Quiz 15: Geologic Structures
Geology/Geography/Oceanography/Atmospheric Sciences
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Q 4Q 4
A fault in which movement is predominantly horizontal and parallel to a strike is called a strike-slip fault.
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Q 14Q 14
A rock that behaves in a ductile manner will bend under stress but will not return to its original shape.
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Q 21Q 21
_____ may cause a change in orientation, location, and shape of a rock body.
A) Deformation
B) Strain
C) Stress
D) Structural forces
E) Metamorphism
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Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
_____ stress results in a stretching or extension of material.
A) Compressive
B) Oblique
C) Tensional
D) Horizontal
E) Parallel
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Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
Rocks typically exhibit _____ behavior at or near the surface where temperatures and pressures are low.
A) extensional
B) elastic
C) compressive
D) brittle
E) plastic
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Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
The fact that a rock is folded or bent shows that it behaved as a _____ material.
A) ductile
B) elastic
C) brittle
D) solid
E) rubbery
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Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
_____ folds have limbs that dip gently and the angle between the limbs is large.
A) Recumbent
B) Anticlinal
C) Domes
D) Structural
E) Open
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Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
Geologists sometimes find valuable ore deposits by studying the orientation of ____, fractures or cracks in a rock body along which no displacement has occurred.
A) dips
B) faults
C) joints
D) strikes
E) folds
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Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
_____ are usually associated with shortening of rock layers along convergent plate boundaries.
A) Faults
B) Folds
C) Basins
D) Metamorphic rocks
E) Transforms
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Q 28Q 28
A ____ uses standardized symbols and patterns to represent rock types and geologic structures.
A) correlation map
B) geologic column
C) Google Maps
D) topographic map
E) geologic map
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Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
_____ stress results in rocks being shortened or flattened.
A) Elastic
B) Compressive
C) Tensional
D) Orthogonal
E) Horizontal
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Multiple Choice
Q 30Q 30
Stress is ______.
A) force per unit of area
B) change in volume
C) regional metamorphism
D) change in length to original length
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Multiple Choice
Q 31Q 31
If a deformed material recovers its original shape after stress is reduced, the behavior is __.
A) brittle
B) elastic
C) plastic
D) tensional
E) compressional
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Multiple Choice
Q 32Q 32
An anticline is a fold shaped like a(n) ____ with the oldest rock in the center of the fold.
A) cone
B) umbrella
C) arch
D) W
E) V
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Multiple Choice
Q 33Q 33
In cross section a structural basin looks like a ______.
A) dome
B) normal fault
C) anticline
D) bowl
E) reverse fault
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Multiple Choice
Q 34Q 34
Where joints are oriented approximately parallel to one another a _____ can be defined.
A) thrust fault
B) overturned fold
C) recumbent folds
D) joint stress
E) joint set
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Multiple Choice
Q 35Q 35
Normal and reverse faults are the most common types of _____.
A) dip-slip faults
B) strike-slip faults
C) tensional faults
D) compressional faults
E) grabens
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Multiple Choice
Q 36Q 36
The side of the fault above the inclined fault surface is the ___.
A) footwall
B) hanging wall
C) isoclinal wall
D) plunging wall
E) sheet wall
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Multiple Choice
Q 37Q 37
In a _____ fault the hanging wall block moves down relative to the footwall block.
A) thrust
B) reverse
C) normal
D) strike-slip
E) compressional
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Multiple Choice
Q 38Q 38
A map symbol similar to the letter "T" is used to record ______ on a map.
A) formation boundaries
B) the location of fossils
C) the orientation of a fold axis
D) strike and dip
E) the orientation of joints
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Multiple Choice
Q 39Q 39
If a bed strikes north it must ________.
A) dip south
B) dip either east or west
C) be horizontal
D) have a strike of 90 degrees
E) have a strike of 270 degrees
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Multiple Choice
Q 40Q 40
On a surface leveled by erosion the pattern of exposed beds of a plunging fold resembles that of the letter __.
A) X
B) H
C) V
D) I
E) T
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Multiple Choice
Q 41Q 41
The San Andreas Fault system can be described as _________.
