Question 1

Which of the following sensory receptors are constantly being replaced?
A)taste buds, proprioceptors, and nociceptors
B)rods, cones, and olfactory receptors
C)olfactory receptors and taste buds
D)taste buds and hair cells in the basilar membrane

Accepted Answer

Olfactory receptors and taste buds are constantly being replaced. This is why our sense of taste may change over time or after an injury or illness. Rods, cones, hair cells in the basilar membrane, and proprioceptors and nociceptors are not constantly being replaced.

Question 2

The sensory receptor cells for hearing are:
A)located in the primary auditory cortex of the brain.
B)embedded in the tiny bones (anvil, hammer, stirrup) in the middle ear.
C)embedded in the basilar membrane in the cochlea of the inner ear.
D)located along the length of the auditory nerve.

Accepted Answer

The basilar membrane in the cochlea of the inner ear contains sensory receptor cells for hearing, specifically the hair cells. These cells are responsible for detecting sound vibrations and converting them into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve.

Question 3

Your Pacinian corpuscles are sensory receptors that respond to:
A)barometric changes.
B)pressure.
C)pain.
D)movement.

Accepted Answer

Pacinian corpuscles are sensory receptors that respond to pressure. They are located in the skin and in deep tissues. When pressure is applied to the skin, the Pacinian corpuscles detect the change in pressure and send signals to the brain to create a sense of touch.

Question 4

While helping his friends move, Ben dropped a box of books on his big toe. The immediate, sharp sensation of pain was carried by _____, while the throbbing pain that lasted for the next few days was transmitted by _____.
A)nociceptors; substance P
B)A-delta fibers; C fibers
C)Pacinian corpuscles; nociceptors
D)C fibers; A-delta fibers

Accepted Answer

The immediate, sharp pain that Ben felt was transmitted by A-delta fibers, which are responsible for fast pain perception, such as the acute pain from dropping a box on a toe. The throbbing, longer-lasting pain was transmitted by C fibers, which are responsible for slower, chronic pain signals.

Question 5

According to the volley principle, _____ fire into "volleys."
A)dendrites
B)neurons
C)hair cells
D)auditory nerves

Accepted Answer

Hair cells fire into "volleys" according to the volley principle.

Question 6

When Matt went duck hunting with his father, they wore camouflage clothing that would allow them to blend in with their surroundings. The effectiveness of camouflage is based on which Gestalt principle?
A)proximity
B)similarity
C)the law of Prägnanz
D)figure-ground

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of figure-ground refers to the idea that we perceive objects as either figures (standing out from their background) or as part of the ground (blending in with their background). In the case of camouflage clothing, the clothing serves to blend in with the surroundings, allowing the hunters to become part of the ground and less visible to their prey.

Question 7

You and your friends are trying to put together a 5,000-piece jigsaw puzzle. Because you are doing this one piece at a time without knowing what the final picture will be, you are relying on _____ processing.
A)bottom-up
B)top-down
C)conceptually driven
D)kinesthetic

Accepted Answer

Bottom-up processing involves processing information in a step-by-step manner, starting with individual pieces or details and building up to a larger understanding or concept. This is exactly what is happening in trying to complete a jigsaw puzzle, as you are starting with individual pieces and trying to fit them together to create a larger picture. Choice B, top-down processing, involves starting with a larger understanding or concept and breaking it down into smaller pieces, which is not applicable in this scenario. Choice C, conceptually driven processing, involves using pre-existing knowledge or concepts to process new information, which may not necessarily apply in the context of assembling a jigsaw puzzle. Choice D, kinesthetic processing, involves processing information through physical movement or sensation, which may occur to some extent when handling and fitting puzzle pieces, but is not a primary method of processing in this scenario.

Question 8

Research indicates that the effects of subliminal stimuli tend to be:
A)fairly strong but short-lived.
B)fairly strong and long-lasting.
C)weak and short-lived.
D)weak but long-lasting.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that the effects of subliminal stimuli are weak and short-lived. Subliminal messages may have a slight influence on behavior or perception, but it is generally not significant, and the effects are often short-lived. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 9

Which of the following factors can increase the perception of pain?
A)darkness versus light
B)geographic location
C)anxiety and a sense of helplessness
D)distraction

Accepted Answer

Anxiety and a sense of helplessness can increase the perception of pain by causing the release of stress hormones that enhance pain sensitivity. Darkness versus light and geographic location are not typically associated with an increase in pain perception. Distraction can help to decrease the perception of pain.

Question 10

_____ is the scientific study of paranormal phenomena and ESP.
A)Parapsychology
B)Extrasensory psychology
C)Pseudopsychology
D)Gestalt psychology

Accepted Answer

Parapsychology is the only field that specifically focuses on studying paranormal phenomena and ESP (extrasensory perception). Extrasensory psychology and gestalt psychology are legitimate fields of psychology, but they do not relate to the study of paranormal phenomena. Pseudopsychology is a term used to describe false or unsupported psychological theories or practices.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)There is no evidence to support the existence of pheromones in humans.
B)Psychologists have recently discovered a pheromone that is emitted by breastfeeding women that makes them irresistible to the opposite sex.
C)There is evidence that human pheromones function as social signals, affecting moods and social interactions.
D)A chemical has recently been identified in the perspiration of young males that acts as a powerful sexual stimulus, increasing sexual motivation in women.

Accepted Answer

There is evidence to suggest that human pheromones function as social signals, affecting moods and social interactions. While there is no clear consensus on the specific pheromones and their effects, some studies have shown that certain chemicals in human sweat can affect the behavior of others. However, there is no evidence to support the claims in options B and D, and option A is incorrect as there have been some studies that suggest the existence of pheromones in humans.

