Quiz 8: Structuring System Data Requirements

The characteristics of data captured during data modeling are crucial in the design of databases,programs,computer screens,and printed reports.

Processes,rather than data,are the most complex aspects of many modern information systems.

The purpose of the conceptual data model is to show as many rules about the meaning and interrelationships among data as possible.

The names of data stores on primitive-level data flow diagrams often correspond to the names of data entities in entity-relationship diagrams.

The primary deliverable from the conceptual data modeling step within the analysis phase is an entity-relationship diagram.

A deliverable from conceptual data modeling is a set of entries about data objects to be stored in the project dictionary or repository

The top-down approach to data modeling derives the business rules for a data model from an intimate understanding of the nature of the business.

The bottom-up approach to data modeling derives a data model by reviewing specific business documents.

In order to determine the integrity rules,minimum and maximum cardinality,and time dimensions of data,an analyst might ask,"Are values for data characteristics limited in any way?"

An entity is a person,place,object,event,or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data.

Social security number,last name,and first name are entity types.

Book,supplier,and state are entity types.

An ellipse represents an entity on an entity-relationship diagram.

Use a verb or verb phrase to name an entity.

A true data entity will have many possible instances,each with a distinguishing characteristic,as well as one or more other descriptive pieces of data.

An entity instance is a single occurrence of an entity type.

Employee identification number,name,address,and skill are attributes.

An order number is a good example of a candidate key.

A faculty identification number can serve as an identifier.

A primary key should be null.

An identifier is a candidate key that has been selected as the unique,identifying characteristic for an entity type.

When selecting an identifier,one should choose a candidate key that will not change its value over the life of each instance of the entity type.

Analysts should use intelligent keys as identifiers.

Analysts should substitute single-attribute surrogate keys for large composite keys.

Referencing an employee entity,an employee's skills are a multivalued attribute.

One way to handle repeating data within an entity is to separate the repeating data into another entity,called a weak entity.

A multivalued attribute is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance.

A repeating group is a set of two or more multivalued attributes that are logically related.

A join is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization.

Relationships are labeled with verb phrases.

The goal of conceptual data modeling is to capture as much of the meaning of data as possible.

A ternary relationship is a relationship between the instances of one entity type.

A unary relationship is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling.

A ternary relationship is the equivalent of three binary relationships.

Cardinality is the number of instances of entity B that can (or must)be associated with each instance of entity A.

The minimum cardinality of a relationship is the minimum number of instances of entity B that may be associated with each instance of entity A.

A plural relationship is a relationship that the data modeler chooses to model as entity type.

A relationship must be turned into an associative entity when the associative entity has other relationships with entities besides the relationship that caused its creation.

On an entity relationship diagram,total specialization is shown by a single line from the supertype to the subtype.

Conceptual data modeling for an Internet-based electronic commerce application differs significantly from the process followed when analyzing the data needs for other types of applications.

Universal data models and industry-specific data models are two types of packaged conceptual data models.

Entity integrity means each instance of an entity type must have a unique identifier that is not null.

Referential integrity constraints are rules concerning the relationships between entity types.

Triggers are constraints on valid values for attributes.

Domains are other business rules that protect the validity of attribute values.

Business rules are specifications that preserve the integrity of the physical data model.

Domains are constraints on valid values for attributes.

Triggering operations are other business rules that protect the validity of attribute values.

Some systems developers believe that a data model is the most important part of the statement of information system requirements because: A)the characteristics of data captured during data modeling are crucial in the design of databases,programs,computer screens,and printed reports B)data rather than processes are the most complex aspects of many modern information systems and thus require a central role in structuring system requirements C)the characteristics about data are reasonably permanent D)all of the above

Which of the following is a true statement? A)Data characteristics are dynamic. B)A data model explains the transient form of an organization. C)An information system design based on a data orientation,rather than a process or logic orientation,should have a longer useful life. D)Data flow paths are permanent.

The most common format used for data modeling is: A)state-transition diagramming B)entity-relationship diagramming C)process modeling D)decision table diagramming

During requirements structuring: A)an E-R model represents conceptual data requirements for a particular system B)the conceptual E-R data model is refined before it is translated into a logical format from which database definition and physical database design are done C)an enterprise-wide data model with very broad categories of data and little detail is prepared D)a specific E-R model is built to help explain the scope of a particular systems analysis and design effort

Conceptual data modeling is typically done in parallel with other requirements analysis and structuring steps during: A)logical design B)physical design C)analysis D)implementation

Process,logic,and data model descriptions of a system must be consistent and complete because: A)they each describe different but complementary views of the same information system B)they are prepared during the analysis phase C)they are constructed in parallel by separate analyst teams D)programming tasks require the integration of the information contained in the diagrams

An E-R model with attributes is prepared during: A)design B)project identification and selection C)analysis D)project initiation and planning

The primary deliverable from the conceptual modeling step within the analysis phase is a(n): A)state-transition diagram B)E-R diagram C)context data flow diagram D)decision tree

The data modeling perspective that derives the business rules for a data model from an intimate understanding of the nature of the business,rather than from any specific information requirements in screens,reports,or business forms,is referred to as the: A)top-down approach B)bottom-up approach C)overview approach D)business approach

The three main constructs of the entity-relationship modeling notation include each of the following except: A)data entities B)data flows C)relationships D)attributes

A detailed,logical representation of the entities,associations,and data elements for an organization or business area defines: A)entity-relationship diagram B)conceptual model C)entity-relationship model D)data flow diagram

A person,place,object,event,or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data refers to a(n): A)attribute B)data element C)relationship D)entity

A collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics defines: A)entity type B)entity instance C)entity occurrence D)entity collection

A single occurrence of an entity type defines: A)entity instance B)entity appearance C)attribute D)data element

A named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization defines: A)attribute B)relationship C)instance D)gerund

An attribute (or combination of attributes)that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type defines: A)data element occurrence B)trigger C)candidate key D)gerund

When selecting an identifier,one should: A)use intelligent keys B)use large composite keys instead of single-attribute surrogate keys C)choose a candidate key that will not change its value over the life of each instance of the entity type D)choose a candidate key such that for each instance of the entity,the attribute is guaranteed to have valid values or is null

A candidate key that has been selected as the unique,identifying characteristic for an entity type is called a(n): A)attribute B)identifier C)secondary key D)gerund

For each entity,the name of the identifier is: A)identified by using a double-lined ellipse B)underlined on an E-R diagram C)bold on an E-R diagram D)written in all capital letters on an E-R diagram

An attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance is referred to as a: A)gerund B)multivalued attribute C)nonexclusive attribute D)supertype

If each employee can have more than one skill,then SKILL is referred to as a: A)gerund B)multivalued attribute C)nonexclusive attribute D)repeating attribute

A set of two or more multivalued attributes that are logically related defines: A)relationship B)gerund C)repeating group D)class

An association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization best defines: A)occurrence B)relationship C)coupling D)cardinality

If STUDENT and COURSE participate in a relationship,their relationship is a(n): A)unary relationship B)binary relationship C)ternary relationship D)extraordinary relationship

A simultaneous relationship among instances of three entity types is a: A)unary relationship B)binary relationship C)ternary relationship D)multiple occurrence

The number of instances of entity B that can (or must)be associated with each instance of entity A refers to: A)cardinality B)domain C)ternary occurrence D)participation level

The minimum number of instances of entity B that may be associated with each instance of entity A defines the: A)degree of the relationship B)minimum cardinality of the relationship C)maximum cardinality of the relationship D)domain of the relationship

If entity B is a mandatory participant,then: A)the minimum cardinality of the relationship is two B)the minimum cardinality of the relationship cannot be defined C)the minimum cardinality of the relationship is one D)the minimum cardinality of the relationship is optional

A relationship that the data modeler chooses to model as an entity type best defines: A)recursive relationship B)associative entity C)domain D)complex relationship

A subgrouping of the entities in an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other subgroupings best defines: A)child node B)disjoined entity C)subtype D)supertype

Which of the following specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship? A)total specialization rule B)partial specialization rule C)disjoint rule D)overlap rule

Which of the following specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more)subtypes? A)total specialization rule B)partial specialization rule C)disjoint rule D)overlap rule

Which of the following specifies that an entity instance of the supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype? A)total specialization rule B)partial specialization rule C)disjoint rule D)overlap rule

Which of the following specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype? A)total specialization rule B)partial specialization rule C)disjoint rule D)overlap rule

Specifications that preserve the integrity of the logical data model are: A)requirements specifications B)integrity restrictions C)business limitations D)business rules

Which of the following addresses the rules concerning the relationships between entity types? A)referential integrity constraints B)triggering operations C)entity integrity D)domains

Which of the following specifies that each instance of an entity type must have a unique identifier that is not null? A)referential integrity constraints B)triggering operations C)entity integrity D)domains

Which of the following refers to the set of all data types and values that an attribute can assume? A)referential integrity constraints B)triggering operations C)entity integrity D)domains

Which of the following refers to an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert,update,and delete? A)referential integrity constraints B)triggering operations C)entity integrity D)domains

The set of all data types and ranges of values that an attribute can assume defines: A)cardinality B)constraint set C)domain D)reference set

An assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert,update,and delete is: A)triggering operation B)entity integrity C)referential integrity constraints D)domains

The data manipulation operation (insert,delete,or update)that initiates the operation is called a(n): A)condition B)action C)user rule D)event

A concise statement of the business rule to be enforced by the triggering operation refers to: A)user rule B)condition C)action D)event

The condition that causes the operation to be triggered. A)condition B)user rule C)entity name D)user rule

All of the following are benefits of database patterns and packaged data models EXCEPT: A)purchased models are proven from extensive experience B)systems analysis is facilitated C)purchased models are very specific D)purchased models anticipate future needs

A __________ is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations.

An __________ is a detailed,logical representation of the entities,associations,and data elements for an organization or business area.

An __________ is a single occurrence of an entity type.

An __________ is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization.

An __________ is a candidate key that has been selected as the unique,identifying characteristic for an entity type.

A __________ is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance.

A __________ is a set of two or more multivalued attributes that are logically related.

A __________ is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization.

A __________ is a relationship between the instances of one entity type.

A __________ is a relationship between instances of two entity types.

A __________ is a simultaneous relationship among instances of three entity types.

__________ refers to the number of instances of entity B that can (or must)be associated with each instance of entity A.

An __________ is an entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances.

A __________ is a subgrouping of the entities in an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other subgroupings.

A __________ is a generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes.

The __________ specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype,it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype.

The __________ specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more)subtypes.

The __________ specifies that an entity instance of the supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype.

A __________ is the set of all data types and range of values that an attribute can assume.

A __________ is an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert,update,and delete.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -A single occurrence of an entity type.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -A subgrouping of the entities in an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other subgroupings.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -A generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -A named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -A person,place,object,event or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -A collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.entity b.entity type c.attribute d.multivalued attribute e.entity instance f.supertype g.subtype -An attribute that can have more than one value for each entity instance.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -Specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype,it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -Specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more)subtypes.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -Specifies that an entity instance of the supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -Specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A many-to-many (or one-to-one)relationship that the data modeler chooses to model as an entity type with several associated one-to-many relationships with other entity types.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A set of two or more multivalued attributes that are logically related.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -An association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A relationship between instances of two entity types.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A simultaneous relationship among instances of three entity types.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A relationship between the instances of one entity type.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -The name of the identifier of each entity is underlined on an E-R diagram.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -To illustrate a multivalued attribute,enclose it in curly brackets.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -On E-R diagrams,relationships are labeled with verb phrases.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -To illustrate a multivalued attribute,separate the repeating data into another entity,then using a relationship,link the weak entity to its associated regular entity.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A recursive relationship is a relationship between the instances of two entity types.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -A singular noun is used to name an entity type.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -Upper- and lower-case letters are used in naming an entity type.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -An entity instance is a single occurrence of an entity type.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.unary relationship b.ternary relationship c.binary relationship d.relationship e.repeating group f.associative entity g.disjoint rule h.overlap rule i.partial specialization rule j.total specialization rule -Many instances of an entity type are represented by data stored in the database.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.business rule b.disjoint rule c.overlap rule d.partial specialization rule e.total specialization rule -Specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype,it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.business rule b.disjoint rule c.overlap rule d.partial specialization rule e.total specialization rule -Specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more)subtypes.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.business rule b.disjoint rule c.overlap rule d.partial specialization rule e.total specialization rule -Specifies that an entity instance of the supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.business rule b.disjoint rule c.overlap rule d.partial specialization rule e.total specialization rule -Specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship.

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition. a.business rule b.disjoint rule c.overlap rule d.partial specialization rule e.total specialization rule -Specifications that preserve the integrity of a conceptual or logical data model.

Define the following key data modeling terms: entity,attribute,relationship,degree,cardinality,and associative entity.

Discuss unary,binary,and ternary relationships.Provide an example of each.

Contrast data modeling to process modeling and logic modeling.

What are multivalued attributes and repeating groups? Provide an example of each.

What is the role of CASE in conceptual modeling? What information is placed in the CASE repository during conceptual modeling?

What is a triggering operation? What components are included? Provide an example.

Define domains for the following attributes: GPA,rank,and age.

Assume you work for Technology Central,an organization that provides on-site technology seminars for various companies.Identify at least four entities that your company would track.Build a conceptual model.

Briefly identify four important business rules for supertype/subtype relationships.