A) normal dip-slip
B) reverse oblique-slip
C) left lateral strike-slip
D) right lateral strike-slip
E) thrust dip-slip
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Multiple Choice
Q 42Q 42
For many geologists an active fault is one along which movement has taken place in the during the last ________ years.
A) 1 million
B) 500,000
C) 51,000
D) 15,000
E) 11,000
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Multiple Choice
Q 43Q 43
______ is the compass direction of a line formed by the intersection of an inclined plane and an imaginary horizontal plane.
A) Altitude
B) Dip
C) Strike
D) Orientation
E) Attitude
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Multiple Choice
Q 44Q 44
A(n) ____ trap is one of the best structures for holding oil.
A) monocline
B) anticline
C) basin
D) synclinal
E) reversed
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Multiple Choice
Q 45Q 45
A(n) ______ fault has both dip-slip and strike-slip components.
A) reverse
B) normal
C) graben
D) oblique-slip
E) inclined
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Multiple Choice
Q 46Q 46
A thrust fault is ____.
A) a strike-slip fault
B) one in which the hanging wall moves down
C) a variety of reverse fault
D) a variety of a normal fault
E) a response to horizontal tensional stress
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Multiple Choice
Q 47Q 47
A rock that behaves in a(n) ____ manner will bend under stress and does not return to its original shape.
A) elastic
B) brittle
C) plastic
D) rubber
E) tactile
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Multiple Choice
Q 48Q 48
_____ are fractures in bedrock along which sliding movement has taken place.
A) Joints
B) Faults
C) Planes
D) Strikes
E) Strains
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Multiple Choice
Q 49Q 49
The angle of dip is measured relative to _______.
A) the horizontal
B) the vertical
C) north
D) east
E) the equator
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Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
A ______ stress is caused by forces pulling away from one another.
A) shear
B) tension
C) perpendicular
D) compressive
E) fold
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Multiple Choice
Q 51Q 51
A(n) _____ is a structure in which beds dip away from a common central point, and the oldest rocks are found in the center.
A) dome
B) normal fault
C) anticline
D) syncline
E) reverse fault
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Multiple Choice
Q 52Q 52
In a normal fault, the hanging-wall block has moved ______ relative to the footwall block.
A) up
B) down
C) side to side
D) up at a steep angle
E) down at a steep angle
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Multiple Choice
Q 53Q 53
In a _____ fault, the hanging-wall block moves up relative to the footwall block.
A) recumbent
B) reverse
C) normal
D) strike-slip
E) tensional
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Multiple Choice
Q 54Q 54
A(n) _______ fold has been overturned to such an extent that the limbs are essentially horizontal.
A) overturned
B) strike-slip
C) recumbent
D) dip-slip
E) isoclinal
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Multiple Choice
Q 55Q 55
_____ are bends or wave-like features in layered rocks.
A) Folds
B) Strikes
C) Warps
D) Bends
E) Flexures
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Multiple Choice
Q 56Q 56
A(n) _____ represents a vertical slice through the Earth.
A) elevation model
B) traverse
C) map
D) cross-section
E) fold
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Multiple Choice
Q 57Q 57
The San Andreas fault in California is not a simple crack but ___.
A) exists as a single line of breakage along most of its length
B) is not connected to other fault systems
C) a belt of broken and ground-up rock, usually a 100 m or more in width
D) exists as a zigzag crack along most of its length
E) shows little offset on the surface but greater offset below the surface
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Multiple Choice
Q 58Q 58
Collectively, the San Andreas fault system of California is a(n) _____.
A) reverse fault
B) right lateral strike-slip fault
C) normal fault
D) left lateral strike-slip fault
E) oblique fault
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Multiple Choice
Q 59Q 59
According to plate tectonic theory, the San Andreas fault is a transform boundary that separates the North American plate from the _____.
A) Cocos plate
B) Pacific plate
C) Eurasian plate
D) Australian plate
E) Caribbean plate
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Multiple Choice
Q 60Q 60
On a geologic map, a symbol that looks like a cross indicates ____.
A) horizontal beds
B) vertical beds
C) overturned beds
D) intersecting beds
E) branching beds
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Multiple Choice