Question 1

Psychology is defined as the:
A) intuition-based approach to study human behavior.
B) speculative method to find answers about human cognition.
C) study of mental disorders and their treatment.
D) scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Accepted Answer

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, which means that it is based on empirical evidence and follows the scientific method. Psychology encompasses a wide range of topics related to human behavior, including cognition, emotion, personality, social interactions, development, and psychological disorders. While intuition and speculation may play a role in generating hypotheses, they must be tested through empirical research to be considered valid in the field of psychology.

Question 2

A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because:
A) it is very difficult to study the mind and behavior scientifically.
B) psychology is a narrower,more specific field than a general definition might suggest.
C) psychologists disagree on how broad psychology should really be.
D) the discipline of psychology really has no core or center.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

Enterprise City has been hard hit by a recent economic downturn.Local psychologists are holding a public workshop to help the citizens cope with the adversity.Dr.Kurutz is outlining strategies to help adults who have been laid off avoid overeating and the use of drugs or alcohol.Dr.Kurutz is most likely a(n)_____ psychologist.
A) experimental
B) cross-cultural
C) social
D) health

Accepted Answer

The fact that Dr.Kurutz is outlining strategies to help adults avoid overeating and the use of drugs or alcohol suggests that they are a health psychologist, as they are focused on promoting physical and mental health in response to a specific issue affecting Enterprise City.

Question 4

Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic?
A) Behavioral neuroscience: the influence of chronic stress on physical health
B) Developmental psychology: the effectiveness of drug therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) Cognitive psychology: the influence of an event on people's thinking
D) Health psychology: the role that frustration plays in producing aggression

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following subfields of psychology...

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?
A) Obfuscation
B) Description
C) Prediction
D) Explanation

Accepted Answer

Obfuscation means making something unclear or confusing, which is not a goal of psychology. The other three goals, description, prediction, and explanation, are all widely accepted as the main goals of psychology.

Question 6

Dr.Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood.Dr.Doherty focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another.Dr.Chen is a(n)_____ psychologist;Dr.Doherty is a _____.
A) experimental psychologist;cognitive psychologist
B) health psychologist;clinical psychologist
C) developmental psychologist;personality psychologist
D) clinical psychologist;counseling psychologist

Accepted Answer

Dr. Chen's focus on the growth and changes during late adolescence and young adulthood aligns with the field of developmental psychology. Dr. Doherty's focus on personality traits aligns with the field of personality psychology. Therefore, the correct choices are C) developmental psychologist and personality psychologist.

Question 7

In order to study mind and behavior,psychologists:
A) rely on the scientific method.
B) use their intuition.
C) rely on the study of internal medicine.
D) use speculation.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists rely on the scientific method, which involves systematic and empirical observation, experimentation, and data analysis, to study mind and behavior. This allows for objective and evidence-based understanding of psychological phenomena, as opposed to relying on intuition, speculation, or other non-scientific methods. The study of internal medicine may be relevant to certain subfields of psychology, but it is not the primary method used by psychologists to understand psychological processes.

Question 8

How are cognitive and experimental psychology related?
A) They are the same.
B) They are two completely distinct subfields of psychology.
C) Cognitive psychology is part of experimental psychology.
D) Experimental psychology is part of cognitive psychology.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology and experimental psychology are related in that cognitive psychology is a subfield of experimental psychology. While experimental psychology encompasses a broader range of topics related to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, cognitive psychology specifically focuses on the study of mental processes such as perception, memory, attention, and problem-solving. Therefore, cognitive psychology is a smaller, more specialized part of the larger field of experimental psychology.

Question 9

Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease?
A) Developmental psychology
B) Health psychology
C) Perceptual psychology
D) Clinical neuropsychology

Accepted Answer

Health psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease, with a focus on promoting health and preventing illness. Developmental psychology examines the physical, cognitive, and social changes that occur throughout the lifespan. Perceptual psychology studies how we perceive and interpret sensory information. Clinical neuropsychology examines the relationship between the brain and behavior, often focusing on individuals with neurological disorders or injuries.

Question 10

Dr.Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis.Dr.Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____ subfield of psychology.
A) cognitive
B) experimental
C) developmental
D) behavioral neuroscience

Accepted Answer

Dr. Alvarez's study involves investigating the biological and physiological processes in the brain that contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis, which falls under the subfield of behavioral neuroscience in psychology.

Question 11

Personality psychology:
A) focuses primarily on educational,social,and career adjustment problems.
B) focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person from another.
C) focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.
D) deals with the study,diagnosis,and treatment of psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Personality psychology focuses on studying the traits that differentiate one person from another and the consistency in people's behavior over time. It does not primarily focus on educational, social, or career adjustment problems (A), higher mental processes (C), or the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders (D).

Question 12

Developmental psychology:
A) focuses primarily on educational,social,and career adjustment problems.
B) studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death.
C) focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.
D) deals with the study,diagnosis,and treatment of psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychology is concerned with how individuals develop and change from the moment of conception through death, encompassing physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes across the lifespan. It does not solely focus on education, career, or social adjustments, nor is it primarily concerned with diagnosing and treating psychological disorders. While higher mental processes are of interest in developmental psychology, they are not the sole focus.

