Quiz 1: The Systems Development Environment

The analysis and design of information systems is driven from a technical perspective.

Information systems analysis and design is an organizational improvement process.

An important result of systems analysis and design is application software.

A methodology adopted by an organization will be consistent with its general management style.

Techniques are comprehensive,multiple-step approaches to systems development that guide an analyst's work and influence the quality of the final product.

A knowledge engineer is the organizational role most responsible for the analysis and design of information systems.

The systems development environment in the late 1990s focused on systems integration.

In many cases,organizations do not run applications in-house,choosing instead to use an application on a per-use basis by accessing through an application service provider.

A systems development methodology is a standard process followed in an organization to conduct all the steps necessary to analyze,design,implement,and maintain information systems.

The systems development life cycle is the traditional methodology used to develop,maintain,and replace information systems.

The systems development life cycle is a sequentially ordered set of phases.

In the systems development life cycle,it is possible to complete some activities in one phase in parallel with some activities of another phase.

Sometimes the systems development life cycle is iterative.

The first phase in the systems development life cycle (SDLC)is planning.

During the analysis phase,someone identifies the need for a new or enhanced system.

During the design phase,analysts convert the description of the recommended alternative solution into logical and physical system specifications.

The second subphase in systems analysis is to investigate the system and determine the proposed system's scope.

Design is the second phase of the SDLC in which the current system is studied and alternative replacement systems are proposed.

Often the choices of language,database,and platform are already decided by the organization or by the client,and these information technologies must be taken into account in the physical design of the system.

Logical design is tied to a specific hardware and software platform.

During physical design,the logical specifications of the system from the logical design are transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished.

Implementation is the fourth phase of the SDLC in which the information system is coded,tested,installed,and supported in the organization.

During installation,the new system becomes part of the daily activities of the organization.

Documentation and training programs are finalized during the physical design phase.

The maintenance phase often resembles the life cycle itself.

The amount of time and effort devoted to maintenance depends a great deal on the performance of the previous phases of the life cycle.

A description of the current system identifying where problems or opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix,enhance,or replace the current system is a product of the design phase.

Maintenance is the final phase of the SDLC in which an information system is systematically repaired and improved.

The traditional waterfall SDLC narrowly defines the end user or customer's role.

One of the criticisms of the traditional SDLC is that it focuses on milestone deadlines,leading to too little focus on doing good analysis and design.

A criticism of the traditional SDLC is that the role of system users or customers is too broadly defined.

Involving the end user in analysis and design is a key advantage to the prototyping technique.

CASE refers to software tools that provide automated support for some portion of the systems development process.

CASE tools are built around a central repository for system descriptions and specifications.

CASE Analysis tools help to prototype how systems will look and feel.

CASE helps programmers and analysts do their jobs more efficiently and effectively.

RAD is becoming less and less a legitimate way to develop information systems.

Joint Application Development is a systems development methodology created to radically decrease the time needed to design and implement information systems.

RAD follows the traditional SDLC phases,but the phases are shortened and combined with each other to produce a more streamlined development technique.

Planning for cutover must begin early because the RAD approach is so fast.

One of the primary disadvantages of RAD is longer development time.

Service-oriented architecture is an approach which builds complete systems by assembling components that model generic business functions.

Developing a service is always done by writing new code.

An example of a service is a credit check.

In order for Service-Oriented Architecture to be successful,there needs to be centralized support and governance.

The SOA approach results in a low return on investment due to not being able to reuse services

The three key principles of Agile Methodologies include a focus on adaptive rather than predictive methodologies,a focus on people rather than roles,and a focus on self-adaptive processes.

Proponents of the Agile Methodology state that techniques that work well for stable projects,such as building a bridge,work well for software projects.

Iterative development focuses on the frequent production of working versions of a system that have a subset of the total number of required features.

The Agile Methodologies promote a self-reflective software development process.

Agile Methodologies work well for projects with unpredictable or dynamic requirements.

eXtreme Programming is not one of the Agile Methodologies.

eXtreme Programming is distinguished by its short cycles,incremental planning approach,focus on automated tests and a reliance on an evolutionary approach to development.

eXtreme Programming always involves developers working by themselves.

Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD)is becoming less popular.

The object-oriented approach combines data and processes into single entities called objects.

In OOAD,objects are organized into object courses.

The goal of OOAD is to make system elements more reusable.

The Rational Unified Process (RUP)is an object-oriented methodology that establishes four phases of development.

Destruction is the third phase of RUP.

During the inception phase of RUP,the scope and feasibility of the project is determined.

The transition phase of RUP involves only coding of the project.

The complex organizational process through which computer-based information systems are developed and maintained best defines: A)information systems analysis and design B)joint application design C)prototyping D)none of the above

Software designed to support the payroll function would best be classified as: A)application software B)system software C)design software D)analysis software

Computer software designed to support organizational functions or processes best defines: A)system software B)application software C)design software D)analysis software

Comprehensive,multiple-step approaches to systems development that will guide your work and influence the quality of your final product defines: A)techniques B)tools C)methodologies D)data flows

The particular processes that an analyst will follow to help ensure that his work is complete,well-done,and understood by project team members best defines: A)techniques B)tools C)methodologies D)data flows

The person in an organization who has the primary responsibility for systems analysis and design is the: A)systems analyst B)end user C)internal auditor D)business manager

Large,complex systems that consist of a series of independent system modules best describes: A)transaction processing systems B)customer relationship management systems C)supply chain management systems D)enterprisewide systems

Which of the following are true statements regarding today's analysis and design of information systems? A)More and more systems implementation involves a three-tier design. B)There is a movement to wireless system components. C)There is a continued focus on developing systems for the Internet and for firms' intranets and extranets. D)All of the above.

The traditional methodology used to develop,maintain,and replace information systems best defines: A)SDLC B)RAD C)OOAD D)prototyping

Which of the following is a true statement regarding the SDLC phases? A)The life cycle is a sequentially ordered set of phases. B)It is not possible to complete some activities in one phase in parallel with those of another phase. C)The SDLC is not iterative. D)The life cycle can be thought of as a circular process in which the end of the useful life of one system leads to the beginning of another project to develop a new version of or replace an existing system.

During the SDLC planning phase,which of the following activities is undertaken? A)New system requirements are identified. B)A formal,preliminary investigation is undertaken. C)A presentation of why the system should or should not be developed by the organization is given. D)Both B and C.

The second phase of the SDLC in which system requirements are studied and structured best defines: A)planning B)analysis C)design D)implementation

The output for the analysis phase is the: A)description of the alternative solution B)physical system specifications C)work plan for the project D)priorities for systems and projects proposal

Analysts convert the description of the recommended alternative solution into logical and then physical system specifications during: A)planning B)implementation C)analysis D)design

The part of the design phase of the SDLC in which the logical specifications of the system from logical design are transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished best describes: A)implementation B)object modeling C)physical design D)logical design

Which of the following is a true statement regarding logical design? A)Logical design is tied to a specific hardware and software platform. B)Logical design does not concentrate on the business aspects of the system. C)Technical specifications are developed. D)All functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis are described independently of any computer platform.

Turning system specifications into a working system that is tested and then put into use describes: A)implementation B)physical design C)maintenance D)analysis

The phase of the SDLC in which an information system is systematically repaired and improved is referred to as: A)analysis B)implementation C)maintenance D)physical repair

Which of the following are deliverables for the planning phase? A)functional,detailed specifications of all system elements B)priorities for systems and projects; an architecture for data,networks,and selection hardware,and IS management are the result of associated systems C)description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix,enhance,or replace current system D)code,documentation,training procedures,and support capabilities

Which of the following are deliverables for the analysis phase? A)functional,detailed specifications of all system elements B)priorities for systems and projects; an architecture for data,networks,and selection hardware,and IS management are the result of associated systems C)description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix,enhance,or replace current system D)code,documentation,training procedures,and support capabilities