Question 12

_____ provide more specific information and function best in bright light, while _____ provide less specific information and function best in dim light.
A)Cones; rods
B)Rods; cones
C)Bipolar cells; ganglion cells
D)Ganglion cells; bipolar cells

Accepted Answer

Cones are responsible for color vision and provide more detailed and specific information, making them more effective in bright light. Rods, on the other hand, are responsible for detecting motion and providing less specific information, making them more effective in dim light situations.

Question 13

Walking into the bakery, you immediately notice the smell of freshly baked bread. What is the name of the process through which physical stimuli, such as odors, are converted into neural signals that are sent to the brain?
A)sensory adaptation
B)the mere exposure effect
C)accommodation
D)transduction

Accepted Answer

The name of the process through which physical stimuli, such as odors, are converted into neural signals that are sent to the brain is transduction.

Question 14

The phenomenon of afterimages can be best explained by which theory?
A)frequency theory
B)place theory
C)trichromatic theory
D)opponent-process theory

Accepted Answer

The opponent-process theory best explains the phenomenon of afterimages. This theory suggests that color perception is controlled by the activity of two opponent systems: a blue-yellow mechanism and a red-green mechanism. When one color in a pair is stimulated, the other is inhibited, leading to the experience of afterimages.

Question 15

Which of the following would NOT be considered to be an example of a paranormal phenomenon?
A)psychokinesis
B)subliminal perception
C)precognition
D)telepathy

Accepted Answer

Subliminal perception is a psychological concept that refers to the ability to perceive stimuli that are presented below the threshold of conscious awareness. It is not considered to be a paranormal phenomenon. On the other hand, psychokinesis (the ability to move objects with the mind), precognition (the ability to see future events), and telepathy (the ability to read minds) are all considered to be examples of paranormal phenomena.

Question 16

The term sensation refers to:
A)a vague feeling of excitement or pleasure.
B)the process of detecting a physical stimulus such as light, sound, heat, or pressure.
C)the transformation of physical energy into chemical energy.
D)the interpretation and organization of sensory stimuli.

Accepted Answer

Sensation specifically refers to the process of detecting physical stimuli.

Question 17

Grace's aerobics instructor always starts the class with 5 minutes of warm-up exercises. First, she instructs the class to do 10 deep knee bends. Grace's ability to do knee bends without falling over involves her:
A)kinesthetic sense.
B)A-delta fibers and C fibers.
C)vestibular sense.
D)nociceptors in her inner ear.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Grace's aerobics instructor always starts the class...

Question 18

The visible spectrum includes:
A)red, orange, and yellow light waves.
B)the visual field, including peripheral vision.
C)ultraviolet rays, gamma rays, and radio waves.
D)the range of wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum that are visible to the human eye.

Accepted Answer

The visible spectrum refers to the range of wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen by the human eye, which includes colors ranging from violet to red. Therefore, choice D is the best option as it accurately describes the visible spectrum. Choice A is incorrect because it only lists a few colors within the visible spectrum, and choice B is incorrect because the visual field refers to the area that a person can see, not the colors they can perceive. Choice C is incorrect because it includes wavelengths outside of the visible spectrum.

Question 19

According to Weber's law, the size of _____ is a constant proportion of the size of the initial stimulus.
A)the absolute threshold
B)a just noticeable difference or difference threshold
C)a subliminal threshold
D)a binocular disparity

Accepted Answer

Weber's law states that the size of a just noticeable difference, or difference threshold, is a constant proportion of the size of the initial stimulus. This means that as the initial stimulus gets larger, the difference threshold must also get larger to be noticeable.

Question 20

The blind spot:
A)causes permanent vision loss.
B)is caused by nearsightedness.
C)is a small gap in our field of vision.
D)is limited to the left side of our field of vision.

Accepted Answer

The blind spot is a small gap in our field of vision where the optic nerve exits the eye, and there are no photoreceptor cells. It is not a permanent vision loss or limited to the left side of our field of vision. Nearsightedness may affect overall vision, but it is not directly related to the blind spot.

Quiz 3: Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Which of the following sensory receptors are constantly being replaced?

The sensory receptor cells for hearing are:

Your Pacinian corpuscles are sensory receptors that respond to:

While helping his friends move, Ben dropped a box of books on his big toe. The immediate, sharp sensation of pain was carried by _, while the throbbing pain that lasted for the next few days was transmitted by _.

According to the volley principle, _____ fire into "volleys."

When Matt went duck hunting with his father, they wore camouflage clothing that would allow them to blend in with their surroundings. The effectiveness of camouflage is based on which Gestalt principle?

You and your friends are trying to put together a 5,000-piece jigsaw puzzle. Because you are doing this one piece at a time without knowing what the final picture will be, you are relying on _____ processing.

Research indicates that the effects of subliminal stimuli tend to be:

Which of the following factors can increase the perception of pain?

_____ is the scientific study of paranormal phenomena and ESP.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

_ provide more specific information and function best in bright light, while _ provide less specific information and function best in dim light.

Walking into the bakery, you immediately notice the smell of freshly baked bread. What is the name of the process through which physical stimuli, such as odors, are converted into neural signals that are sent to the brain?

The phenomenon of afterimages can be best explained by which theory?

Which of the following would NOT be considered to be an example of a paranormal phenomenon?

The term sensation refers to:

Grace's aerobics instructor always starts the class with 5 minutes of warm-up exercises. First, she instructs the class to do 10 deep knee bends. Grace's ability to do knee bends without falling over involves her:

The visible spectrum includes:

According to Weber's law, the size of _____ is a constant proportion of the size of the initial stimulus.

The blind spot: