Quiz 16: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
Psychology
Q 1Q 1
_____ is treatment in which a trained professional-a therapist-uses psychological techniques to help someone overcome psychological difficulties and disorders,resolve problems in living,or bring about personal growth.
A)Phototherapy
B)Psychotherapy
C)Biomedical therapy
D)Physiotherapy
Free
Multiple Choice
B
Q 2Q 2
Therapy that relies on drugs and other medical procedures to improve psychological functioning is referred to as _____
A)phototherapy
B)psychotherapy
C)biomedical therapy
D)physiotherapy
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Multiple Choice
C
Q 3Q 3
Dr.Andersen attempts to bring about personal growth by using psychological techniques; Dr.Bradley attempts to improve psychological functioning through the use of psychotropic medication.Dr.Andersen practices _____; Dr.Bradley,_____.
A)psychotherapy; psychoanalysis
B)psychotherapy; biomedical therapy
C)psychoanalysis; biotherapy
D)physiotherapy; psychotherapy
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Multiple Choice
B
Q 4Q 4
Today therapists use a(n)_____ approach to therapy,which means they use a variety of methods with an individual patient.
A)existential
B)behavioral
C)psychoanalytical
D)eclectic
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Multiple Choice
Q 5Q 5
_____ are professionals with a Ph.D.or Psy.D.who have also completed a postgraduate internship.They specialize in assessment and treatment of psychological difficulties,providing psychotherapy and,in some U.S.states,can prescribe drugs.
A)Psychoanalysts
B)Psychiatrists
C)Psychiatric social workers
D)Clinical psychologists
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Multiple Choice
Q 6Q 6
_____ are professionals with a Ph.D.or Ed.D.who typically treat day-to-day adjustment problems,often in a university mental health clinic.
A)Counseling psychologists
B)Psychiatrists
C)Licensed professional counselors
D)Psychoanalysts
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Multiple Choice
Q 7Q 7
Which of the following mental health professionals is correctly matched with a brief description?
A)Counseling psychologist-treats everyday adjustment problems,often in a university mental health clinic
B)Psychiatrist-specializes in Freudian treatment techniques
C)Psychoanalyst-prescribes medication and treats severe disorders
D)Clinical social worker-holds Ph.D. ; assesses and treats psychological difficulties
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Multiple Choice
Q 8Q 8
Which of the following professionals most likely has a Ph.D.?
A)Counseling psychologists
B)Psychiatrists
C)Licensed professional counselors
D)Psychoanalysts
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Multiple Choice
Q 9Q 9
Professionals with a master's degree who provide therapy to individuals,couples,and families and who hold a national or state certification are called _____.
A)counseling psychologists
B)psychiatrists
C)licensed professional counselors
D)psychoanalysts
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Multiple Choice
Q 10Q 10
Professionals with a master's degree and specialized training who may provide therapy,usually regarding common family and personal problems,are called _____.
A)counseling psychologists
B)psychiatric social workers
C)licensed professional counselors
D)psychoanalysts
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Multiple Choice
Q 11Q 11
_____ therapy seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious,where patients may deal with the problems more effectively.
A)Cognitive
B)Psychodynamic
C)Behavioral
D)Humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 12Q 12
Psychodynamic therapy involves:
A)the consideration of unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses.
B)the use of drugs and medical procedures.
C)behavior modification techniques.
D)an attempt to challenge the patient's current thinking patterns.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 13Q 13
The most common defense mechanism is _____.
A)dissociation
B)projection
C)reaction formation
D)repression
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Multiple Choice
Q 14Q 14
Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychotherapy?
A)Psychoanalysis is limited to only dream analysis.
B)Psychotherapy is one type of psychoanalysis.
C)Psychoanalysis is one type of psychotherapy.
D)The two are unrelated.
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Multiple Choice
Q 15Q 15
_____ was developed by Freud in which the goal is to release hidden unconscious thoughts and feelings in order to reduce their power in controlling behavior.
A)Psychoanalysis
B)Transactional analysis
C)Meta-analysis
D)Microarray analysis
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Multiple Choice
Q 16Q 16
The surface description of a dream is called the _____ content.
