Quiz 30: Toward the Pacific Century

Would the people of the Indian subcontinent have been better off if they had attained independence as one country,rather than two? Explain.Why you think as you do?

How has 9/11 affected the relations between Pakistan and the United States? Between India and the United States? Between Pakistan and India?

What have been the most significant developments in India since the achievement of independence? Do recent events augur well for the future? Why or why not?

Discuss Pakistani development after independence.What have been the most influential events and trends there? Are the trends likely to continue? Why?

Describe the evolution of the role of women in India and Pakistan from colonial times to the present.What legal changes have occurred that affect women's lives,and how have these been put in practice in urban and rural environments?

Compare and contrast the forced sterilization policy of Indira Gandhi in India with the one-child policy in China.Why was the Indian approach to over-population a failure and the Chinese approach a relative success?

How did colonialism end in Southeast Asia? Why not earlier? Why did it occur earlier in some places than in others? Give examples.

Are there any aspects of post-1950 Japanese politics that reflect the continuation of pre-1940,even Meiji,influences and policies? If so,what are they and are they positive or negative in nature? If not,how was the post-World War II occupation regime able to erase all earlier traits?

Did Japanese militarism truly end with the 1951 constitution? Would a rearmed Japan make the world safer today? Why or why not?

How have the "everyday" options for women in Japan changed since World War II? Have these changes been advantageous for women and/or Japan as a whole? Why or why not?

What factors assisted the rapid development of Korean industry and agriculture since the early 1960s? Were the same factors used in the same way,with the same results,in Taiwan? Show why or why not,citing evidence to support your position.

What evidence is there of the survival of Confucian values in the nations of East Asia? What Confucian values seem to have been lost? Why?

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). the Pacific Century

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). "an orgy of blood"

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). August 15,1947

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Congress Party

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Jawaharlal Nehru and "democratic socialism"

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Hyderabad and Kashmir

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Indira Gandhi

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). India's enforced sterilization

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Sikhs and the Golden Temple in Amritsar

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Rajiv Gandhi

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). India's constitution of 1950

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Arranged marriages

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Dalits / harijans

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).B.Vajpayee Bharata Janata Party (BJP)and

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Sri Lanka and the Elam Tigers

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). West Pakistan and East Pakistan/Bangladesh

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Urdu and Bengali

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Benazir Bhutto

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). General Pervaiz Musharraf,the Taliban and al-Qaeda

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). communalism

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Bangalore and "outsourcing"

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). harijans/dalits

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children and The Satanic Verses

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Philippines independence,July 1946

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Indonesia's Sukarno and "guided democracy"

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Philippines' Ferdinand Marcos,Corazon Aquino,and Joseph Estrada

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).B.J.Habibie,and Susilo Yudhyono Indonesia's General Suharto,

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). East Timor

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Muslims and Christians in Indonesia

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Myanmar's Aung San Huu Kyi and General Ne Win

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). 1997 financial crisis

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). 2004 tsunami

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Cambodia's Khmer Rouge and Pol Pot

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). the Japanese Miracle

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Douglas MacArthur

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). 1951 Japan peace treaty and the United States-Japan defensive alliance

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Japan's Liberal Democrats and Socialists

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Junichiro Koizumi

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). zaibatsu and keiretsu

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). "tea hair"

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Soka Gakkai Buddhist sect

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Yukio Mishima and "Coca-Colonization"

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Kenzaburo Oe and the Nobel Prize for Literature

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Eta / Burakumin and Koreans

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Big and Little Tigers

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Syngman Rhee and Chung Hee Park

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). North Korea's Kim Il Sung

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). chaebol (Samsung,Daewoo,Hyundai)

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Republic of China (Taiwan)

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). Hong Kong and Guangdong province

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). ANZUS

The apparent motivation for the assassination of Gandhi was that Gandhi A)was discovered to be a secret Sikh. B)favored Indian partition. C)didn't want to see the Muslims get what they wanted. D)was against creating only a Hindu India. E)was staunchly anti-Hindu.

Who was the first prime minister of India? A)Mahatma Gandhi B)Jawaharlal Nehru C)Muhammed Ali Jinnah D)Indira Gandhi E)Moraji Desai

All of the following are correct about Kashmir except A)a majority of the population is Hindu. B)most of the population is Muslim. C)India controls most of Kashmir. D)it has led to violence between India and Pakistan. E)in 2003,the governments of India and Pakistan agreed to seek a peaceful solution to the Kashmir dispute.

In the 1950s,India A)took a neutral,third-world position in the Cold War. B)opposed United States "hegemonism" in the Philippines and Manchuria. C)took the side of the Soviet Union in the Cold War. D)opposed Chinese independence. E)rejected the Marxist policies begun by Nehru.

