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Trade & Technology Quiz 24: The New Deal
History
128
All Questions
52
Multiple Choice
40
True False
0
Essay
20
Short Answer
16
Not Answered
Q 1
In response to President Franklin Roosevelt's first days in office,the American people
A)believed the Depression was largely over.
B)felt a mixture of relief and hope.
C)concluded the economy was not as bad off as they once had believed.
D)felt the Hoover administration must be held accountable for the economic crisis.
E)began to believe they had made a mistake in voting for Roosevelt.
Free
Multiple Choice
B
Q 2
In 1933,two days after he took office,President Franklin Roosevelt
A)took the country off the gold standard.
B)ended prohibition.
C)sent the National Industrial Recovery Act to Congress.
D)presented to Congress a relief plan for the unemployed.
E)closed all banks.
Free
Multiple Choice
E
Q 3
The Economy Act of 1933
A)proposed to balance the federal budget and cut government workers' salaries.
B)ordered all federal agencies to cut their workforce by ten percent.
C)gave immediate pensions to retired war veterans.
D)provided an infusion of cash into the economy.
E)gave the government authority to curb irresponsible speculation by banks.
Free
Multiple Choice
A
Q 4
The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 established
A)the Federal Reserve Board in Washington.
B)the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
C)the Securities and Exchange Commission.
D)both the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Securities and Exchange Commission.
E)None of these answers is correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 5
In 1933,the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
A)offered financial protection for stock investors.
B)gave the government authority to transfer the funds of failing banks to strong banks.
C)protected the assets of small bank depositors.
D)protected banks from failing.
E)prevented banks from speculating irresponsibly.
Multiple Choice
Q 6
To oversee activities in the stock market,in 1934,Congress established the
A)Securities and Exchange Commission.
B)Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
C)Federal Reserve Board.
D)Glass-Steagall Act.
E)Federal Emergency Relief Association.
Multiple Choice
Q 7
The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933
A)sought to raise crop prices by paying farmers not to plant.
B)set minimum prices for retailers purchasing farm products.
C)provided farmers with free seed and fertilizer.
D)offered financial incentives to farmers who improved their production yields.
E)created government warehouses where farmers could store their crops and use them as collateral.
Multiple Choice
Q 8
The Agricultural Adjustment Act
A)favored small farm operations over large ones.
B)fostered further instability in the agricultural economy.
C)protected tenant farmers.
D)failed to improve farm prices.
E)was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
Multiple Choice
Q 9
The New Deal program that created utility cooperatives for rural Americans was the
A)Resettlement Administration.
B)Farm Security Administration.
C)Rural Electrification Administration.
D)Civilian Conservation Corps.
E)Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act.
Multiple Choice
Q 10
The National Recovery Administration of 1933 did all of the following EXCEPT
A)establish a minimum wage for labor.
B)make child industrial labor illegal.
C)set a standard for the maximum hours one could work in a week.
D)increase competition between companies.
E)set floors under prices.
Multiple Choice
Q 11
During the first year of the National Recovery Administration,
A)industry saw prices rise.
B)industrial production declined.
C)large producers consistently dominated the code-writing process.
D)both of these occurred: industry saw prices rise,and industrial production declined.
E)All these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 12
The Tennessee Valley Authority of 1933
A)saw private farmers and business leaders dominate its planning process.
B)was the most controversial program of the early New Deal.
C)was one of the costliest failures of the Roosevelt administration.
D)was headed by former electricity magnate Samuel Insull.
E)was an experiment in regional planning by the federal government.
Multiple Choice
Q 13
Which of the following did NOT occur as a result of the Tennessee Valley Authority?
A)Flooding was almost entirely eliminated in the affected region.
B)The cost of power from private companies declined.
C)Poverty in the region was significantly reduced.
D)Water transportation was improved.
E)Electricity was provided to thousands of new users.
Multiple Choice
Q 14
During its first year,the Civil Works Administration
A)put four million people to work.
B)provided relief funds but not relief work.
C)planned for major building projects such as dams,airports,and power plants.
D)made little progress in helping the jobless.
E)was soon replaced by the Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
Multiple Choice
Q 15
The Civilian Conservation Corps
A)was racially integrated.
B)put the unemployed to work on rural and wilderness areas.
C)included women.
D)mostly employed the jobless rural poor.
E)passed Congress despite Roosevelt's ambivalence about the project.
Multiple Choice
Q 16
In 1934,strong criticism of the New Deal came from
A)the political far right.
B)the political far left.
C)dissident populists such as Huey Long.
D)both the political far right and the political far left.
E)All these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 17
In 1934,the American Liberty League was formed
A)to help win public support for the more controversial New Deal programs.
B)by western business leaders who felt ignored by the New Deal.
C)to unite southerners who opposed the New Deal's support of unions.
D)by a coalition of radical and semi-radical organizations,including the Socialist Party.
E)by wealthy conservatives who strongly opposed the New Deal.
Multiple Choice
Q 18
In 1934,Dr.Francis Townsend attracted widespread national support for a plan that
A)offered medical insurance for the poor and elderly.
B)was strongly supported by Congress.
C)helped pave the way for the Social Security system.
D)guaranteed all able-bodied Americans over age twenty-one a full-time job.
E)provided below-cost health care to children and pregnant women.
Multiple Choice
Q 19
Much of Father Charles Coughlin's outspoken criticism of the Roosevelt administration revolved around the issue of
A)the right of labor to organize in unions.
B)giving public relief jobs to women with children.
C)the repeal of prohibition.
D)changing the banking and currency system.
E)taxing excess corporate profits and surplus riches.
Multiple Choice
Q 20
In 1935,Senator Huey Long
A)advocated a "flat tax" plan.
B)had a strong record of progressive accomplishments.
C)had as much popular support as Franklin Roosevelt,according to opinion polls.
D)declared he would seek the Democratic nomination for president in 1936.
E)advocated a $200 monthly pension for all Americans over the age of sixty.
Multiple Choice
Q 21
The "Second New Deal" was launched in response to
A)the growth of popular protests across the nation.
B)the persistence of the Great Depression.
C)growing political pressures.
D)both the persistence of the Great Depression and growing political pressures.
E)All these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 22
All of the following programs were part of the "Second New Deal" EXCEPT
A)the Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
B)the Wagner Act.
C)the Holding Company Act.
D)the Social Security Act.
E)the National Labor Relations Act.
Multiple Choice
Q 23
During the "Second New Deal," President Franklin Roosevelt
A)moved away from altering the income tax.
B)called for greater civil rights for American minority groups.
C)introduced government-funded unemployment checks.
D)rejected legislative attempts by Senator Robert Wagner to strengthen labor.
E)became more willing to attack corporate interests openly.
Multiple Choice
Q 24
The National Labor Relations Act of 1935
A)ended the labor practice of a "closed shop."
B)gave government the authority to force employers to accept labor unions.
C)enforced the labor practice of an "open shop."
D)resulted in the Supreme Court's striking down of the Wagner Act.
E)invalidated Section 7(a)of the National Industrial Recovery Act.
Multiple Choice
Q 25
In the 1930s,industrial unionism was
A)considerably strengthened by New Deal legislation.
B)supported by the American Federation of Labor.
C)opposed by labor leaders such as John L.Lewis.
D)generally hostile to blacks and women.
E)losing support among unskilled laborers.
Multiple Choice
Q 26
In the 1930s,the industrial union movement
A)was most interested in attracting skilled laborers.
B)decided it was better to organize by companies than by entire industries.
C)grew more militant and powerful.
D)saw many of its leaders take top executive jobs in major companies.
E)became the dominant force in the American Federation of Labor.
Multiple Choice
Q 27
In the 1930s,the Congress of Industrial Organization
A)grew out of a dispute within the American Federation of Labor.
B)was less militant than the American Federation of Labor.
C)would not accept women or blacks as members.
D)confined its organizing to the steel and coal industries.
E)refused to get involved in organizing the automobile industry.
Multiple Choice
Q 28
During the 1930s,the sit-down strike
A)was first used in the steel industry.
B)was a new and controversial labor tactic.
C)was upheld by the courts and state governments.
D)was eventually broken by the Michigan National Guard.
E)All these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 29
During the 1937 sit-down strike of General Motors,the federal government
A)actively sided with the strikers.
B)actively sided with the company.
C)assumed control of the plant.
D)negotiated a settlement through federal arbitration.
E)refused to intervene in the dispute.
Multiple Choice
Q 30
In 1937,regarding the organizing of industrial labor,
A)small steel companies more quickly unionized than did large steel companies.
B)the effort to organize the steel industry proved easier than in the auto industry.
C)the "Memorial Day Massacre" saw striking U.S.Steel employees killed by police.
D)the great majority of strikes were settled in favor of the unions.
E)a key strike against Republic Steel of Chicago succeeded in winning union recognition.
