Question 1

When a person salivates at the sight of food, the response of salivating is classified as a(n):
A)conditioned response
B)conditioned reflex
C)unconditioned response
D)unconditioned reflex

Accepted Answer

Salivating at the sight of food is a conditioned response because it is a learned reaction to a stimulus that originally did not elicit that response.

Question 2

Issues of race, gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation are variables that do not influence the effectiveness of behavioral treatment.

Accepted Answer

Issues of race, gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation can impact the effectiveness of behavioral treatment, as individuals from diverse backgrounds may have unique experiences, worldviews, and needs that affect their response to treatment. It is important for therapists to be culturally competent and adaptable to effectively address these issues in order to provide quality care to all clients.

Question 3

Littering, recycling, energy conservation, and job skills training are all sub-areas that have been dealt with successfully by behavior modification in the area of behavioral community psychology.

Accepted Answer

These sub-areas have indeed been addressed successfully by behavior modification in the field of behavioral community psychology.

Question 4

CAPSI stands for Computer-Aided Personalized System of Instruction.

Accepted Answer

CAPSI stands for Computer-Aided Personalized System of Instruction.

Question 5

The application of behavior modification techniques to individual or group performance within an organizational setting defines the area referred to as community behavioral psychology.

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the application of behavior modification techniques in an organizational setting is organizational behavior management (OBM), not community behavioral psychology. Community behavioral psychology focuses on the application of behavior modification techniques to improve the functioning of communities and larger social systems.

Question 6

If a stimulus (that does not elicit a particular response)is closely followed in time by a second stimulus that elicits a particular response, then the first stimulus will come to elicit the response that was elicited by the second stimulus.This is the definition of the principle of:
A)positive reinforcement
B)operant conditioning
C)counterconditioning
D)respondent conditioning

Accepted Answer

The principle described in the statement is respondent conditioning, also known as classical conditioning. This is when an initially neutral stimulus (the first stimulus in the statement) becomes associated with a stimulus that elicits a particular response (the second stimulus in the statement), and as a result, the first stimulus comes to elicit the same response. This type of conditioning is different from operant conditioning, which involves learning through consequences, and positive reinforcement, which involves adding something desirable to increase a behavior. Counterconditioning is a technique used to replace a negative association with a positive one.

Question 7

Behavior modification has been successfully applied within each of the following areas: education, social work, rehabilitation medicine, industry, and sports.

Accepted Answer

Behavior modification has been used in various fields including education, social work, rehabilitation medicine, industry, and sports, and has shown to be effective in creating positive behavioral changes.

Question 8

That behavior can be modified by its consequences is the basic tenet of:
A)respondent conditioning
B)respondent extinction
C)operant conditioning
D)aversion therapy

Accepted Answer

The basic tenet of operant conditioning is that behavior can be modified by its consequences, such as reinforcement or punishment. Respondent conditioning is the learned association between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus, resulting in a conditioned response. Respondent extinction is the procedure of presenting a conditioned stimulus alone, resulting in the eventual disappearance of the conditioned response. Aversion therapy involves pairing a negative stimulus with a problematic behavior in an attempt to decrease that behavior.

Question 9

Behavioral sport psychology has been defined as the use of behavior analysis principles and techniques to enhance the performance and satisfaction of athletes and others associated with sports.

Accepted Answer

This is an accurate definition of behavioral sport psychology.

Question 10

Over several meals, classical music is played at the dinner table.Eventually, classical music is played without pairing it with food, and the person who ate at that dinner table begins salivating.In this example, the sound of classical music became a:
A)conditioned stimulus
B)conditioned reflex
C)conditioned response
D)conditioned reinforcer

Accepted Answer

The sound of classical music was initially paired with food, which elicited a salivary response in the person. Over time, the music became associated with the food, and eventually, the music alone was enough to trigger the salivary response. This is an example of classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus (the music) becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits a conditioned response (salivation). Therefore, the best choice is A) conditioned stimulus.

Question 11

A stimulus that elicits a response without prior learning or conditioning is called a(n):
A)unconditioned stimulus
B)discriminative stimulus
C)conditioned stimulus
D)establishing stimulus

Accepted Answer

An unconditioned stimulus (US) is a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior learning or conditioning. This response is called an unconditioned response (UR). A classic example is the smell of food (US) causing salivation (UR) in dogs.

Question 12

If a conditioned stimulus (CS)is presented without further pairings with the unconditioned stimulus, the CS will gradually lose its capacity to elicit the conditioned response.This is the definition of:
A)respondent conditioning
B)respondent extinction
C)counterconditioning
D)operant extinction

Accepted Answer

Respondent extinction is the gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus. Option A (respondent conditioning) refers to the process of creating a new conditioned response, option C (counterconditioning) refers to replacing an unwanted conditioned response with a more desirable one, and option D (operant extinction) refers to the gradual decrease in frequency or strength of a voluntarily emitted behavior when it no longer results in the desired outcome.

