Quiz 10: Streams and Floods
Geology/Geography/Oceanography/Atmospheric Sciences
Q 1Q 1
The interrelationship of the hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere is visualized through the hydrogeologic cycle.
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True False
False
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True False
True
Q 3Q 3
Drainage basins are bowl-shaped depressions with a lake in the middle, and all streams in the basin discharge their water and sediment into that lake.
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True False
False
Q 4Q 4
A trellis stream pattern consists of parallel main streams with short tributaries meeting them at right angles.
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True False
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True False
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True False
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True False
Q 8Q 8
Hydraulic action refers to the ability of flowing water to pick up and move rock and sediment.
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True False
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True False
Q 10Q 10
The discharge of a stream is the volume of water that passes a given point in unit of time (for example, 50 cubic meters per second).
Free
True False
Q 11Q 11
A bar in a river channel is a ridge of sediment, usually sand and gravel, deposited in the middle or along the banks of a stream.
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True False
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True False
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True False
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True False
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True False
Q 16Q 16
Stream-dominated river deltas, like the Mississippi, display the characteristic triangular shape of a delta.
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True False
Q 17Q 17
An alluvial fan is a fan- or cone-shaped pile of sediment that forms where a stream emerges from a narrow mountain canyon.
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True False
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True False
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True False
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True False
Q 21Q 21
The gravel bed load of a stream moves by _____.
A) dissolution
B) solution
C) suspension
D) sliding and rolling
E) flotation
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
________ are low ridges of flood-deposited sediment that form on both sides of a stream channel and thin away from the channel.
A) Point bars
B) Natural levees
C) Oxbows
D) Cut banks
E) Deltas
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
The movement and interchange of water between the sea, air and land can be visualized by the ____.
A) longitudinal profile of a stream
B) channelization procedures
C) hydrologic cycle
D) hydrosphere interactions such as precipitation
E) solar radiation
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
A(n) ___ stream flows in a network of rivulets (subchannels) around numerous sandbars.
A) braided
B) meandering
C) incised
D) channelized
E) rilled
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Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
A stream can increase its length by _____.
A) building a delta
B) meandering
C) headward erosion
D) All of the answers are correct.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
A ridge or strip of ground separating one drainage basin from another is termed a ____.
A) delta
B) neck
C) crest
D) plateau
E) divide
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
Certain features on the planet Mars resemble _____ on Earth.
A) river channels
B) hydrologic cycle
C) alluvial fans
D) deltas
E) placer deposits
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 28Q 28
A(n) __ is the body of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river when the river's velocity decreases.
A) apron
B) alluvial fan
C) bar
D) delta
E) wart
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
A "100-year flood" has a _______ percent chance of occurring in any given year.
A) 1
B) 100
C) 10
D) 0.1
E) 0.01
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 30Q 30
Rivers may develop pronounced sinuous (wiggly) curves called a ___ pattern.
A) braided
B) meandering
C) incised
D) channelized
E) rilled
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 31Q 31
A cutoff meander may become a crescent-shaped __.
A) kettle lake
B) moraine lake
C) levee lake
D) oxbow lake
E) Yazoo lake
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 32Q 32
A _____ is a ridge of sediment built by sedimentation on the middle or banks of a stream channel.
A) levee
B) flood plain
C) meander loop
D) channel
E) bar
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 33Q 33
The ______ is the total area drained by a river and its tributaries.
A) flow area
B) divide
C) drainage basin
D) domain
E) hood
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 34Q 34
A stream's discharge is __.
A) the volume of dissolved mineral matter carried by the stream in a unit of time
B) the volume of solid sediment carried by the stream in a unit of time
C) the volume of water passing through a specific point along the stream in a unit of time.
D) the volume of excess water during flood stage
E) the average amount of water in the entire stream system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 35Q 35
Movement of cobbles and boulders by rolling, sliding, or dragging in a streambed is called ____ load.
A) dissolution
B) solution
C) suspension
D) traction
E) saltation
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 36Q 36
The limit to downcutting of a stream is called the ___ level.
A) head
B) base
C) flow
D) stream
E) foot
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 37Q 37
A ____ drainage pattern is one in which streams diverge outward likes spokes on a wheel.
A) jointed
B) tilted
C) compass
D) radial
E) conical
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 38Q 38
In North America, the ___ separates streams that flow into the Pacific Ocean from those that flow into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico.
A) Appalachian Mountain Range
B) Mississippi River
C) Continental Transect
D) Sierra Nevada Mountain Range
E) Continental Divide
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 39Q 39
_____ are low ridges of flood deposited sediment that form on either side of a stream channel and thin away from the channel.
A) Point bars
B) Natural levees
C) Incised meanders
D) Deltas
E) Oxbow lakes
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 40Q 40
___ influences the velocity of a river along with gradient.
A) Direction of flow
B) Channel shape and roughness
C) Temperature of the water
D) Chemistry of the water
E) Latitude of the river
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 41Q 41
A river's velocity is faster ____.
A) along the inside of a meander loop near the point bar
B) along the center line of the stream channel, exactly halfway between point bar and cut bank
C) along the outside of a meander loop near the cut bank
D) at the water's surface, in contact with the atmosphere
E) along the channel bed at the very deepest part of the channel
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 42Q 42
A stream can lengthen itself by ____.
A) headward erosion
B) deposition of a delta
C) meander-loop cut-off
D) stream discharge
E) Headward erosion and deposition of a delta are both correct, but meander-loop cut-off and stream discharge are incorrect.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 43Q 43
The ______ load is sediment light enough to remain lifted indefinitely above the bottom by water turbulence.
A) dissolution
B) solution
C) saltation
D) suspension
E) segregation
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 44Q 44
The delta of the ______ River is a wave-dominated delta that resembles the Greek letter delta and is the origin of the name.
A) Mississippi
B) Nile
C) Amazon
D) Colorado
E) Ganges
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 45Q 45
_____ refers to sand grain movement in a series of short leaps or bounces off the bottom.
A) Jumping
B) Floating
C) Saltation
D) Hopping
E) Vaulting
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 46Q 46
_____ meanders are meanders that retain their sinuous pattern as they cut vertically downward below the level at which they originally formed.
A) Incised
B) Excised
C) Excavated
D) Concentrated
E) Superposed
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 47Q 47
A graded stream can be deepening its channel by down cutting while part of its energy is also widening its valley by ______ erosion.
A) downward
B) longitudinal
C) lateral
D) distal
E) proximal
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 48Q 48
A(n) ___ is a step-like landform found above a stream and its floodplain. It is a remnant of an older flood plain or river-eroded flat surface.
A) levee
B) incised meander
C) cut bank
D) stream terrace
E) upland plateau
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 49Q 49
A(n) ____ stream is one that exhibits a delicate balance between its transporting capacity and the sediment load available to it.
A) graded
B) ephemeral
C) consequent
D) incised
E) beheaded
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
Flood control structures along the Mississippi River surrounding New Orleans are predominantly _____.
A) upstream dams
B) riprap lining
C) bypasses
D) artificial levees
E) All of the answers are correct.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 51Q 51
The process of deepening of a valley by erosion of a streambed is called __.
A) lateral erosion
B) down cutting
C) faulting
D) aggradation
E) subsidence
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 52Q 52
A(n) ___ drainage pattern of a river resembles a tree.
A) dendritic
B) trellis
C) bush
D) arbor
E) leaf
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 53Q 53
___ is/are sudden localized floods of large volume and short duration, often triggered by heavy rainstorms.
A) Sheetwash
B) Dry flooding
C) Flash floods
D) Channel erosion
E) Stream piracy
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 54Q 54
_______ deposits are found in streams where running water has mechanically concentrated heavy sediment such as gold.
A) Placer
B) Lag
C) Granular
D) Pebble
E) Agglomerated
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 55Q 55
Streams erode rock and sediment by ___.
A) hydraulic action
B) solution
C) abrasion
D) All answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 56Q 56
On large alluvial fans, the _____ sediment is deposited near the mountains.
A) finest
B) clay
C) coarsest
D) quartz
E) best sorted
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 57Q 57
Floods are described by ____, the average time between floods of a given size.
A) discharge
B) forecasting
C) calendar year
D) recurrence interval
E) lunar month
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 58Q 58
Deltas may be river dominated, tide dominated or _____.
A) tsunami dominated
B) wave dominated
C) glacier dominated
D) wind dominated
E) plate tectonic dominated
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 59Q 59
___ beds form the main body of a delta with angles of inclination up to 20 to 35 degrees in small sandy deltas.
A) Turbidite
B) Foreset
C) Backset
D) Bottomset
E) Topset
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 60Q 60
Discharge is the product of average stream width times average stream depth times ___.
A) stream velocity
B) stream sinuosity
C) stream elevation
D) stream gradient
E) stream temperature
Free
Multiple Choice