Quiz 10: Families

Earning a living and maintaining a household are part of the ________ dimension of marriage.

According to Murdock, 75% of the world's societies (but not 75% of the world's population) appear to accept ________ as a form of marriage.

Your textbook defines a/an ________ as two or more people related by blood, adoption or marriage (legally or otherwise), and who reside together.

________ is defined as one woman married to two or more men.

The ________ is a feature of families that is almost uniform across societies.

A family organization in which the primary emphasis is on the biological link rather than on the spousal relationship is referred to as a/an ________ family.

Among the Nayar in Southern India, married women could receive any of the men of the neighbourhood group as ________.

In the ________ view, long-term changes in the family are related to societal changes, especially changes in economic structures.

In non-industrial societies individuals obtained much of their emotional gratification through religion and community. Using Durkheim's terminology, these societies were held together by ________ solidarity.

The ________ standard regards sex as a physical expression of love and sees premarital sex as acceptable when love or strong affection is present.

As a premarital sexual standard, the ________ standard grants men premarital sexual license, but expects premarital virginity of women.

The ________ refers to the fact that in a marriage, a younger partner (usually a wife) has less experience with responsibility and leadership roles, and is likely to have achieved less in economic or career terms, as compared to the older partner.

The traditionally higher fertility rate in Quebec decreased in the 1960s due to the weakening influence of the ________ church.

It is much easier for a woman to get out of an unhappy marriage if she is ________.

Until 1968, ________ was the only ground for divorce in Canada.

Expressive exchanges represent the ________ dimension of marriage. A) structural B) intellectual C) task-oriented D) emotional E) instrumental

According to the definition in your text, to be considered a family, a social unit must: A) be recognized by the church or the state B) have members of the opposite sex C) maintain a common residence D) have income E) share common values

Polygyny and polyandry are critically different in what respect? A) in polygynous marriages males are the household head B) in polyandry the wife has more than one husband C) in polyandry the male has more than one wife D) in polygyny the male allows sexual access to his wife to other male blood relatives E) in polygyny the male has extra-marital affairs with single women

Polygyny means: A) one man married to two or more women: husband sharing B) marriage of one man to one woman C) marriage of one woman to more than one man D) marriage involving two or more women and two or more men E) marriage in which there are no children

In a/an ________ family there are children from a prior marriage of one of the spouses. A) endogamous B) husband-wife C) polyandrous D) reconstituted E) matrilocal

A family organization where the emphasis is on biological ties rather than spousal ties is called a: A) nuclear family B) reconstituted family C) consanguine family D) neolocal family E) blended family

In a ________ family, the emphasis is on the spousal bonds. A) nuclear B) reconstituted C) consanguine D) neolocal E) blended

Suppose marriage patterns in a society followed the principles of exogamy and polyandry. Which of the following cases would conform to the society's principles? A) a man who is married to several women from a different tribe B) a man who is married to several women from his own tribe C) a woman who is married to several men from a different tribe D) a woman who is married to several men from her own tribe E) a man who takes at least one wife from his own tribe

Communal residence and occupational cooperation in the Yoruba of Nigeria would be threatened if the Yoruba men followed ________ bonds and listened to their wives rather than their fathers and brothers. A) nuclear B) consanguine C) kinship D) extended E) incomplete

In part, the incest taboo reinforces the family by: A) encouraging sexual rivalry B) enlarging the kin network C) enhancing the expressive dimension of the family D) discouraging exogamy E) discouraging endogamy

________ said that the government had no place in the nation's bedrooms. A) Marx B) Weber C) Durkheim D) Trudeau E) Layton

Generally speaking, the 1950s are considered by researchers to be a period that was: A) poor in terms of family income growth B) family centred C) an entry point for women into the workforce D) still recovering from the return of veterans from World War II E) the end of the baby boom

In the transition from a non-industrial to an industrial society, families became all but which of the following: A) more important as sources of emotional gratification B) more important as sources of personal identity C) more important as sources of affective involvement D) more important as sources of care of the aged E) less central to the organization of society

Generally speaking, a longer life span for individuals increases the chances for: A) larger numbers of children in the family B) the reestablishment of the extended family C) later home-leaving for children D) marital breakdown and divorce E) higher joint income

The premarital sexual standard which suggests that sex is primarily a giving and receiving of sexual pleasure is known as the: A) fun standard B) new morality C) abstinence standard D) double standard E) love standard

The term "cluttered nest" refers to the fact that: A) the age of home leaving for children is increasing B) polygamy is becoming more popular C) homosexual unions are increasing in number D) the extended family is becoming more popular E) exogamy is becoming more popular

The modern phenomenon of cohabitation started with university students, especially in ________ and ________, in the 1960s. A) North America, South America B) North America, Scandinavia C) Scandinavia, France D) Germany, Holland E) The United States, South America

One example of ________, or dissimilarity between married partners, occurs with respect to age. A) heterogamy B) homogamy C) exogamy D) endogamy E) hatrogamy

Homogamy refers to the idea that: A) children in a family belong to the whole social group B) the D factor C) opposites attract D) like marries like E) marriage involves only two partners

The implications of the average wife being two years younger than her husband, and therefore of a lesser social status, are expressed in the concept of: A) homogamy B) mating gradient C) endogamy D) exogamy E) instrumental function

Despite the fact that the dual-earner model has become the norm, close to half of families could be described as ________ because the major responsibility for paid and unpaid work remains divided along traditional gender lines. A) neo-traditional B) double burden C) homogamous D) heterogamous E) partnership

Among families with children, approximately ________ percent were lone-parent families in 2006: A) 40 B) 30 C) 26 D) 15 E) 10

Which of the following is not a source of strain for single parents, according to Cherlin? A) task overload B) responsibility overload C) emotional overload D) being inexperienced as parents E) too little time

Divorce propensities are particularly high if: A) the couple married at a young age B) the marriage includes children C) the husband earns significantly more than his wife D) the couple married later in life E) the marriage is a first marriage

Which of the following best describes Canadian divorce rates, as compared to other countries? A) higher than France, but lower than the U.S. B) higher than the U.S., but lower than England C) lower than the U.S., and lower than Germany D) higher than in Germany, but lower than in Japan E) lower than in the United Kingdom, but higher than in Sweden

Name and briefly describe any two types of marriage.

Using examples, explain the difference between a nuclear and a consanguine family.

In terms of its instrumental/expressive dimensions, how has the family changed since the advent of the industrial revolution?

Define "mechanical solidarity" and "organic solidarity." Which is prevalent in non-industrial societies, and which in industrial societies?

Describe what is meant by the "double burden" and describe its prevalence in Canada.

What are the main factors contributing to divorce?

Earning a living and maintaining a household are part of the expressive dimension of marriage.

According to Murdock, 75% of the world's societies appear to accept polygyny as a form of marriage.

According to Murdock, 75% of the world's population appear to accept polygyny as a form of marriage.

A kinship gradient may be defined as two or more people related by blood, adoption or marriage (legally or otherwise), and who reside together.

"Neolocal" refers to a couple residing alone.

The term nuclear family is used to describe a family that includes more than parents and unmarried children.

The functionalist perspective has argued that the family and kin groups had a larger number of functions in pre-industrial society.

In the functionalist view, long-term changes in the family are related to societal changes, especially changes in economic structures.

In non-industrial societies individuals obtained much of their emotional gratification through religion and community. Using Durkheim's terminology, these societies were held together by organic solidarity.

The rules of inheritance perpetuate inequality.

As a premarital sexual standard, the double standard grants men premarital sexual license, but expects premarital virginity of women.

The endogamy gradient refers to the fact that in a marriage, the wife is of a lesser status than her husband.

The traditionally higher fertility rate in Quebec decreased in the 1990s due to the weakening influence of the Roman Catholic Church.

One reason why divorce levels may be higher at lower levels of socioeconomic status is that a lower income means that the instrumental exchanges in the marriage are less rewarding.

Until 1968, adultery was the only grounds for divorce in Canada.