Question 13

A common strategy for delivering early intensive behavioral intervention with children with autism is referred to as:
A)behavior management
B)developmental teaching
C)discrete-trials teaching
D)behavior analysis

Accepted Answer

Discrete-trials teaching is a common strategy used for delivering early intensive behavioral intervention with children with autism. It involves breaking down skills into small, manageable parts and teaching them through repeated and structured trials. This approach can help children with autism learn new skills and behaviors in a systematic and effective way. Behavior management, developmental teaching, and behavior analysis may also be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for children with autism, but they are not specific strategies for delivering early intensive behavioral intervention.

Question 14

Helping the elderly to function independently during old age is part of the field referred to as:
A)gerontology
B)behavioral medicine
C)behavioral community psychology
D)behavior management

Accepted Answer

Gerontology is the scientific study of aging and the challenges and opportunities associated with aging, including how to help older individuals maintain their independence and functional ability. Behavioral medicine is focused on the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines to address physical and emotional health issues, but does not specifically address aging or elderly care. Behavioral community psychology focuses on promoting social justice and community empowerment through psychological interventions, which may include working with elderly populations but is not a specific focus. Behavior management is a more general field that addresses the use of behavior modification techniques to promote positive behaviors and discourage negative behaviors. While this may be relevant to helping elderly individuals function independently, it is not a specific focus on the aging process or elderly care.

Question 15

PSI (Personalized System of Instruction)was developed by:
A)Lovaas
B)Bellack
C)Keller
D)Skinner

Accepted Answer

PSI (Personalized System of Instruction) was developed by Fred S. Keller in the 1960s.

Question 16

The study of how psychological factors can influence or cause illness, and how people can be encouraged to practice healthy behavior so as to prevent health problems, is referred to as:
A)Cognitive behavior therapy
B)Stress therapy
C)Treatment compliance
D)Health Psychology

Accepted Answer

The term that best describes the study referred to in the question is health psychology. Health psychology is a field that seeks to understand how psychological and behavioral factors interact with physical health and illness. Professionals in this field use this information to develop interventions that encourage healthy behaviors and prevent health problems. While cognitive behavior therapy and stress therapy are both types of psychological treatments, they are not focused specifically on the intersection of psychology and physical health. Treatment compliance refers to how well patients adhere to recommended medical treatments and is related but not synonymous with health psychology.

Question 17

One of the areas of health psychology involves the use of behavior modification procedures to directly treat certain diseases that were previously thought to require medical treatment.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Health psychology has been shown to be effective in using behavior modification techniques to treat conditions such as obesity, substance abuse, and chronic pain.

Question 18

Personalized System of Instruction, or PSI, was developed by Fred Keller and his colleagues.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Personalized System of Instruction was indeed developed by Fred Keller and his colleagues.

Question 19

Many studies have demonstrated that there are psychological problems (e.g., anxiety disorders, depression, habit disorders)for which specific behavioral procedures have been demonstrated to be about equally effective with other forms of psychotherapy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many studies have demonstrated that there are...

Question 20

The person who initially developed behavioral treatments for children with autism is Ivar Lovaas.

Accepted Answer

Ivar Lovaas is widely regarded as the person who developed the first effective behavioral treatments for children with autism.

Quiz 31: Shaping and Schedules of Reinforcement: A Comprehensive Guide

When a person salivates at the sight of food, the response of salivating is classified as a(n) :

Issues of race, gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation are variables that do not influence the effectiveness of behavioral treatment.

Littering, recycling, energy conservation, and job skills training are all sub-areas that have been dealt with successfully by behavior modification in the area of behavioral community psychology.

CAPSI stands for Computer-Aided Personalized System of Instruction.

The application of behavior modification techniques to individual or group performance within an organizational setting defines the area referred to as community behavioral psychology.

If a stimulus (that does not elicit a particular response) is closely followed in time by a second stimulus that elicits a particular response, then the first stimulus will come to elicit the response that was elicited by the second stimulus.This is the definition of the principle of:

Behavior modification has been successfully applied within each of the following areas: education, social work, rehabilitation medicine, industry, and sports.

That behavior can be modified by its consequences is the basic tenet of:

Behavioral sport psychology has been defined as the use of behavior analysis principles and techniques to enhance the performance and satisfaction of athletes and others associated with sports.

Over several meals, classical music is played at the dinner table.Eventually, classical music is played without pairing it with food, and the person who ate at that dinner table begins salivating.In this example, the sound of classical music became a:

A stimulus that elicits a response without prior learning or conditioning is called a(n) :

If a conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented without further pairings with the unconditioned stimulus, the CS will gradually lose its capacity to elicit the conditioned response.This is the definition of:

A common strategy for delivering early intensive behavioral intervention with children with autism is referred to as:

Helping the elderly to function independently during old age is part of the field referred to as:

PSI (Personalized System of Instruction) was developed by:

The study of how psychological factors can influence or cause illness, and how people can be encouraged to practice healthy behavior so as to prevent health problems, is referred to as:

One of the areas of health psychology involves the use of behavior modification procedures to directly treat certain diseases that were previously thought to require medical treatment.

Personalized System of Instruction, or PSI, was developed by Fred Keller and his colleagues.

Many studies have demonstrated that there are psychological problems (e.g., anxiety disorders, depression, habit disorders)for which specific behavioral procedures have been demonstrated to be about equally effective with other forms of psychotherapy.

The person who initially developed behavioral treatments for children with autism is Ivar Lovaas.