The new Indian government in 1947 A)was based on that of the Soviet Union. B)had a powerful president,as Nehru was an admirer of the United States constitution. C)was based on the British system,with a figurehead president and a parliamentary form. D)barred only two groups,Sikhs and harijans,from voting. E)allowed for only one political party,the Congress Party.

In 1971,East Pakistan became the new independent nation of A)Myanmar. B)Sri Lanka. C)Belize. D)Bangladesh. E)Kampuchea.

All of the following are correct about Pakistan since September 11,2001,except A)much of the local population supported the Taliban,which had been driven from Afghanistan. B)President Musharaff gave support to the anti-terrorist campaign. C)Benazir Bhutto was elected president in 2008. D)there were renewed tensions with India over Kashmir. E)by 2008,many observers expressed concern that Pakistan might disintegrate as a country into squabbling ethnic blocs.

Which of the following statements is an accurate statement regarding Indian developments after the death of Nehru? A)The following government produced dramatic policy shifts. B)Indira Gandhi retreated from the bold economic and social program of her father. C)Cold War politics led to the tensions that provoked Sikhs to assassinate Indira Gandhi. D)Rajiv Gandhi weakened the socialist programs of his mother and grandfather. E)Nehru's successors implemented a true Marxist program.

Following the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi A)Kashmir was ceded to Pakistan. B)the Congress Party began to increase its political hold over the Indian people. C)the Indian economy showed its first signs of a slowdown since 1950. D)the Bharata Janata Party began to directly challenge the Congress Party for power. E)relations between Hindus and Muslims improved rapidly.

The conflict that developed between East and West Pakistan,and eventually led to the establishment of the state of Bangladesh,was caused by A)competition over internal development of the nation's natural resources. B)differences in language,history,and ethnic tradition. C)many years of international warfare between the two regions. D)the demand of the people of East Pakistan to establish an independent Marxist state. E)both b and c

Pakistan's early history A)was unexpectedly smooth,as industrial production rose by ninety-three percent and the country became agriculturally self-sufficient. B)was marked by deep internal struggles over language,religious and regional issues. C)produced a Constitution in 1956 with a Western-style parliamentary system. D)saw unexpectedly peaceful relations develop between it and India. E)saw Pakistan become a secular society.

Indira Gandhi A)developed a policy of forced sterilization to try to cut population growth. B)abandoned her father's activist policies to aid the poor. C)used troops to attack and secure the Hindu Golden Temple in Agra. D)was assassinated by her Buddhist bodyguards. E)was the daughter of Mahatma Gandhi.

In the aftermath of independence,India's greatest economic weakness was in A)consumer products. B)industrial production. C)agriculture. D)a declining birthrate. E)too much Western investment.

Which of the following statements best characterizes the nature of India today? A)India,unlike China,has rejected its cultural traditions and adopted those of the West. B)The majority of India's population is part of a large and growing middle class. C)India's economy is a perfect model of the modern,successful socialist state. D)India today is a nation of contrasts,with a majority of its population living in poverty. E)Rural and urban poverty in India is rapidly becoming the norm for the first time in Indian history.

Which of the following statements is false regarding today's India? A)Villages have changed little since pre-colonial days. B)Child marriages have been outlawed. C)The law calls for equal pay for equal work. D)Sati is no longer permitted by law. E)Water shortages no longer persist because of massive dam-building projects.

Which of the following statements is not correct about the role of women in India today? A)Female children are less likely to be educated than are their male counterparts. B)There is a more positive attitude toward female education and employment. C)Gender relationships in urban India have been affected by the consequences of independence. D)Traditional domestic behavior is still an accepted part of Indian female deportment. E)Rural Indian women often have greater advantages than urban women.

President Sukarno of Indonesia A)was actually from Sri Lanka and arrived in the Dutch East Indies only in 1941. B)was a boring speaker,but was supported because of fear of his konfrontasi gangs. C)used economic aid from China and the Soviet Union to counter Western influence,and used domestic Indonesian Communists to counter domestic Muslim opponents. D)was pro-Western in both his domestic and foreign policies. E)was radically pro-Muslim.

The regional organization initially formed by Indonesia,Malaysia,Thailand,Singapore and the Philippines is known as A)TIPAM. B)ASEAN. C)SEATO. D)NATO. E)CENTO.

The country that suffered a domestic holocaust at the hands of the Khmer Rouge is A)Thailand. B)Cambodia. C)Laos. D)Burma. E)Indonesia.

The major dichotomy in Southeast Asia is the contrast between A)men and women. B)Chinese and Burmese. C)villages and cities. D)mountains and lowlands. E)coastal and inland regions.

