Quiz 2: The Origins of Software
Computing
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Q 3Q 3
Internal corporate information systems departments now spend a smaller portion of their time and effort on developing systems from scratch.
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Q 4Q 4
Third-party sourcing is the practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization's information systems applications and operations to an outside firm.
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Q 9Q 9
A company may consider outsourcing if it feels that its core mission does not involve managing an information systems unit and that it might achieve more effective computing by turning over all of its operations to a more experienced,computer-oriented company.
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Q 12Q 12
Hardware manufacturers,packaged software producers,custom software producers,enterprisewide solutions,application server providers,and in-house developers are sources of software.
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Q 15Q 15
Software companies will test their systems in actual organizations to determine whether there are any problems or if any improvements can be made,and until this testing is complete,the system is not offered for sale to the general public.
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Q 16Q 16
In many instances,off-the-shelf software can meet an organization's needs over 80 percent of the time.
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Q 17Q 17
In general,custom software producers do not use the same methodologies,techniques,and tools that companies use to develop systems in house.
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Q 18Q 18
All off-the-shelf software systems can be modified to meet the specific,individual needs of a particular organization.
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Q 19Q 19
Properly designed turnkey systems will perfectly match the way an organization does business.
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Q 20Q 20
A reasonable estimate is that off-the-shelf software can at best meet 70 percent of an organization's needs.
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Q 21Q 21
A turnkey system integrates individual,traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems.
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Q 22Q 22
Referencing enterprise solutions,the difference between the modules and traditional approaches is that the modules are integrated to focus on the business functional areas,rather than on business processes.
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Q 23Q 23
Using enterprise software solutions,a firm can integrate all parts of a business process in a unified information system.
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Q 24Q 24
One of the primary benefits of using an enterprise software solution is the short time period required for implementation.
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Q 26Q 26
The benefits of the enterprise solutions approach include a single repository of data for all aspects of a business process and the flexibility of the separate systems.
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Q 27Q 27
Another method for organizations to obtain applications is to rent them or license them from third-party providers who run the applications at remote sites.
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Q 28Q 28
IBM captured a large share of the ERP market through its own financial systems and through the acquisition of other ERP vendors.
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Q 30Q 30
A disadvantage of cloud computing is the increased need for internal information technology staff.
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Q 31Q 31
Advantages to cloud computing include gaining access to applications faster than via internal development,and achieving lower-cost access to corporate-quality applications.
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Q 32Q 32
The choice to acquire software from outside sources is made at the end of the systems design phase.
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Q 33Q 33
When choosing off-the-shelf software,cost,functionality,response time,and ease of installation are some of the common criteria that should be considered.
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Q 34Q 34
When choosing off-the-shelf software,the two most important criteria are functionality and ease of installation.
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Q 35Q 35
Functionality refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory,essential,and desired system features.
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Q 37Q 37
Hybrid solutions involving some purchased and some in-house software components are not very common.
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Q 38Q 38
Open source software is different because it is freely available,not just the final product but the source code itself.
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Q 39Q 39
Purchasing software is part of one design strategy for acquiring the system identified during analysis.
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Q 41Q 41
Flexibility refers to how long it takes the software package to respond to the user's requests in an interactive session.
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Q 42Q 42
One way to get all of the information you want about a software package is to collect it from the vendor.
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Q 43Q 43
One method for validating purchased software information is to contact current users of the software.
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Q 44Q 44
A request for proposal is a document provided to vendors that asks them to propose hardware and system software that will meet the requirements of a new system.
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Q 45Q 45
Baan is a software testing and abstracting service that periodically evaluates software and collects user opinions.
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Q 46Q 46
Reuse refers to the use of previously written software resources,especially objects and components,in new applications.
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Q 47Q 47
According to a study cited in the textbook,most organizations cannot compete economically with established commercial organizations that focus on selling components as their main line of business.