A)latent
B)philological
C)semiotic
D)manifest
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Multiple Choice
Q 17Q 17
The underlying meaning of a dream which is the TRUE unconscious meaning of the dream is called _____ content.
A)latent
B)philological
C)semiotic
D)manifest
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Multiple Choice
Q 18Q 18
Noah dreams that he suddenly becomes paralyzed as he tries to cross a busy intersection.In Freudian terms,this is the _____ content of Noah's dream.The underlying meaning of the dream is the _____ content.
A)manifest; repressed
B)manifest; latent
C)repressed; manifest
D)repressed; latent
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Multiple Choice
Q 19Q 19
_____ is an inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories,thoughts,or motivations.
A)Resistance
B)Transference
C)Dissociation
D)Projection
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Multiple Choice
Q 20Q 20
After telling his psychoanalyst about his relationship with his ex-wife for a few minutes,Jerome suddenly changes the subject.Jerome is exhibiting:
A)resistance.
B)transference.
C)a latent conflict.
D)projection.
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Multiple Choice
Q 21Q 21
_____ is the transmission of feelings to a psychoanalyst of love or anger that had been originally directed to a patient's parents or other authority figures.
A)Regression
B)Transference
C)Dissociation
D)Projection
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Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
What is transference?
A)The transfer of a learned response from one task to another similar task
B)The transfer of irrational cognitions to the self
C)The transfer of strong feelings about parents or authority figures to a psychoanalyst
D)A behavioral technique invented to facilitate the transfer of learned behaviors from the session to the outside world
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Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
Which of the following is a suitable way of handling transference?
A)The therapist should discourage and attempt to minimize the patient's transference.
B)The therapist can take advantage of transference to help the patient "redo" difficult relationships.
C)The therapist should simply ignore the patient's transference.
D)The therapist should refer the patient to another professional toward whom the patient is unlikely to demonstrate transference.
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Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
How does contemporary psychodynamic therapy differ from classic psychoanalysis?
A)Contemporary psychodynamic therapy generally lasts longer than classic psychoanalysis.
B)Today,psychoanalysis takes a less directive role than was the case in the past.
C)Classic psychoanalysts concentrated more on an individual's current relationships and specific complaints than contemporary therapists.
D)Contemporary therapist puts less emphasis on a patient's past history and childhood than classic psychoanalysts.
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Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
Despite being criticized,why has psychodynamic therapy remained a viable approach to psychological treatment?
A)It facilitates the development of deep insight into one's life.
B)It is brief and inexpensive.
C)It is more objective than are some other forms of therapy.
D)It doesn't differentiate between articulate and less verbal patients.
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Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
_____ treatment approaches make use of the basic processes of learning,such as reinforcement and extinction,and assume that normal and abnormal behaviors are both learned.
A)Cognitive
B)Psychodynamic
C)Behavioral
D)Humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy is correctly matched with its description?
A)Psychodynamic approach-Treatment aims to change maladaptive thinking patterns.
B)Behavioral approach-Classical and operant conditioning principles are used to change people's behavior.
C)Psychoanalysis approach-Treatment aims to change a patient's dysfunctional cognitions about the world.
D)Humanistic approach-Therapy aims to bring unconscious conflicts and impulses into the conscious.
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Multiple Choice
Q 28Q 28
According to a behavior therapist,how might psychological disorders be treated most effectively?
A)The client should learn new behaviors to replace the faulty skills.
B)Patients should say aloud whatever comes to mind.
C)Unconscious conflicts should be brought to light.
D)Neurotransmitter irregularities should be rectified through drugs.
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Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
_____ is a form of therapy that reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an unpleasant stimulus with undesired behavior.
A)Systematic desensitization
B)Aversive conditioning
C)Manifest structuring
D)Exposure treatment
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Multiple Choice
Q 30Q 30
_____ is a behavioral technique in which gradual exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation to extinguish the response of anxiety.
A)Systematic desensitization
B)Aversive conditioning
C)Manifest structuring
D)Exposure treatment
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 31Q 31
Giovanni abuses cocaine; Hans has a dog phobia.Which alternative below correctly identifies the behavioral treatment most appropriate for each of these individuals?