Which of the following are deliverables for the implementation phase? A)functional,detailed specifications of all system elements B)priorities for systems and projects; an architecture for data,networks,and selection hardware,and IS management are the result of associated systems C)description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix,enhance,or replace current system D)code,documentation,training procedures,and support capabilities

All of the following are true about the SDLC EXCEPT: A)the different phases are clearly defined B)it is a rapid method to prototype and develop an application C)the relationships between phases are well specified D)the sequencing of phases has a compelling logic

One criticism of the traditional waterfall SDLC approach is that: A)It is too short of a process B)The process is too chaotic C)Users are locked into requirements D)There are no criticisms

All of the following are criticisms of the traditional waterfall SDLC EXCEPT: A)users are locked into requirements B)prototypes do not work properly C)the role of customers is narrowly defined D)intangible processes are given hard and fast dates

An integrated and standard database used in CASE to provide product and tool integration is called a: A)Transaction Processing System B)Data Mart C)Repository D)Armory

All of the following are types of CASE tools EXCEPT: A)Diagramming Tools B)Display and Report Generators C)Debuggers D)Analysis Tools

Which type of CASE tool is used for the analysis phase of the SDLC? A)Documentation generators B)Form generators C)Report generators D)Diagramming

Which of the following is a true statement about RAD? A)The focus of RAD is on system integration. B)The bulk of the work in RAD takes place in the requirements planning phase. C)RAD requires moderate user involvement. D)The emphasis in RAD is generally less on the sequence and structure of processes in the life cycle and more on doing different tasks in parallel with each other and on using prototyping extensively.

Which of the following grew out of the convergence of the increased speed and turbulence of doing business in the late 1980s and early 1990s and the ready availability of high-powered,computer-based tools to support systems development and easy maintenance? A)JAD B)RAD C)Object-oriented programming D)CASE

Which of the following is a systems development methodology created to radically decrease the time needed to design and implement information systems? A)eXtreme Programming B)OOAD C)RAD D)JAD

The three key principles shared by the Agile Methodologies include: A)a focus on predictive methodologies B)a focus on roles C)a focus on self-adaptive processes D)all of the above

The idea behind service-oriented architecture (SOA)is: A)to develop a rapid prototype B)to utilize object-oriented techniques to develop a system C)to build a system around generic services or specific business functions D)to program in pairs

All of the following are success factors for an SOA approach EXCEPT: A)identification of a large amount of services which are made available for various applications to access B)programmers would have to work in teams of three C)establishment of standards D)establishment of a centralized service repository

Which of the following is NOT a question which managers of an organization should ask before considering a move to the SOA approach: A)What common business services are needed? B)Who owns the data? C)Who is responsible for initiating and approving changes? D)None of the above

Principles identified in the Agile Manifesto include: A)our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software B)welcome changing requirements,even late in development.Agile processes harness change for the customer's competitive advantage C)deliver working software frequently,from a couple of weeks to a couple of months,with a preference to the shorter timescale D)all of the above

Fowler recommends using an agile process when your project involves: A)unpredictable or dynamic requirements B)responsible and motivated developers C)customers who understand the process and will get involved D)all of the above

Critical factors that distinguish Agile and traditional approaches to the systems development life cycle include: A)Size B)Dynamism C)Personnel D)All of the above

Which of the following is a true statement about eXtreme Programming? A)eXtreme Programming's overall philosophy is that code will be integrated into the system it is being developed for and tested within a few hours after it has been written. B)eXtreme Programming minimizes customer involvement during each of its phases. C)eXtreme Programming distinguishes and separates the planning,analysis,design,and construction phases. D)eXtreme Programming uses an approach similar to the traditional SDLC for capturing and presenting system requirements and design specifications.