Multiple Choice
Q 31
The Social Security Act of 1935
A)initially only offered a pension for retired workers.
B)did not begin making payments to participants for years.
C)covered all full-time working American citizens.
D)was opposed by President Franklin Roosevelt as being too costly.
E)originally included a program for universal health care.
Multiple Choice
Q 32
The Works Progress Administration of 1935
A)gave federal relief money to those deemed "unemployable."
B)displayed very little flexibility or imagination.
C)provided mostly "make-work" jobs to the unemployed.
D)was under the direction of Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins.
E)was much larger than previous programs of its kind.
Multiple Choice
Q 33
The Works Progress Administration provided federal assistance to
A)artists and sculptors.
B)actors and directors.
C)writers and musicians.
D)all of these: artists,sculptors,writers,and musicians.
E)All these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 34
In the 1930s,the New Deal generally gave
A)work relief to both men and women.
B)cash assistance to both men and women.
C)work relief to women and cash assistance to men.
D)work relief to men and cash assistance to women.
E)both work relief and cash assistance to men and women.
Multiple Choice
Q 35
The election of 1936
A)saw Franklin Roosevelt opposed by the Republican,William Lemke.
B)was considered "too close to call" by opinion polls in the weeks prior to the vote.
C)produced a new and enduring coalition of voters for the Democratic Party.
D)saw third-party challengers play a major role in the outcome.
E)saw the Republican challenger pick up considerable gains in the formerly "Solid South."
Multiple Choice
Q 36
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal political coalition EXCEPT
A)big business owners.
B)the working class.
C)urban blacks.
D)western and southern farmers.
E)liberals and progressives.
Multiple Choice
Q 37
In 1937,President Franklin Roosevelt's call to expand the Supreme Court came from
A)complaints by several justices that they were being overworked.
B)a desire not to have to choose between two different popular candidates for Chief Justice.
C)a Democratic plan to gain for the party permanent control of the federal government.
D)his opinion that the Court needed to review a larger number of cases.
E)his desire to change the ideological balance of the Court.
Multiple Choice
Q 38
President Franklin Roosevelt's proposal to expand the Supreme Court
A)had little effect on future rulings by the Court.
B)did little political damage to his administration.
C)drew significant support from conservatives.
D)was eventually defeated in Congress.
E)gained Roosevelt the support of southern Democrats.
Multiple Choice
Q 39
In response to economic indices in the summer of 1937,Franklin Roosevelt decided
A)that there should be a sharp increase in New Deal spending.
B)the federal government would never be able to end the Depression.
C)the federal work programs would have to be continued indefinitely.
D)that he should try to balance the federal budget.
E)that Social Security should be expanded to include agricultural and domestic laborers.
Multiple Choice
Q 40
During the recession of 1937,
A)Congressional Republicans took most of the blame.
B)the economy was as bad as during the worst period of the Hoover administration.
C)industrial production faltered but employment remained steady.
D)it became apparent that New Deal programs made little impact on economic conditions.
E)Roosevelt tried to mitigate the damage by reducing spending.
Multiple Choice
Q 41
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
A)signified the start of a new round of New Deal legislation.
B)sought to eliminate hiring discrimination based on race,but not gender.
C)did not include a provision regarding working hours.
D)established a national minimum wage.
E)created an enforcement mechanism to protect unions' right to organize.
Multiple Choice
Q 42
By the end of 1938,
A)the nation had largely emerged from the Depression.
B)President Roosevelt began what became known as the "Third New Deal."
C)Congress had come to accept the need for further reforms.
D)the American public had come to strongly oppose the New Deal.
E)the New Deal had largely come to an end.
Multiple Choice
Q 43
Under the New Deal,African Americans
A)were generally treated equally with other races.
B)received no significant appointments in the Roosevelt White House.
C)received more sympathy than under most previous administrations.
D)were able to challenge many patterns of race discrimination effectively.
E)found the government hostile to black aspirations.
Multiple Choice
Q 44
The most influential advocate for African Americans in the Roosevelt administration was
A)Frances Perkins.
B)Harold Ickes.
C)Harry Hopkins.
D)Eleanor Roosevelt.
E)Mary McLeod Bethune.
Multiple Choice
Q 45
African Americans employed by New Deal relief programs
A)were paid the same wages as whites doing the same jobs.
B)were among the first to be released when funds ran out.
C)saw existing patterns of discrimination dismantled.
D)were both paid the same wages as whites doing the same jobs,and among the first to be released when funds ran out.