A)Giovanni-aversive conditioning; Hans-exposure treatment
B)Giovanni-systematic desensitization; Hans-exposure treatment
C)Giovanni-aversive conditioning; Hans-systematic desensitization
D)Giovanni-exposure treatment; Hans-aversive conditioning
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 32Q 32
A hierarchy of fears may be used in:
A)aversive conditioning.
B)systematic desensitization.
C)transference.
D)manifest structuring.
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Multiple Choice
Q 33Q 33
_____ is a behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted either suddenly or gradually with a stimulus that they fear.
A)Aversive conditioning
B)Systematic desensitization
C)Transference
D)Flooding
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Multiple Choice
Q 34Q 34
How do flooding treatments differ from systematic desensitization?
A)Flooding treatments use a hierarchy of anxiety-provoking stimuli; systematic desensitization does not.
B)Flooding treatment gauges neurotic symptoms; systematic desensitization does not.
C)Flooding treatment does not use learned relaxation techniques; systematic desensitization does.
D)Flooding treatment is a very complicated form of therapy; systematic desensitization is not.
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Multiple Choice
Q 35Q 35
Which of the following operant conditioning techniques is incorrectly paired with its description?
A)Token system-An individual is rewarded for desired behavior with such items as chips or play money,which he or she can exchange for desired items.
B)Contingency contracting-The therapist and client create a written agreement specifying the consequences for desirable and undesirable behaviors.
C)Observational learning-An individual models desired behavior for the client.
D)Token system-The therapist reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an aversive,unpleasant stimulus with undesired behavior.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 36Q 36
_____ rewards a person for desired behavior with a poker chip or some kind of play money.
A)The token system
B)Contingency contracting
C)Observational learning
D)The appraisal technique
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Multiple Choice
Q 37Q 37
The token system is most often used:
A)in institutional settings,for individuals with relatively serious problems.
B)as an appraisal technique.
C)by friends in a dorm.
D)as a classroom management technique.
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Multiple Choice
Q 38Q 38
In _____,the therapist and client (or teacher and student or parent and child)draw up a written agreement.
A)the token system
B)contingency contracting
C)observational learning
D)the appraisal technique
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Multiple Choice
Q 39Q 39
_____ is the process in which the behavior of other people is modeled to systematically teach people new skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties.
A)Token systematization
B)Contingency contracting
C)Observational learning
D)Exposure therapy
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Multiple Choice
Q 40Q 40
A client with social anxiety watches a film in which an individual greets strangers in a crowded room,makes small talk,and smiles pleasantly.The individual in the film appears to gain pleasure from these activities.The behavior therapy technique used in this scenario is:
A)token systematization.
B)contingency contracting.
C)observational learning.
D)aversive conditioning.
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Multiple Choice
Q 41Q 41
_____ is said to occur when therapists imparting certain basic social skills to their clients maintain eye contact and act assertively.
A)Observational learning
B)Contingency contracting
C)Dialectical behavior therapy
D)Behavioral activation
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Multiple Choice
Q 42Q 42
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding behavior therapy?
A)It is especially effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
B)It can produce actual changes in the functioning of the brain.
C)It is actually based mainly on psychoanalytic ideas.
D)It has no problem other than the maladaptive behavior itself.
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Multiple Choice
Q 43Q 43
How might one best respond to the charge that behavior therapy produces only a superficial change in external behavior?
A)Research shows that behavior therapies produce the same sorts of insights into one's life that one associates with psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies.
B)Neuroscientific evidence shows that behavioral treatments produce actual changes in the functioning of the brain.
C)External behavior is a result of internal functions.
D)Research shows that behavior therapies and cognitive therapies are fundamentally the same.
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Multiple Choice
Q 44Q 44
_____ evidence shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning,which suggests that behavioral treatments can produce changes beyond external behavior.
A)Neuroscientific
B)Psychodynamic
C)Cognitive
D)Hearsay
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Multiple Choice
Q 45Q 45
_____ treatment approaches teach people to think in more adaptive ways by changing their dysfunctional notions about the world and themselves.
A)Cognitive
B)Psychodynamic
C)Behavioral
D)Humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 46Q 46
_____ approach is a treatment approach that incorporates basic principles of learning to change the way people think.
A)Psychodynamic-cognitive
B)Humanistic-behavioral
C)Cognitive-behavioral
D)Psychodynamic-humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 47Q 47
_____ is a form of therapy that attempts to restructure a person's belief system into a more realistic,rational,and logical set of views by challenging dysfunctional beliefs that maintain irrational behavior.
A)Multi-modal therapy
B)Rational-emotive behavior therapy
C)Dialectical-behavior therapy
D)Prolonged-exposure therapy
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Multiple Choice
Q 48Q 48
Characteristics of cognitive treatment approaches include each of the following EXCEPT that:
A)it is relatively short term.
B)it focuses on concrete problems.
C)it involves an active therapist.
D)it is not structured.
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Multiple Choice
Q 49Q 49
Which of the following therapies emphasizes the challenging of irrational,unrealistic beliefs?
A)Multi-modal therapy
B)Rational-emotive behavior therapy
C)Dialectical-behavior therapy
D)Prolonged-exposure therapy
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
Rational-emotive therapy is associated with _____; cognitive-behavioral approach with _____.
A)Beck; Ellis
B)Beck; Seligman
C)Ellis; Beck
D)Ellis; Seligman
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Multiple Choice
Q 51Q 51
Which of the following alternatives correctly illustrates a term in Ellis's A-B-C model?
A)Activating condition-"I must get the top score in the class; a perfect score."
B)Irrational belief-extreme anxiety
C)Emotional consequence-a midterm test is scheduled for next week
D)Irrational belief-"I will never get a good score on my test."
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Multiple Choice
Q 52Q 52
In _____ appraisal,clients are asked to evaluate situations,themselves,and others in terms of their memories,values,beliefs,thoughts,and expectations.
A)cognitive
B)psychodynamic
C)behavioral
D)humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 53Q 53
How is cognitive therapy different from rational-emotive therapy?
A)It entails a more confrontational therapist.
B)It entails a less confrontational therapist.
C)It is relatively long term and loosely structured.
D)It aims to change people's behavior,rather than their thought pattern.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 54Q 54
Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the strengths of the cognitive approach to treatment?
A)It encourages deep insight into one's life.
B)It has been successful in dealing with a wide range of problems.
C)It is flexible and open to incorporating elements of other approaches to treatment.
D)Therapy tends to be highly structured and focused on concrete problems.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 55Q 55
_____ therapy is therapy in which the underlying rationale is that people have control of their behavior,can make choices about their lives,and are essentially responsible for solving their own problems.
A)Cognitive
B)Psychodynamic
C)Behavioral
D)Humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 56Q 56
According to humanistic therapists,psychological disorders result from:
A)the inability to find meaning in life and connection to others.
B)unconscious conflicts and early experiences.
C)irrational thought patterns.
D)faulty learning.
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Multiple Choice
Q 57Q 57
Person-centered therapy is a specific type of _____ therapy.
A)cognitive
B)psychodynamic
C)behavioral
D)humanistic
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Multiple Choice
Q 58Q 58
Person-centered therapy was developed in the _____ by _____.
A)1920s; Albert Ellis
B)1950s; Carl Rogers
C)1970s; Carl Rogers
D)1990s; Aaron Beck
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 59Q 59
Therapy in which the goal is to reach one's potential for self-actualization is known as _____ therapy.
A)self-help
B)person-centered
C)interpersonal
D)group
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Multiple Choice
Q 60Q 60
In person-centered therapy,the therapist:
A)challenges the client's irrational statements.
B)teaches the client cognitive appraisal techniques.
C)uses the token system to monitor behavior.
D)provides unconditional positive regard.
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Multiple Choice
Q 61Q 61
Which of the following terms most nearly captures the essence of unconditional positive regard?
A)Directional
B)Empathetic
C)Judgmental
D)Challenging
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Multiple Choice
Q 62Q 62
How is contemporary person-centered therapy different than it was in Rogers's day?
A)Therapists are even less directive now than in the past.
B)The patient's insight is now seen as less central to the therapeutic process.
C)Therapists are more likely to nudge clients towards insights rather than merely reflecting back their statements.
D)Person-centered therapy is used today in its purest form.