All of the following are advantages of eXtreme Programming EXCEPT: A)more communication among the developers B)higher levels of productivity C)reinforcement of the code-and-test discipline D)lower quality code

Systems development methodologies and techniques based on objects rather than data or processes best defines: A)objects B)participatory design C)object-oriented analysis and design D)entity analysis and design

Which of the following is a structure that encapsulates attributes and methods that operate on those attributes? A)module B)object C)container D)case

A logical grouping of objects that have the same attributes and behaviors best defines: A)attribute B)module C)object class D)object

The property that occurs when entity types or object classes are arranged in a hierarchy and each entity type or object class assumes the attributes and methods of its ancestors best defines: A)inheritance B)polymorphism C)aggregation D)generalization

Which of the following is based on an iterative,incremental approach to systems development and has inception,elaboration,construction,and transition phases? A)JAD B)RAD C)RUP D)eXtreme Programming

During which of the following RUP phases will analysts define the scope,determine the feasibility of the project,understand user requirements,and prepare a software development plan? A)transition B)construction C)elaboration D)inception

Which of the following RUP phases provides an architecture for the project at the end of its phase? A)elaboration B)transition C)inception D)construction

Which of the following RUP phases involves correcting problems,beta testing,user training,and conversion of the project? A)elaboration B)transition C)inception D)construction

Which of the following programming languages could be used for OOAD? A)Java B)C++ C)FORTRAN D)Both A and B

__________ is the complex organizational process whereby computer-based information systems are developed and maintained.

__________ is computer software designed to support organizational functions or processes.

__________ is the organizational role most responsible for the analysis and design of information systems.

A __________ is a standard process followed in an organization to conduct all the steps necessary to analyze,design,implement,and maintain information systems.

The __________ is the traditional methodology used to develop,maintain,and replace information systems.

__________ is the first phase of the SDLC in which an organization's total information system needs are identified,analyzed,prioritized,and arranged.

__________ is the second phase of the SDLC in which system requirements are studied and structured.

__________ is the third phase of the SDLC in which the description of the recommended solution is converted into logical and then physical system specifications.

__________ is the part of the design phase of the SDLC in which all functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis are described independently of any computer platform.

__________ is the part of the design phase of the SDLC in which the logical specifications of the system from logical design are transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished.

__________ is the fourth phase of the SDLC in which the information system is coded,tested,installed,and supported in the organization.

__________ is the final phase of the SDLC in which an information system is systematically repaired and improved.

The traditional waterfall life cycle locked users into __________ that had been previously determined.

One criticism of the traditional waterfall SDLC is that the role of __________ was narrowly defined.

__________ are software tools that provide automated support for some portion of the systems development process.

__________ tools enable system process,data and control structures to be represented graphically.

Computer display and report generators help prototype how systems __________ and __________.

A central __________ enables the integrated storage of specifications,diagrams,reports and project management information.

__________ is an approach to develop information systems that promises better and cheaper systems as well as rapid deployment.

RAD depends on extensive __________ involvement.

One of the newer current approaches to systems development is called __________

For an SOA approach to be successful,a large number of __________ would have to be identified and made available for various applications to access.

The Agile Methodologies focus on __________ rather than predictive methodologies.

The Agile Methodologies focus on people rather than __________.

Agile Methodologies are recommended for a project if it has responsible and motivated __________.

eXtreme Programming involves programmers working in __________.

One of the advantages of eXtreme programming is higher levels of __________.

__________ refers to systems development methodologies and techniques based on objects rather than data or processes.

An __________ is a structure that encapsulates attributes and methods that operate on those attributes.

__________ is the property that occurs when entity types or object classes are arranged in a hierarchy and each entity type or object class assumes the attributes and methods of its ancestors.

An __________ is a logical grouping of objects that have the same (or similar)attributes and behaviors (methods).

The __________ is an object-oriented systems development methodology; it establishes four phases of development.

During the __________ of RUP,analysts define the scope,determine the feasibility of the project,understand user requirements,and prepare a software development plan.

During the __________ phase of RUP,the software is actually coded,tested,and documented.

During the __________ phase of RUP,analysts detail user requirements and develop a baseline architecture.

The four phases of RUP include __________,__________,__________,and __________.

Match each of the following RUP phases with its corresponding definition. a.inception b.elaboration c.construction d.transition -During this phase,analysts define the scope,determine the feasibility of the project,understand user requirements,and prepare a software development plan.

Match each of the following RUP phases with its corresponding definition. a.inception b.elaboration c.construction d.transition -During this phase,the system is deployed and the users are trained and supported.

