The value of goals or outcomes is called ______.
A) expectancy
B) valence
C) self-efficacy
D) instrumentality

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The value of goals or outcomes is called valence. Valence refers to the extent to which a goal or outcome is perceived as positive or negative by an individual. Valence plays an important role in motivating behavior, as people are more likely to pursue goals with positive valence and avoid goals with negative valence. Expectancy, self-efficacy, and instrumentality are all related concepts in expectancy theory, which describes how individuals make choices based on their expectations of outcomes.

The Value of Goals or Outcomes Is Called ______