Question 13

Why is the term experimental psychologist considered somewhat misleading?
A) Psychologists in every subfield use the experimental method.
B) The term is no longer in existence.
C) Most psychological topics are not suited to experimental study.
D) Experimental methods are only appropriate to the study of the biological bases of behavior.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists in all subfields of psychology use the experimental method, not just those who identify as "experimental psychologists." Therefore, the term "experimental psychologist" is somewhat misleading as it may suggest that other psychologists do not conduct experimental research.

Question 14

Dr.Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.Dr.Ebrahim is a(n)_____ psychologist.
A) clinical
B) evolutionary
C) experimental
D) developmental

Accepted Answer

As Dr. Ebrahim is focused on examining how children's friendships change through elementary and middle school years, this indicates a focus on the development of social relationships in children, which falls within the purview of developmental psychology. Therefore, the best choice for the kind of psychologist Dr. Ebrahim is would be developmental.

Question 15

Akira has declared psychology as his major.He will be studying:
A) internal medicine.
B) behavior and mental processes.
C) mental disorders and their diagnosis and treatment.
D) the disorders of the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. So, option B is the correct choice. Options A, C, and D do not accurately reflect the scope of psychology as a field of study.

Question 16

Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing,perceiving,learning,and thinking about the world?
A) Behavioral neuroscience
B) Developmental psychology
C) Experimental psychology
D) Health psychology

Accepted Answer

Experimental psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world. Behavioral neuroscience focuses on the biological processes underlying behavior, developmental psychology studies the development of individuals across their lifespan, and health psychology focuses on how psychological factors impact physical health.

Question 17

In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related?
A) They allow psychologists to explain different types of behavior in the same way.
B) They ultimately share a common goal.
C) They always lead to an M.D.(Doctor of Medicine)degree.
D) They are not related at all other than being considered part of psychology.

Accepted Answer

While the subfields of psychology may differ in their specific focus and methodology, they all share the common goal of understanding and explaining human behavior and mental processes. This broad goal unifies the diverse subfields under the umbrella of psychology.

Question 18

At a conference on terrorism research,a panel of psychologists is discussing suicide bombers.Dr.Gerami outlines the role of charismatic leaders in encouraging the actions of suicide bombers.Dr.Hespeler argues that sometimes suicide bombing may be seen as a rational response to a particular system of beliefs.Finally,Dr.Islington reviews the internal traits associated with suicide bombing.Which of the following alternatives BEST identifies the subfields in which each of these psychologists probably specializes?
A) Dr.Gerami: personality psychology;Dr.Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology;Dr.Islington: social psychology
B) Dr.Gerami: social psychology;Dr.Hespeler: personality psychology;Dr.Islington: cross-cultural psychology
C) Dr.Gerami: social psychology;Dr.Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology;Dr.Islington: personality psychology
D) Dr.Gerami: cross-cultural psychology;Dr.Hespeler: experimental psychology;Dr.Islington: personality psychology

Accepted Answer

Dr. Gerami's focus on the role of charismatic leaders in suicide bombing suggests that their specialization is in social psychology. Dr. Hespeler's argument that suicide bombing may be a rational response to a particular system of beliefs suggests that their specialization is in cross-cultural psychology. Finally, Dr. Islington's focus on the internal traits associated with suicide bombing suggests that their specialization is in personality psychology. Therefore, the best answer is C.

Question 19

_____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.
A) Developmental
B) Personality
C) Clinical
D) Cognitive

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology specifically focuses on higher mental processes such as thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging, decision making, and language. Developmental psychology studies how humans develop and change throughout their lifespan, personality psychology studies individual differences and traits, and clinical psychology focuses on diagnosing and treating mental illness.

Question 20

Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description?
A) Behavioral neuroscience: examines the relationship between the nervous system and behavior
B) Cognitive: examines how people grow and change from conception through death
C) Experimental: examines the processes of sensing,perceiving,learning,and thinking
D) Clinical: deals with the study,diagnosis,and treatment of psychological disorders

Accepted Answer

The description for cognitive psychology is incorrect. It should be "examines mental processes such as perception, thinking, memory, and problem-solving." Growth and development throughout the lifespan is the focus of developmental psychology.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Psychology

Psychology is defined as the:

A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because:

Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic?

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?

Dr.Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood.Dr.Doherty focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another.Dr.Chen is a(n) _ psychologist;Dr.Doherty is a _.

In order to study mind and behavior,psychologists:

How are cognitive and experimental psychology related?

Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease?

Dr.Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis.Dr.Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____ subfield of psychology.

Personality psychology:

Developmental psychology:

Why is the term experimental psychologist considered somewhat misleading?

Dr.Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.Dr.Ebrahim is a(n) _____ psychologist.

Akira has declared psychology as his major.He will be studying:

Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing,perceiving,learning,and thinking about the world?

In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related?

_____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.

Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description?