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Multiple Choice
Q 63Q 63
_____ therapy refers to short-term therapy that focuses on the context of current social relationships.
A)Self-help
B)Person-centered
C)Interpersonal
D)Group
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Multiple Choice
Q 64Q 64
Interpersonal therapy derives from _____ approaches to therapy,but it is _____.
A)psychodynamic; shorter and more directive
B)psychodynamic; longer and less directive
C)humanistic; shorter and more directive
D)humanistic; longer and less directive
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Multiple Choice
Q 65Q 65
Therapy in which people meet collectively with a therapist to discuss problems is specifically known as _____ therapy.
A)client-centered
B)person-centered
C)interpersonal
D)group
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Multiple Choice
Q 66Q 66
Regarding group therapy,which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Group therapy is generally more economical than individual therapy.
B)In group therapy,the therapist is usually highly directive.
C)Shy individuals benefit more from group therapy than do assertive people.
D)Group therapies are for shorter durations than individual therapies.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 67Q 67
Family therapy practitioners believe each of the following statements EXCEPT:
A)individual members of a family may be treated successfully in isolation.
B)the family as a single unit to which each member contributes.
C)an individual member of the family cannot be treated successfully without simultaneously involving other family members.
D)family members tend to take on set roles with respect to each other.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 68Q 68
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)is an example of _____ therapy.
A)client-centered
B)self-help
C)person-centered
D)interpersonal
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Multiple Choice
Q 69Q 69
In 1952,noted psychologist _____ published a study challenging the effectiveness of _____ therapy.
A)Eysenck; humanistic
B)Eysenck; psychodynamic
C)Cattell; cognitive
D)Cattell; behavioral
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Multiple Choice
Q 70Q 70
Today,most psychologists:
A)echo Eysenck's 1952 position on the effectiveness of psychotherapy.
B)dispute Eysenck's 1952 position on the effectiveness of psychotherapy.
C)believe that psychotherapy is only minimally effective,especially as compared to drug therapy.
D)accept that the symptoms of abnormal behavior go away by themselves if left untreated.
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Multiple Choice
Q 71Q 71
A research technique in which data from a large number of studies are statistically combined is known as:
A)matrix analysis.
B)factor analysis.
C)meta-analysis.
D)correlational analysis.
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Multiple Choice
Q 72Q 72
The effectiveness of various approaches to therapy found that although success rates vary somewhat by treatment form,most treatments show that success rates range from about _____% greater success for treated compared with untreated individuals.
A)15-20
B)25-30
C)70-85
D)90-95
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Multiple Choice
Q 73Q 73
Research shows that behavioral therapy is roughly _____% more effective than no treatment at all.
A)15
B)25
C)60
D)80
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Multiple Choice
Q 74Q 74
_____ approaches to psychotherapy tend to be more successful than do _____ approaches.
A)Psychodynamic and humanistic; behavioral cognitive
B)Cognitive behavioral; psychodynamic
C)Cognitive and humanistic; behavioral and psychodynamic
D)Behavioral and client-centered; cognitive and psychodynamic
Free
Multiple Choice
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Multiple Choice
Q 76Q 76
Which of the following statements is most TRUE?
A)Different forms of therapy work best in different situations.
B)People who don't attend therapy do just as well as people who do.
C)The effectiveness of the different treatments is the same in all cases.
D)Psychotherapy can safely be said to be beneficial for everyone.
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Multiple Choice
Q 77Q 77
No greater change has occurred in mental hospitals than the successful introduction in the mid-_____ of antipsychotic drugs.
A)1940s
B)1950s
C)1960s
D)1970s
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Multiple Choice
Q 78Q 78
The first major antipsychotic drug to be introduced was _____; it was used to treat _____.
A)paliperidone; bipolar disorder
B)paliperidone; schizophrenia
C)chlorpromazine; bipolar disorder
D)chlorpromazine; schizophrenia
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Multiple Choice
Q 79Q 79
The newest antipsychotics are called _____ antipsychotics.
A)depot
B)atypical
C)tricyclic
D)typical
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Multiple Choice
Q 80Q 80
Atypical antipsychotics affect both _____ and _____ levels in certain parts of the brain.
A)serotonin; dopamine
B)prolactin; histamine
C)epinephrine; GABA
D)oxytocin; glycine
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Multiple Choice
Q 81Q 81
Tricyclic drugs,MAO inhibitors,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are examples of which class of drugs?
A)Antipsychotics
B)Mood stabilizers
C)Antianxiety drugs
D)Antidepressants
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Multiple Choice
Q 82Q 82
Which of the following is NOT among the neurotransmitters that are influenced by the various antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs?
A)Endorphins
B)Norepinephrine
C)Serotonin
D)Dopamine
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Multiple Choice
Q 83Q 83
Prozac is an example of a(n)_____.
A)antipsychotic drug
B)antidepressant drug
C)mood stabilizer
D)antianxiety drug
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Multiple Choice
Q 84Q 84
Which type of antidepressant is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
A)Tricyclics-increase activity of neurotransmitter GABA
B)SSRIs-prevent neurotransmitter breakdown
C)MAO inhibitors-increase norepinephrine
D)SSRIs-inhibit reuptake of serotonin
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Multiple Choice
Q 85Q 85
_____ are a class of medications used in cases of severe depression to improve a patient's mood and feeling of well-being.
A)Mood stabilizers
B)Antianxiety drugs
C)Antipsychotic drugs
D)Antidepressant drugs
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Multiple Choice
Q 86Q 86
Which drug class is correctly matched with a drug that represents it?
A)Antidepressants-lithium
B)Antipsychotics-Chlorpromazine
C)Mood stabilizers-Xanax
D)Antianxiety drugs-Prozac
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Multiple Choice
Q 87Q 87
Which drug class is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
A)Mood stabilizers-increase norepinephrine activity
B)Antipsychotics-block dopamine receptors
C)Antidepressants-increase activity of GABA
D)Antianxiety drugs-inhibit serotonin reuptake
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Multiple Choice
Q 88Q 88
Drugs that reduce the level of worry or tension a person experiences essentially by reducing excitability and increasing feelings of well-being are known as _____.
A)mood stabilizers
B)antianxiety drugs
C)antipsychotic drugs
D)antidepressant drugs
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Multiple Choice
Q 89Q 89
Approximately what percentage of U.S.families have a member who has taken an antianxiety drug?
A)10%
B)25%
C)35%
D)50%
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Multiple Choice
Q 90Q 90
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)was introduced in the _____; it is used to treat severe _____.
A)1930s; depression
B)1930s; anxiety
C)1950s; depression
D)1950s; anxiety
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Multiple Choice
Q 91Q 91
Which of the following is NOT one of the negative consequences of the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
A)Disorientation and confusion
B)Memory loss
C)Sudden death
D)Potential brain damage
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Multiple Choice
Q 92Q 92
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)is used to treat:
A)depression.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)schizophrenia.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Multiple Choice
Q 93Q 93
Which of the following is TRUE of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)?
A)It uses an electrical current.
B)It is still experimental.
C)It is not as popular as it used to be.
D)It does not have any side effects.
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Multiple Choice
Q 94Q 94
In the _____,surgeons performed prefrontal lobotomy on thousands of patients often with little precision.
A)1920s and 1930s
B)1930s and 1940s
C)1940s and 1950s
D)1950s and 1960s
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Multiple Choice
Q 95Q 95
A newer form of psychosurgery-cingulotomy-is used in cases of:
A)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)major depression.
D)schizophrenia.
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Multiple Choice
Q 96Q 96
Radiation is used to destroy specific brain areas in a type of psychosurgery called _____; it is used to treat _____.
A)transcranial magnetic stimulation; obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)transcranial magnetic stimulation; major depression
C)gamma knife surgery; obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)gamma knife surgery; major depression
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Multiple Choice
Q 97Q 97
Community psychology came of age in the _____; its aim was to minimize psychological disorders.
A)1960s
B)1970s
C)1980s
D)1990s
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Multiple Choice
Q 98Q 98
Which of the following best represents the percentage of homeless adults who have a major psychological disorder?
A)5-10%
B)15-35%
C)75-85%
D)50-60%
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Multiple Choice
Q 99Q 99
College students in counseling are treated in only _____ sessions on average.
A)three
B)five
C)ten
D)twelve
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Multiple Choice
Q 100Q 100
are professionals with a master's degree and specialized training who may provide therapy,usually regarding common family and personal problems.
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Essay
Q 101Q 101
Adrienne is describing a dream to her therapist.The events she recounts constitute the content of her dream.
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Short Answer
Q 102Q 102
Bryan is feeling angry with his therapist; Bryan's anger reflects his feelings toward his father when he was a young boy in the throes of the Oedipal conflict.This example illustrates .
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Short Answer
Q 103Q 103
Cathy visits a behavior therapist for help with her alcohol abuse.To treat Cathy's problem,the therapist will most likely use conditioning.
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Q 104Q 104
In ,gradual exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation to extinguish the response of anxiety.
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Q 107Q 107
Declan and his mother have signed a written agreement: Each day that Declan fails to complete all his homework,he must complete an additional household chore.Declan and his mother are using a behavior modification technique known as .
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Q 108Q 108
Ingrid is learning to carefully examine situations so that she may learn to think more appropriately about herself and others in terms of her memories,values,beliefs,thoughts,and expectations.Ingrid is undertaking a process of .
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Q 109Q 109
Eli's client-centered therapist clarifies and reflects back Eli's remarks.The therapist is using a technique known as .
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Q 110Q 110
Client-centered therapists should communicate that not only are they caring and nonjudgmental,but also ; that is,they should reflect a genuine understanding of the client's emotional experience.
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Q 111Q 111
is a statistical technique in which the results of a large number of studies are combined.
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Short Answer
Q 112Q 112
Dr.Grimaldi consults the research literature each time he acquires a new client; he seeks to use the most effective technique available,given a client's particular disorder.Dr.Grimaldi practices psychotherapy.
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Q 113Q 113
Many therapists integrate multiple approaches to treat an individual's problems; that is,they use a(n)approach.
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Q 114Q 114
The newest generation of antipsychotics is called antipsychotics; they influence serotonin and dopamine levels in the brain.
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Q 117Q 117
One form of psychosurgery used today is ,performed occasionally to treat cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Q 118Q 118
is a branch of psychology that focuses on the prevention and minimization of psychological disorders in the community.
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Q 120Q 120
Discuss how (a)free association; (b)dream interpretation; (c)resistance; and (d)transference may be used as tools in psychoanalytic therapy.
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Q 121Q 121
Briefly describe in one or two paragraphs what psychodynamic therapy entails as well as current perspectives and criticisms about its efficacy as a treatment.
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Q 122Q 122
Describe using concrete examples how a behavior therapist might use systematic desensitization and flooding treatments to treat a specific phobia or source of anxiety.
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Q 123Q 123
Assume you are treating two patients: Betina,who has anorexia,and Sebastian,who has anger management issues with his girlfriend.Using operant conditioning techniques,like token or contingency techniques,suggest a plan to treat them?
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Q 124Q 124
Describe using examples how behavior therapists can use averse conditioning to modify behavior.
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Q 125Q 125
Describe the general aim of cognitive therapy.Write a note on Ellis's rational-emotive therapy.
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Q 126Q 126
Identify (a)one advantage,strength,or contribution,and (b)one disadvantage,weakness,or limitation of each of the following types of psychotherapy: behavior therapy and cognitive therapy.
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Q 127Q 127
Briefly describe the humanistic perspective.Applying what you know about humanistic psychology,how would a humanistic psychologist help someone with low self-esteem?
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Q 128Q 128
Describe the aim of person-centered therapy.Identify several ways that therapists try to achieve this goal.How does contemporary person-centered therapy differ from the therapy as it might have been practiced in Rogers' day?
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Q 129Q 129
Briefly compare and contrast interpersonal therapy with traditional psychodynamic therapy.
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Q 130Q 130
Briefly describe the pros and cons of group therapy.Are there any disorders where group therapy appears to be more effective than one on one? Please defend your answer.
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Q 131Q 131
One of the most controversial treatments in the field of psychology is electroconvulsive therapy.Briefly describe its illustrious history and if it is still used today.What are the justifications for using this type of treatment?
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