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Q 48Q 48
Sources of software include:
A)information technology services firm
B)packaged software providers
C)application service providers
D)all of the above
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Q 49Q 49
The first administrative information system was:
A)General Motor's order tracking system
B)Ford Motor Company's order tracking system
C)General Electric's payroll system
D)Coca-Cola's payroll system
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Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
Which of the following is a true statement regarding in-house development?
A)In-house development of information systems has increased by a factor of 3 in the last three years.
B)In-house development of information systems has increased by 42 percent in the last three years.
C)In-house development of information systems has progressively become a smaller piece of all the systems development work that takes place in and for organizations.
D)When developing administrative systems,in-house development of information systems is still the best choice.
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Q 51Q 51
Reasons for outsourcing include:
A)freeing up internal resources
B)increasing processing efficiencies
C)reducing time to market
D)all of the above
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Q 52Q 52
The practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization's information systems applications and operations to an outside firm is referred to as:
A)realignment
B)downsizing
C)outsourcing
D)time sharing
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Q 53Q 53
Hiring a company to run your applications at your site on your computers is an example of:
A)a turnkey system
B)outsourcing
C)downsizing
D)realignment
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Q 54Q 54
Which of the following companies are ranked in the 2007 top global software companies?
A)IBM
B)Microsoft
C)Capgemmi
D)all of the above
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Q 55Q 55
Based on 2007 total revenues,which of the following top global software companies had the highest revenues?
A)Accenture
B)IBM
C)Microsoft
D)NTT Data Corporation
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Q 56Q 56
Based on total revenues for 2007,which of the following global software companies ranks fourth?
A)Microsoft
B)IBM
C)Accenture
D)EDS
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Q 57Q 57
Off-the-shelf software systems that cannot be modified to meet the specific needs of a particular organization are sometimes called:
A)custom software systems
B)in-house developed systems
C)turnkey systems
D)standard systems
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Q 58Q 58
Based on 2007 services revenue,which of the following companies is the top global software company?
A)Compaq
B)Microsoft
C)Accenture
D)IBM
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Q 59Q 59
A system that integrates individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems best describes:
A)enterprise resource planning
B)application service
C)storage area network
D)packaged software
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Q 60Q 60
SAP AG is a(n):
A)hardware manufacturer
B)application service provider
C)enterprise solution software provider
D)custom software producer
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Q 61Q 61
Benefits of enterprise solutions do not include:
A)the flexibility of modules
B)ease of implementation and less implementation time
C)being an inexpensive alternative to custom development
D)not requiring the company to change how it does business
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Multiple Choice
Q 62Q 62
A major vendor that provides enterprise solution software is:
A)Microsoft
B)SAP AG
C)Macromedia
D)Adobe
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Q 63Q 63
One of the top three reasons for choosing to go with cloud computing is:
A)having internal IT staff run the application
B)hosting the application internally
C)having IT staff install and upgrade
D)freeing internal IT staff
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Q 64Q 64
Some of the most well-known and popular open source software names are:
A)Linux
B)mySQL
C)Firefox
D)all of the above
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Q 65Q 65
Displays and reports may be easily redesigned if the modules are written in:
A)fourth-generation language
B)third-generation language
C)object-oriented language
D)English language
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Q 66Q 66
The choice to acquire software from outside sources should be made:
A)at the beginning of the analysis phase
B)at the middle of the analysis phase
C)at the end of the analysis phase
D)at the end of the design phase
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Multiple Choice
Q 67Q 67
Which of the following describes the internal staffing requirements when software components are acquired from packaged software producers?
A)Some internal staff are necessary,but mostly consultants are needed.
B)Some IS and user staff to define requirements and evaluate packages are needed.
C)Internal staff may be needed,depending on the application.
D)Internal staffing requirements vary.
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Multiple Choice
Q 68Q 68
Which of the following describes the internal staffing requirements when software components are acquired from enterprise wide solutions providers?
A)Some internal staff are necessary,but mostly consultants are needed.
B)Some IS and user staff to define requirements and evaluate packages are needed.
C)Internal staff may be needed,depending on the application.
D)Internal staffing requirements vary.
