involve analyzing existing data, but rather collecting new data through observation or experimentation.

Question 14

Which of the following sequences is correct?
A) Operational definition $\rarr$ hypothesis $\rarr$ theory
B) Operational definition $\rarr$theory $\rarr$ hypothesis
C) Hypothesis $\rarr$ theory $\rarr$ operational definition
D) Theory $\rarr$ hypothesis $\rarr$ operational definition

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following sequences is correct?
A)...

Question 15

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a sample and a population?
A) A sample includes a population.
B) A population includes a sample.
C) A population is similar to a sample.
D) A sample is completely separate from a population.

Accepted Answer

A population is a complete group that we want to study, while a sample is a smaller group that we select from the population to study. Therefore, a population includes all possible individuals or observations, while a sample is a subset of that population.

Question 16

_____ is defined as the systematic inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge.
A) Theory
B) Critical thinking
C) Coherent observation
D) Research

Accepted Answer

Research is the only option that specifically refers to the process of discovering new knowledge through systematic inquiry. While theory, critical thinking, and observation are all important components of research, they are not exclusive to the process of discovering new knowledge.

Question 17

Dr.Carruthers is using crime statistics available in a federal database as part of a study.Dr.Carruthers is conducting a(n):
A) case study.
B) naturalistic observation.
C) archival research.
D) survey.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Carruthers is using pre-existing data from a federal database, therefore this is considered archival research.

Question 18

Wilma is undertaking survey research.Which of the following is she probably doing?
A) Recording the behaviors of sea lions in their natural habitat
B) Observing the problem-solving strategies of an extremely gifted middle school girl
C) Comparing students' performance on abstract and concrete versions of problems
D) Asking a sample of students a series of questions about their sexual attitudes and behaviors

Accepted Answer

Survey research involves asking a sample of individuals a series of questions, which is exactly what Wilma is doing when asking students about their sexual attitudes and behaviors. Options A, B, and C involve observation or comparison, which are not necessarily components of survey research.

Question 19

Each of the following is a descriptive research technique except:
A) experimental research.
B) case study research.
C) naturalistic observation.
D) archival research.

Accepted Answer

Experimental research is not a descriptive research technique; it is a type of research design used to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Descriptive research techniques include case study research, naturalistic observation, and archival research, which all aim to describe or characterize a phenomenon or behavior.

Question 20

Amy is conducting a survey of dating attitudes and behaviors among young adults as part of her masters' thesis work.Amy distributes questionnaires to 200 randomly selected students enrolled in an introductory psychology course at her university.The 200 students constitute Amy's _____.The people whom she assumes her results will generalize are termed the _____.
A) control group;population
B) experimental group;population
C) population;sample
D) sample;population

Accepted Answer

The 200 students are a sample, and the people whom Amy assumes her results will generalize are the population.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Psychology

_____ is an in-depth,intensive investigation of an individual or small group of people.

Evelyn,a psychology graduate,watches parent-child interactions in a park.She simply records what she sees and does not make a change in the situation.The method she uses is known as _____.

Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study?

DeAndre is recording instances of physical aggression among children in a schoolyard at recess.DeAndre is undertaking:

Naturalistic observation entails:

Brooke is engaged in naturalistic observation.In which of the following projects is she most likely engaged?

Which of the following descriptive research methods is incorrectly matched with an advantage?

Wallace is engaged in archival research.In which of the following projects is he most likely engaged?

Dr.Gigliotti is conducting an in-depth,intensive investigation of a patient with dissociative identity disorder.He uses psychological tests and interviews to better understand the patient.Dr.Gigliotti is undertaking a(n) :

Which of the following descriptive research methods is correctly matched with a description?

Which of the following is not a drawback of archival research?

Dr.Estevez prepares a set of questions to ask college students about their drinking behavior and their attitudes toward alcohol.Dr.Estevez is undertaking a(n) :

Research in which existing data,such as census documents,college records,and newspaper clippings,are examined to test a hypothesis is known as _____.

Which of the following sequences is correct?

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a sample and a population?

_____ is defined as the systematic inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge.

Dr.Carruthers is using crime statistics available in a federal database as part of a study.Dr.Carruthers is conducting a(n) :

Wilma is undertaking survey research.Which of the following is she probably doing?

Each of the following is a descriptive research technique except: