Question 1

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a computer-based test that measures the degree to which you associate particular groups of people with specific characteristics or attributes, and it is based on the assumption that people can sort images and words more easily when concepts seem to "match" or go together.

Accepted Answer

This is a correct statement describing the Implicit Association Test (IAT).

Question 2

There were no intrinsic differences between the groups of boys in Sherif's Robbers Cave experiments. Rather than being racially or ethnically diverse, the boys were all white, middle class, Protestant, and psychologically well-adjusted.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. Sherif's Robbers Cave experiments were conducted with groups of boys who were all white, middle class, Protestant, and psychologically well-adjusted. There were no intrinsic differences between the boys in terms of race, ethnicity, or other demographic factors.

Question 3

Behaviorally, prejudice can be displayed in the form of discrimination.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice refers to biased attitudes or beliefs towards a particular group of people, while discrimination refers to negative actions or treatment towards members of that group based on their perceived characteristics. Prejudice can lead to discrimination, as biased attitudes can influence behavior towards others.

Question 4

Solomon Asch's experiment on conformity was rigged so that all the participants were conspiring with the experimenter, except for one person, the real subject.

Accepted Answer

In Solomon Asch's conformity experiments, all but one of the participants were confederates of the experimenter, and they gave pre-arranged incorrect answers to see if the real participant would conform to the group's incorrect consensus.

Question 5

Explicit attitudes are evaluations that are automatic, unintentional, difficult to control, and are sometimes, but not always, unconscious.

Accepted Answer

Explicit attitudes are conscious evaluations that people can report and reflect upon, unlike implicit attitudes which are automatic and often unconscious.

Question 6

Solomon Asch was the social psychologist who is best known for his pioneering studies on conformity.

Accepted Answer

Solomon Asch is indeed known for his work on conformity, particularly his famous line judgement study in the 1950s.

Question 7

The jigsaw classroom technique is a teaching technique that stresses competitive, rather than cooperative, learning situations.

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw classroom technique is actually a teaching technique that emphasizes cooperative learning situations, where students work together to complete a task or solve a problem. Students are each responsible for a specific piece of information or task and must work together to put the larger picture together. This technique promotes collaboration, communication, and teamwork skills among students.

Question 8

Conformity is defined as the tendency to adjust your opinions, judgments, or behavior so that they match the opinions, judgments, or behavior of other people, or the norms of a social group or situation.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of conformity.

Question 9

The most widely used test to measure implicit attitudes and preferences is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), developed by psychologist Anthony Greenwald and his colleagues.

Accepted Answer

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is not the most widely used test to measure implicit attitudes and preferences. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is currently the most widely used test for this purpose.

Question 10

The Robbers Cave experiments by psychologist Muzafer Sherif and his colleagues demonstrated how hostility between groups could be created and, more importantly, how that hostility could be overcome.

Accepted Answer

The statement correctly describes the findings of the Robbers Cave experiments conducted by Muzafer Sherif and his colleagues. The experiments showed how creating competition and conflict between two groups of boys at a summer camp led to increased hostility and aggression towards each other. However, by introducing superordinate goals that required cooperation between the groups, Sherif was able to reduce intergroup hostility and foster positive interactions. The study is considered a classic example of intergroup conflict and cooperation.

Question 11

Solomon Asch's experiment on conformity was rigged so that the females in the group gave one answer, and the males in the group gave another answer.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Solomon Asch's experiment on conformity did not rig the answers to be different based on gender. The experiment involved a group of participants who were asked to judge the length of lines, and were influenced by confederates who purposely gave incorrect answers. The gender of the participants and confederates was not a factor in the experiment.

Question 12

Muzafer Sherif is the American social psychologist who is best known for his Robbers Cave experiments, which were designed to study prejudice, conflict resolution, and group processes.

Accepted Answer

Muzafer Sherif is indeed the American social psychologist who is best known for his Robbers Cave experiments which studied prejudice, conflict resolution, and group processes.

Question 13

The children exposed to the jigsaw classroom technique had higher self-esteem, engaged in less negative stereotyping and prejudice, and had a greater liking for children of other ethnic groups than children in traditional classrooms.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true based on research studies on the effectiveness of the jigsaw classroom technique.

Question 14

In Solomon Asch's experiment on conformity, the subjects followed the majority and gave the wrong answer on 37 percent of the critical trials.

Accepted Answer

Asch's study found that 37 percent of the subjects gave the wrong answer on the critical trials in order to conform to the majority opinion.

Question 15

The Implicit Association Test has been criticized because the ease with which certain associations are made may reflect familiarity with cultural stereotypes, rather than personal bias or prejudice.

Accepted Answer

The criticism states that the ease of making certain associations may reflect familiarity with cultural stereotypes rather than personal bias, indicating that the IAT may not accurately measure personal bias or prejudice.

Question 16

When prejudice is displayed emotionally, the emotions can be intensely negative.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice often involves deeply held beliefs and biases, which can stir up strong emotions such as anger, fear, and hatred. These emotions can be directed towards individuals or groups that are perceived to be different or inferior, leading to discrimination and mistreatment.

Question 17

The jigsaw classroom technique is a teaching technique that brings together students in small, ethnically diverse groups to work on a mutual project.

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw classroom technique is a real teaching technique that aims to promote cooperation and reduce prejudice among students by dividing them into small multiethnic groups to complete a common task.

Question 18

In the Robbers Cave experiment, the researchers created rivalry by having the two groups compete against each other in a series of games.

Accepted Answer

The Robbers Cave experiment did involve creating rivalry between two groups of boys by having them compete against each other in a series of games.

Question 19

After a fierce rivalry developed between the two groups of boys, psychologist Muzafer Sherif found that simply having the two groups of boys spend time together in peaceful situations, such as eating together in the dining hall, greatly reduced the intergroup tension.

Accepted Answer

Muzafer Sherif found that simply having the groups engage in contact through peaceful situations like eating together was not enough to reduce intergroup tension significantly. He discovered that cooperative efforts towards superordinate goals (goals that are important to both groups and can only be achieved through their joint efforts) were necessary to significantly reduce the rivalry and tension between the groups. This was demonstrated in the Robbers Cave Experiment.

Question 20

In the Robbers Cave experiment conducted by psychologist Muzafer Sherif and his co-researchers, the participants consisted of prison inmates who had been convicted of armed robbery.

Accepted Answer

The participants in the Robbers Cave experiment were not prison inmates. They were actually 22 middle-class, 11-year-old boys from Oklahoma.

Quiz 11: Section 3: Social Psychology