E)All these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice
Q 46
New Deal policy toward American Indians
A)continued past government policies.
B)favored Indian assimilation into the larger white culture.
C)was grounded in a commitment to cultural relativism.
D)encouraged Indians to own land as individuals,rather than collectively.
E)led to a considerable decrease in tribal lands.
Multiple Choice
Q 47
John Collier is associated with New Deal
A)Indian policies.
B)programs for African Americans.
C)health programs for children.
D)initiatives for the working class.
E)administration of public works.
Multiple Choice
Q 48
Frances Perkins,the first female cabinet member in American history,was secretary of
A)commerce.
B)agriculture.
C)labor.
D)health and human services.
E)education.
Multiple Choice
Q 49
Which of the following statements regarding the New Deal and women is NOT true?
A)The New Deal sanctioned sexually discriminatory wage rates.
B)New Deal relief agencies offered relatively little employment for women.
C)Women were encouraged to leave the workplace to help men get jobs.
D)Many occupations dominated by women were excluded from Social Security.
E)In general,women were major critics of the New Deal.
Multiple Choice
Q 50
In the American West,New Deal programs
A)were limited and had a minimal impact on life.
B)focused on the few large cities.
C)led to a change in existing racial relations.
D)disproportionately benefited the region in funding.
E)drew considerable opposition for their environmentalism.
Multiple Choice
Q 51
One of the major effects the New Deal had on the United States was how it
A)fostered stronger and more varied interest groups.
B)created a unified,government-controlled economy.
C)created a harmonious,ordered economy.
D)created laws that provided equal economic opportunity for all American workers.
E)ended the Depression.
Multiple Choice
Q 52
One long-term consequence of the New Deal was in how
A)the government effectively redistributed the wealth among the American people.
B)it demonstrated that sufficient government spending could resolve economic emergencies.
C)the national government assumed a responsibility for the basic welfare of the people.
D)the influence of the government on the economy became greater than that of private businesses.
E)the government substantially transformed the distribution of power within American capitalism.
Multiple Choice
Q 53
Much of Franklin Roosevelt's early success as president was a result of his personality.
True False
Q 54
During his first 100 days in office,President Roosevelt let it be known that balancing the federal budget was a high priority of his administration.
True False
Q 55
The Agricultural Adjustment Act did not bring about a rise in farm prices in the years immediately following its passage in 1933.
True False
Q 56
The Supreme Court declared both the National Industrial Recovery Act and the Agricultural Adjustment Act to be unconstitutional.
True False
Q 57
The Rural Electrification Administration was more effective and affected more people than did the Resettlement Administration.
True False
Q 58
The National Industrial Recovery Act sought to tighten antitrust provisions and make important concessions to labor.
True False
Q 59
The industrial codes set up under the National Recovery Administration set floors below which no company could lower prices or wages.
True False
Q 60
The provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act included a promise to workers that they could participate in collective bargaining,but there were no enforcement mechanisms in the legislation.
True False
Q 61
Under the National Industrial Recovery Act,the code writing was to be done by the Congress.
True False
Q 62
During his first term,President Roosevelt considered relief to the unemployed to be the most important task.
True False
Q 63
The Home Owner's Loan Corporation provided funds for refinancing home mortgages.
True False
Q 64
President Roosevelt had misgivings about establishing a federal "dole" for the jobless.
True False
Q 65
By the end of President Roosevelt's first term,much of the corporate world had come to realize that the New Deal was attempting to save capitalism and was not its enemy.
True False
Q 66
The Social Security Act was part of what has been called the Second New Deal.
True False
Q 67
Charles Coughlin quickly moved from supporting to opposing President Roosevelt.
True False
Q 68
Senator Huey Long's Share-Our-Wealth Plan alarmed the Roosevelt administration.
True False
Q 69
During his first term,President Roosevelt grew increasingly willing to openly attack corporate interests.
True False
Q 70
President Roosevelt responded to the challenge of Huey Long by proposing new tax cuts.
True False
Q 71
President Roosevelt was dissatisfied with the National Labor Relations Act,but he did sign it.
True False
Q 72
The Congress of Industrial Organizations was more receptive to women and blacks than the American Federation of Labor had been.
True False
Q 73
Despite the challenge of the CIO,the AFL remained committed to the craft union idea.
True False
Q 74
In general,the CIO was a more militant labor organization than the AFL.
True False
Q 75
The sit-down strike was an effective way to prevent companies from using strikebreakers.
True False
Q 76
During the 1930s,the smaller steel companies were more willing to accommodate unions than were the large steel companies.