Women in South and Southeast Asian societies A)now have the right to divorce their husbands,to inherit and control money,and obtain a free education in every nation except India. B)in Pakistan and Burma women now hold forty percent of all managerial positions in business. C)are truly equal to men in India,but nowhere else in the region. D)have,in a few instances,held high political office,as indicated by the careers of Indira Gandhi,Corazón Aquino,and Benazir Bhutto. E)do not have political rights in any nation in the region.

The countries which attained their independence from Britain in 1948 and from the Netherlands in 1950,respectively,were A)Malaysia and New Zealand. B)Pakistan and Myanmar. C)India and Sri Lanka. D)Laos and Burma. E)Burma and Indonesia.

Immediately after World War II,General MacArthur's responsibilities included the demilitarization of Japanese society and the A)elimination of the Japanese emperor. B)trial of American officials charged with war crimes. C)laying of the foundations of postwar Philippines society. D)supervision of the creation of labor unions and the breakup of the zaibatsu. E)the rearmament of Japan but under American leadership.

Due to Cold War fears,the United States A)urged Japan to develop an army of twenty divisions after the outbreak of the Korean War. B)acquiesced when the Japanese government established an organized labor movement. C)established large military bases in China and Singapore in the late 1960s. D)backed away from its policy of breaking up the zaibatsu. E)urged the Japanese navy to patrol the Formosa Straits.

The "Japanese Miracle" A)began with the creation of the Tokyo Stock Exchange in 1948. B)had its roots in the initial policy decisions made during the Meiji reform period. C)refers to the fact that Hokkaido was not damaged by atomic blasts. D)led to the establishment of a socialist economy. E)successfully completely abolished all social and gender discrimination.

The treaties signed in September,1951 restored Japanese independence,ended Japanese claims to its former colonies and territories,and A)permitted the Soviet Union to control Hokkaido. B)created a defensive alliance between the Soviet Union and Japan. C)provided the United States with military bases in Japan. D)ended the entrenched social discrimination of Koreans resident in Japan. E)established Christianity along with Buddhism and Shintoism as Japan's official religions.

The customary "government party" in Japan between the 1950s and 1993 was the A)People's Action Party. B)Liberal Democratic Party. C)Socialist Party. D)Social Democratic Party. E)Party of the Republic.

Post-World War II charges of Japanese war-time atrocities against minority-group women were brought about by which of the following groups? A)Eta B)Burakumin C)Koreans D)dalits E)All of the above.

The keiretsu are A)large companies that maintain relationships in a more informal manner than the zaibatsu. B)systems of totally independent corporate entities. C)newly-reconstituted,formalized cartel arrangements. D)Meiji-oriented systems of corporate dependencies. E)monopoly arrangements.

Which of the following is true about today? A)Japanese worker loyalty toward employers is as strong as ever. B)Japan's gross national product is larger than that of the United States. C)Japan is the leading importing nation in the world. D)the Japanese overall per capita standard of living equals or exceeds those of most Western nations. E)Japan's gross national product has fallen behind that of Taiwan and of Korea.

All of the following are correct about the recent Japanese economic developments except A)because of a rise in the value of the yen,exports declined in the 1990s. B)lacking a domestic market as large as that of the United States,in the 1990s the economy slipped into recession. C)the tradition of lifetime employment has continued. D)job security is on the decline. E)slowly the Japanese market is beginning to open up to international competition.

The following is true about the Japanese educational system except A)the workload for students is heavier than that of the American educational system. B)it possesses a non-restrictive and individualistically-oriented environment. C)it demands considerable conformity by the students. D)it has a relationship to the honor of the family that is directly tied to achievement. E)it is devoted to success at almost all cost,and sometimes teachers bully their students.

The famous Japanese novelist and cult figure Yukio Mishima A)opposed the "coca-colonization" of Japan and the world. B)ironically,owned and operated two "Kentucky Fried Chicken" franchises. C)wrote about his five-year career as a captive laborer in Laos. D)always wrote about powerful and successful women. E)died as a result of AIDS.

Japanese rap music is A)identical,in lyrics and ambience,to that in the United States. B)not as associated with sex,violence,and drugs,as in the United States. C)indigenous,and has no links with that found in Western culture. D)mainly concerned with religious themes. E)appeals mainly to older and traditional Japanese.

Kenzaburo Oe A)is Japan's greatest living poet. B)painted the famous "portrait of General MacArthur" in eight minutes on a sidewalk. C)received a Nobel Prize for literature. D)believes rising materialism in present-day Japan represents "progress." E)is the originator of the "industrial novel."

The first leaders of the People's Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea,respectively,were A)Achmed Sokarno and Chou Liu. B)Kim Il Sung and Syngman Rhee. C)Heidekei Tojo and Lee Kuan-yew. D)Yayha Khan and Pu Yi. E)Kim Dae Jung and Arturo Shimonoseki.