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Q 69Q 69
According to a study cited in the textbook,which of the following development methods can lead to a larger maintenance burden?
A)in-house development
B)packaged software
C)outsourcing
D)enterprisewide solutions
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Q 70Q 70
Which of the following software producers is generally not a source of application software?
A)custom software producers
B)enterprise solution producers
C)packaged software producers
D)in-house developers
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Q 71Q 71
When purchasing off-the-shelf software,you should consider:
A)flexibility
B)response time
C)vendor viability
D)all of the above
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Q 72Q 72
When choosing off-the-shelf software,which of the following are the two most important criteria?
A)vendor viability and vendor support
B)cost and functionality
C)documentation and response time
D)flexibility and functionality
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Q 73Q 73
Which of the following software criteria refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory,essential,and desired system features?
A)cost
B)vendor viability
C)functionality
D)flexibility
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Q 74Q 74
Which of the following software criteria determines whether the software package can perform all or just some of the software tasks your users need?
A)cost
B)vendor viability
C)functionality
D)flexibility
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Q 75Q 75
Vendor support can take the form of:
A)providing assistance to install software
B)training users and system staff on the software
C)providing help as problems arise after installation
D)all of the above
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Q 76Q 76
Which of the following software evaluation criteria refers to the ease with which you or the vendor can customize the software?
A)cost
B)vendor viability
C)functionality
D)flexibility
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Q 77Q 77
Which of the software evaluation criteria refers to how long it takes the software package to respond to the user's requests in an interactive session?
A)functionality
B)return rate
C)response time
D)flexibility
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Q 78Q 78
Which of the following software evaluation criteria measures the difficulty of loading the software and making it operational?
A)ease of installation
B)installation viability
C)functionality
D)flexibility
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Q 79Q 79
Which of the following are ways of validating purchased software information?
A)reviewing software documentation and technical marketing literature
B)sending prospective vendors a questionnaire asking specific questions about their packages
C)using the software yourself and running it through a series of tests based on the criteria for selecting software
D)all of the above
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Q 80Q 80
The document sent to vendors asking them to propose hardware and software that will meet the requirements of your new system is called a:
A)requirements statement
B)request for proposal
C)baseline project plan
D)business case
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Q 81Q 81
Which of the following is a true statement about reusing software?
A)Reuse should increase programmer productivity.
B)Reuse should decrease development time.
C)Reuse should result in higher-quality software.
D)All of the above.
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Q 82Q 82
The reuse of object libraries can result in:
A)reduced rework
B)reduced defect density
C)increased productivity
D)all of the above
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Q 83Q 83
When considering reuse,which of the following issues should be addressed?
A)the current lack of a methodology for creating and clearly defining and labeling reusable components for placement in a library
B)the lack of commitment to reuse
C)lack of proper training and rewards needed to promote reuse
D)all of the above
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Q 84Q 84
Which of the following is the software reuse step that involves the design of a reusable piece of software,starting from existing software assets or from scratch?
A)storage
B)abstraction
C)recontextualization
D)conceptualization
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Q 85Q 85
Which of the following is the software reuse step that involves making software assets available for others to use?
A)storage
B)abstraction
C)recontextualization
D)conceptualization
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Q 86Q 86
Which of the following is the software reuse step that involves making the reusable asset understandable to developers who want to use it in their systems?
A)storage
B)abstraction
C)recontextualization
D)conceptualization
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Q 87Q 87
Which of the following is not an approach that an organization can take to software reuse?
A)flexible reuse
B)facilitated reuse
C)ad hoc reuse
D)managed reuse
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Q 88Q 88
The software reuse approach that allows individuals to find or develop reusable assets on their own,and has few,if any,organizational rewards for reusing assets best describes:
A)flexible reuse
B)facilitated reuse
C)ad hoc reuse
D)managed reuse
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Q 89Q 89
The software reuse approach where developers are not required to practice reuse,but are encouraged to do so best describes:
A)flexible reuse
B)facilitated reuse
C)ad hoc reuse
D)managed reuse
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Multiple Choice
Q 90Q 90
Which of the following is a software reuse approach that mandates the development,sharing,and adoption of reusable assets?
A)flexible reuse
B)facilitated reuse
C)ad hoc reuse
D)managed reuse
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Q 91Q 91
The most expensive and extensive reuse approach is:
A)designed reuse
B)facilitated reuse
C)ad hoc reuse
D)managed reuse
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Q 92Q 92
__________ is the practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization's information systems applications and operations to an outside firm.
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Q 93Q 93
__________ are off-the-shelf software systems that cannot be modified to meet the specific,individual needs of a particular organization.
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Q 94Q 94
__________ integrate individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems.
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Q 95Q 95
__________ enable a firm to integrate all parts of a business process into a unified information system.
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Q 96Q 96
A __________ is an organization that hosts and runs computer applications for other companies,typically on a per use or license basis.
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Q 97Q 97
When choosing off-the-shelf software,the eight most common criteria are __________,__________,__________,__________,__________,__________,__________,and __________.
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Q 98Q 98
When considering off-the-shelf software,the two most important criteria are __________ and __________.
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Q 99Q 99
When resources and staff are available and the system must be built from scratch,a company should consider __________.
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Q 101Q 101
When a supported task is generic,a company should consider acquiring its software from a __________.
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Q 102Q 102
__________ is ranked in the 2007 top 10 global software companies and is in the operating systems software business sector.
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Q 103Q 103
__________ refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory,essential,and desired system features.
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Q 104Q 104
__________ includes assistance to install the software,train user and systems staff on the software,and provide help as problems arise after installation.
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Q 106Q 106
__________ refers to how long it takes the software package to respond to the user's request in an interactive session.
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Q 107Q 107
__________ is a measure of the difficulty of loading the software and making it operational.
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Q 108Q 108
__________ periodically evaluate software and collect user opinions,thus providing a range of opinions about possible software packages.
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Q 109Q 109
__________ refers to the use of previously written software resources,especially objects and components,in new applications.
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Q 111Q 111
__________ is the software reuse step that involves the design of a reusable piece of software,starting from existing software assets or from scratch.
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Q 112Q 112
__________ is the software reuse step that involves making software assets available for others to use.
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Q 113Q 113
__________ is the software reuse step that involves making the reusable asset understandable to developers who want to use it in their systems.
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Q 114Q 114
__________ is the software reuse approach where developers are not required to practice reuse,but are encouraged to do so.
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Q 115Q 115
__________ is the software reuse approach that mandates reuse and measures its effectiveness,as well as mandates that assets be designed for reuse as they are being designed for specific applications.
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Q 116Q 116
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.cloud computing
b.reuse
c.enterprise resource planning systems
d.outsourcing
e.request for proposal
-A document provided to vendors to ask them to propose hardware and system software that will meet the requirements of your new system.
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Short Answer
Q 117Q 117
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.cloud computing
b.reuse
c.enterprise resource planning systems
d.outsourcing
e.request for proposal
-The practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization's information systems applications and operations to an outside firm.
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Short Answer
Q 118Q 118
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.cloud computing
b.reuse
c.enterprise resource planning systems
d.outsourcing
e.request for proposal
-A system that integrates individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems.
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Short Answer
Q 119Q 119
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.cloud computing
b.reuse
c.enterprise resource planning systems
d.outsourcing
e.request for proposal
-The provision of computing resources over the Internet so that customers do not need to invest in the infrastructure to run and maintain an application.
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Short Answer
Q 120Q 120
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.cloud computing
b.reuse
c.enterprise resource planning systems
d.outsourcing
e.request for proposal
-The use of previously written software resources,especially objects and components,in new applications.
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Short Answer
Q 121Q 121
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.turnkey system
b.outsourcing
c.packaged software producer
d.vendor support
e.enterprise resource planning system
-Off-the-shelf software systems that cannot be modified to meet the specific,individual needs of a particular organization.
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Short Answer
Q 122Q 122
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.turnkey system
b.outsourcing
c.packaged software producer
d.vendor support
e.enterprise resource planning system
-The practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization's information systems applications and operations to an outside firm.
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Short Answer
Q 123Q 123
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.turnkey system
b.outsourcing
c.packaged software producer
d.vendor support
e.enterprise resource planning system
-A system that integrates individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems.
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Short Answer
Q 124Q 124
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.turnkey system
b.outsourcing
c.packaged software producer
d.vendor support
e.enterprise resource planning system
-Software companies that develop prepackaged or off-the-shelf systems.
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Q 125Q 125
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.turnkey system
b.outsourcing
c.packaged software producer
d.vendor support
e.enterprise resource planning system
-This occurs in the form of assistance to install the software,to train user and systems staff on the software,and provide help as problems arise after installation.
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Q 126Q 126
Match each of the following sources of software components with its internal staffing requirements.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT service firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
f.cloud computing
-Ideally,none.
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Q 127Q 127
Match each of the following sources of software components with its internal staffing requirements.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT service firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
f.cloud computing
-Some IS and user staff to define requirements and evaluate packages.
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Q 128Q 128
Match each of the following sources of software components with its internal staffing requirements.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT service firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
f.cloud computing
-Internal staff may be needed,depending on the application.
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Q 129Q 129
Match each of the following sources of software components with its internal staffing requirements.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT service firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
f.cloud computing
-It varies.
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Q 130Q 130
Match each of the following sources of software components with its internal staffing requirements.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT service firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
f.cloud computing
-Internal staff is necessary,though staff size may vary.
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Q 131Q 131
Match each of the following sources of software components with its internal staffing requirements.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT service firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
f.cloud computing
-Some internal staff is necessary,but mostly need consultants.
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Q 132Q 132
Indicate when software should be acquired from each of the following types of software producers.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT services firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
-When resources and staff are available and the system must be built from scratch.
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Q 133Q 133
Indicate when software should be acquired from each of the following types of software producers.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT services firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
-When the task requires custom support and the system cannot be built internally.
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Q 134Q 134
Indicate when software should be acquired from each of the following types of software producers.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT services firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
-For system software and utilities.
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Q 135Q 135
Indicate when software should be acquired from each of the following types of software producers.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT services firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
-When the supported task is generic.
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Q 136Q 136
Indicate when software should be acquired from each of the following types of software producers.
a.packaged software producers
b.IT services firms
c.in-house developers
d.hardware manufacturers
e.enterprise-wide solutions
-For complete systems that cross functional boundaries.
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Q 137Q 137
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding description.
a.reuse
b.ad hoc reuse
c.designed reuse
d.managed reuse
e.facilitated reuse
-Individuals find assets on their own,sharing with colleagues as they choose.
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Q 138Q 138
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding description.
a.reuse
b.ad hoc reuse
c.designed reuse
d.managed reuse
e.facilitated reuse
-The use of previously written software resources,especially objects and components,in new applications.
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Q 139Q 139
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding description.
a.reuse
b.ad hoc reuse
c.designed reuse
d.managed reuse
e.facilitated reuse
-The organization encourages and supports reuse with limited resources,infrastructure,and policies to make reuse easier.
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Q 140Q 140
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding description.
a.reuse
b.ad hoc reuse
c.designed reuse
d.managed reuse
e.facilitated reuse
-The organization invests in carefully designing assets for reuse,choosing assets for domain or product line.
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Q 141Q 141
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding description.
a.reuse
b.ad hoc reuse
c.designed reuse
d.managed reuse
e.facilitated reuse
-The organization enforces reuse practices through policies,resources,tools,and people.
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Q 143Q 143
Identify the most common criteria for choosing off-the-shelf software.Which two criteria would be among the most important?
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Q 144Q 144
What are enterprise resource planning systems? How do they differ from traditional approaches? Identify three enterprise resource planning system vendors.
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Q 146Q 146
What is outsourcing? Identify two outsourcing arrangements.Identify two reasons for outsourcing.
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