Match each of the following RUP phases with its corresponding definition. a.inception b.elaboration c.construction d.transition -During this phase,the software is actually coded,tested,and documented.

Match each of the following RUP phases with its corresponding definition. a.inception b.elaboration c.construction d.transition -During this phase,analysts detail user requirements and develop a baseline architecture.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.object-oriented analysis and design b.object c.inheritance d.object class e.Rational Unified Process -An object-oriented systems development methodology; it establishes four phases of development: inception,elaboration,construction,and transition; each phase is organized into a number of separate iterations.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.object-oriented analysis and design b.object c.inheritance d.object class e.Rational Unified Process -Systems development methodologies and techniques based on objects rather than data or processes.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.object-oriented analysis and design b.object c.inheritance d.object class e.Rational Unified Process -The property that occurs when entity types or object classes are arranged in a hierarchy and each entity type or object class assumes the attributes and methods of its ancestors.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.object-oriented analysis and design b.object c.inheritance d.object class e.Rational Unified Process -A structure that encapsulates attributes and methods that operate on those attributes.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.object-oriented analysis and design b.object c.inheritance d.object class e.Rational Unified Process -A logical grouping of objects that have the same attributes and behaviors.

Match each of the following SDLC phases with its corresponding definition. a.maintenance b.design c.analysis d.implementation e.planning -The first phase of the SDLC in which an organization's total information system needs are identified,analyzed,prioritized,and arranged.

Match each of the following SDLC phases with its corresponding definition. a.maintenance b.design c.analysis d.implementation e.planning -The second phase of the SDLC in which system requirements are studied and structured.

Match each of the following SDLC phases with its corresponding definition. a.maintenance b.design c.analysis d.implementation e.planning -The third phase of the SDLC in which the description of the recommended solution is converted into logical and then physical system specifications.

Match each of the following SDLC phases with its corresponding definition. a.maintenance b.design c.analysis d.implementation e.planning -The fourth phase of the SDLC,in which the information system is coded,tested,installed,and supported in the organization.

Match each of the following SDLC phases with its corresponding definition. a.maintenance b.design c.analysis d.implementation e.planning -The final phase of the SDLC in which an information system is systematically repaired and improved.

Match each of the following phases with its corresponding products,outputs,or deliverables.(Answers may occur more than once.) a.maintenance b.analysis c.implementation d.planning e.design -Code,documentation,training procedures,and support capabilities.

Match each of the following phases with its corresponding products,outputs,or deliverables.(Answers may occur more than once.) a.maintenance b.analysis c.implementation d.planning e.design -New versions or releases of software with associated updates to documentation,training,and support.

Match each of the following phases with its corresponding products,outputs,or deliverables.(Answers may occur more than once.) a.maintenance b.analysis c.implementation d.planning e.design -Detailed steps,or work plan,for a project; specification of system scope and high-level system requirements or features; assignment of team members and other resources; system justification or business case.

Match each of the following phases with its corresponding products,outputs,or deliverables.(Answers may occur more than once.) a.maintenance b.analysis c.implementation d.planning e.design -Description of current system and where problems or opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix,enhance,or replace the current system; explanation of alternative systems and justification for the chosen alternative.

Match each of the following phases with its corresponding products,outputs,or deliverables.(Answers may occur more than once.) a.maintenance b.analysis c.implementation d.planning e.design -Technical,detailed specifications of all system elements; acquisition plan for new technology.

Match each of the following phases with its corresponding products,outputs,or deliverables.(Answers may occur more than once.) a.maintenance b.analysis c.implementation d.planning e.design -Functional,detailed specifications of all system elements.

List and define the five major SDLC phases.

What are methodologies,techniques,and tools?

Identify the products of the SDLC phases.

What is RAD? Compare and contrast RAD to the traditional SDLC.

What is meant by Agile Methodologies? Identify the three key principles that the Agile Methodologies share.

Describe Service-oriented Architecture (SOA)

What is object-oriented analysis and design?

Identify and briefly describe the four RUP phases.