Which Korean term is equivalent to the Japanese term zaibatsu? A)cobola B)chaebol C)migheo D)pusana E)taegu

The problems that developed within South Korea in the 1980s were the result of A)excessive urbanization and pollution of water and air. B)a lack of sufficient national economic growth. C)national achievements in land reform. D)a lack of democratic freedom. E)military threats by China.

Which of the following was not a factor that promulgated Taiwanese industrial development? A)effective governmental support of economic development B)U.S.-aided national security C)acceptable level of infrastructure development D)a poorly educated and unmotivated populace E)a manageable population size

Since Chiang Kai-shek's death, A)governmental oppression has been reduced,to the point where the head of the opposition was elected as president in March,2000. B)Taiwan has moved much closer to the mainland government. C)the United States has "suggested" Taiwan consider uniting with the Philippine Islands. D)Taiwan has adopted a socialist economy. E)there are no diplomatic or economic relations between Taiwan and the United States.

The "little tiger" that was once a British crown colony,but is now an independent state,is A)Burma. B)Singapore. C)Hong Kong. D)Taiwan. E)South Korea.

Which of the following has not been a factor in the development of the Singapore economy? A)the oversight of Lee Kuan-yew B)a massive program of public works projects C)oil refineries and a well-developed banking center D)a highly favorable climate for multinational corporations E)a democratic government

Under the regime of Lee Kuan-yew A)an unexpected attempt to foster individualism was made. B)the concepts of Western democratic pluralism have been encouraged. C)the Soviet concept of a centralized socialist society has been favored. D)thrift,hard work,and an obedience to authority were the tenets of state policy. E)the Chinese population was exiled back to the People's Republic of China.

Unlike the other economies of East Asia,Hong Kong's economic development has taken place in a system employing A)unrestrained,free-market capitalism. B)direct state control of the economic sector. C)Communist Chinese support. D)massive British foreign aid programs. E)a socialist economic philosophy.

According to the agreement between Great Britain and the People's Republic of China A)the British were to leave in 1997,regardless of the welfare of the Hong Kong population. B)the Chinese agreed to permit a half-century of largely self-governing capitalism in Hong Kong,after British rule ended. C)the true nature of Hong Kong autonomy after the British left was not discussed. D)the People's Republican Government ended Hong Kong's capitalist system. E)Hong Kong was recognized as an independent nation by the People's Republic of China.

One of the primary reasons for the growing economic prominence of East Asia is A)the importance of the Buddhist religion as a motivating factor. B)its universal political freedoms. C)its production of raw materials,which are exported to western factories. D)the social Darwinian competition between and within the East Asian states. E)the emergence of China a world economic power.

Australia A)has been moving steadily closer to the United States in order to counter the growing influence of Japan and Indonesia. B)has become a virtual Chinese colony,as Chinese capital now dominates the economy and Chinese-Australians constitute twenty percent of the population. C)is dependent on Japan for markets and investment capital,a fact reflected by its "forced withdrawal" from the British Commonwealth in 1994. D)now draws more than one-half of its immigrants from East Asia. E)publicly refused an invitation to join ASEAN in 1995.

Australia and New Zealand A)technically belong to the vast Asian continent. B)historically identified both culturally and politically with the West. C)are not part of the British Commonwealth. D)receive next to no immigration from East or Southeast Asia because of the substantial language barrier. E)look to Europe and the U.S.for nearly 80% of their export market.

India seized most of Kashmir in 1948 because of its largely Hindu population.

Indira Gandhi,daughter of Mahatma Gandhi,continued her famous father's work to democratize and urbanize India.

In spite of past history,by 2003,relations improved between India and Pakistan and both sides promised to seek a peaceful solution to the dispute over Kashmir.

Southeast Asia's most infamous holocaust occurred in Vietnam after the fall of Saigon in 1975.

The Japanese government has been criticized at home and abroad for not accepting responsibility and for not apologizing for atrocities committed during World War II.

A major problem in Japan today is the rapidly increasing birthrate and the fear that in the near future there will be insufficient schools and employment possibilities.

Japan has the highest proportion of people over 65 of any industrialized country.

In contrast to the People's Republic of China,the Republic of China/Taiwan abandoned its Confucian heritage,thus becoming one of the most prosperous states in Asia.

About 60% of all Australian exports today are to East Asian markets.

It can be argued that the economic accomplishments of many of the nations of the western Pacific have come at a high price,in the form of political authoritarianism and the lack of commitment to human rights.

Massive Industrial pollution and the destruction of rain forests in China,India,and Southeast Asia cause friction among nations in Asia and threaten to undermine economic and social progress made since 1945.