Question 1

Define conditioned reflex, and give an example.

Accepted Answer

A conditioned reflex is a stimulus-response relationship in which a stimulus elicits a response because of prior respondent conditioning.For example, in Pavlov's experiment after a tone had been paired with food (that elicited salivation)several times, the presentation of the tone along came to elicit salivation.The tone-salivation sequence was a conditioned reflex.Other appropriate examples are acceptable.

Question 2

Define and give an example of the following: unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus, and conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

An unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that elicits a response without prior learning.For example, presentation of food elicits salivation.An unconditioned response is a response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus, for example, salivation to food.A conditioned stimulus is one that did not previously elicit a response, but has come to do so because of appropriate pairings with another stimulus that elicits a response.For example, in Pavlov's experiment, the bell did not elicit salivation, but it came to do so because of appropriate pairings with food.The bell was therefore a conditioned stimulus.A conditioned response is a response elicited by a conditioned stimulus.In the example of Pavlov's experiment, when the bell eventually came to elicit salivation, salivation to the bell would be a conditioned response.Other appropriate examples are acceptable.

Question 3

State the procedure and result of the principle of respondent extinction. Give an example that is not in this chapter.

Accepted Answer

If a conditioned stimulus is presented without further pairings with the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned stimulus will gradually lose its capability of eliciting the conditioned response.Any appropriate example is acceptable.

Question 4

Define respondent stimulus discrimination, and give an example.

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Question 5

Briefly, in a sentence each, describe five variables that influence the development of a conditioned reflex.

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Question 6

In the respondent conditioning component for treating alcoholism, what is the US, UR, CS, and CR?

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Question 7

Define respondent stimulus generalization, and give an example.

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Question 8

Give an example of a conditioned taste aversion.

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Question 9

What are respondent behaviors? Give three examples.

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Question 10

What is aversion therapy? Give an example.

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Question 11

Why do you suppose that we have evolved so that we are susceptible to conditioned taste aversion?

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Question 12

Define unconditioned reflex. Give three examples.

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Question 13

Discuss whether all stimuli are equally capable of becoming CSs.

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Question 14

Diagram an example of higher-order conditioning.

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Question 15

Give three examples of conditioned reflexes, one for each of these categories: digestion, circulation, and respiration.

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Question 16

Describe the process of counterconditioning. Describe or diagram an example of counterconditioning that is not in the chapter.

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Question 17

What is biological preparedness?

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Question 18

What are two other names for respondent conditioning?

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Question 19

In the example of Susan learning to fear performing the double axel jump, what was the US, UR, CS, and CR?

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Question 20

Describe (or diagram)how counterconditioning was involved to help Susan overcome her fear of attempting a double axel jump.

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Quiz 3: Respondent Classical, Pavlovian Conditioning of Reflexive Behavior