True False
Q 77
The original Social Security Act included a system of unemployment insurance.
True False
Q 78
The New Deal had moved far enough to the left by 1935 that the poorest of workers,including domestic servants and agricultural laborers,were covered by the Social Security Act.
True False
Q 79
New Deal programs tried to make a distinction between those who had earned social protection and those who needed it.
True False
Q 80
The principal government aid to women was not work relief,but cash assistance.
True False
Q 81
President Roosevelt's 1936 reelection was the greatest landslide victory to that point in the history of American presidential elections.
True False
Q 82
Roosevelt's "Court-packing plan" called for replacing conservative justices with liberal ones.
True False
Q 83
Roosevelt's Court-packing plan became unnecessary once the Supreme Court began supporting New Deal legislation.
True False
Q 84
The recession of 1937 seemed to be the result of reductions in federal spending by the Roosevelt administration.
True False
Q 85
By 1936,the black vote had become evenly split between Republicans and Democrats.
True False
Q 86
The New Deal was not hostile to black Americans,but it did not give the issue of race a high priority.
True False
Q 87
On the prompting of Eleanor Roosevelt,New Deal agencies tried to eliminate racial segregation in their programs.
True False
Q 88
Theories of cultural relativism fed into New Deal plans to assimilate the American Indian into the larger white society.
True False
Q 89
The New Deal generally supported the notion that in hard economic times women should leave the workplace in order to open up jobs for men.
True False
Q 90
During the New Deal,the federal government maintained a much greater and more visible bureaucratic presence in the West than in any other region of the country.
True False
Q 91
A primary reason the New Deal failed to end the Depression was that its programs were inadequately funded to resolve the economic challenges of the 1930s.
True False
Q 92
Largely as the result of the New Deal,many Americans in the 1930s became convinced that the government should regulate various aspects of the economy.
True False
Q 93
One of Franklin Roosevelt's first acts as president was to close all ________.
Short Answer
Q 94
The Eighteenth Amendment ban on the sale of alcohol was repealed with the ratification of the ________ Amendment in 1933.
Short Answer
Q 95
The Agricultural Adjustment Administration was to be financed by a tax on ________.
Short Answer
Q 96
The primary new federal agency for industrial recovery during the early New Deal was the ________.
Short Answer
Q 97
The creation of the ________ represented an unprecedented New Deal experiment in regional planning.
Short Answer
Q 98
The ________ was a work relief program established in parks,forests,and rural settings.
Short Answer
Q 99
Conservatives and corporate leaders organized the ________ League to arouse public opposition to the New Deal.
Short Answer
Q 100
The ________ Plan represented a pre-Social Security Act scheme to provide for federal pensions for senior citizens.
Short Answer
Q 101
By 1935,President Roosevelt was most alarmed by the growing popularity of Senator ________.
Short Answer
Q 102
The National Labor Relations Act,popularly known as the ________ Act,provided workers with greater assurance that their collective bargaining rights would be honored.
Short Answer
Q 103
John L.Lewis of the United Mine Workers was one of the leaders of the fledgling ________.
Short Answer
Q 104
The United Auto Workers pioneered the use of the sit-down strike in its dealings with the ________ company.
Short Answer
Q 105
In 1937,the ________ company unexpectedly recognized the steel workers union.
Short Answer
Q 106
The ________ Act of 1935 was arguably the single most important piece of social welfare legislation,to date,in American history.
Short Answer
Q 107
The Works ________ Administration under Harry Hopkins was notable in terms of both dollars spent and new ideas generated.
Short Answer
Q 108
In 1936,________ was the Republican candidate for president.
Short Answer
Q 109
In 1937,the Supreme Court declared both the Wagner Act and the ________ Act to be constitutional.
Short Answer
Q 110
The severe 1937 economic downturn was known to critics as the "________."
Short Answer
Q 111
The commissioner of Indian affairs in the 1930s was ________.
Short Answer
Q 112
The first female member of a president's cabinet,________,was secretary of labor.
Short Answer
Q 113
How was Franklin Roosevelt able to quickly restore the public's confidence in government and the economy in 1933?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 114
How have historians assessed the efforts of both Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt in fighting the Depression? Where do they praise and criticize these two men?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 115
Was Franklin Roosevelt a progressive president in the tradition of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson? What similarities and differences did he share with these two men?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 116
What did Franklin Roosevelt accomplish during his first "one hundred days" in office?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 117
What evidence supports the argument that Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal were liberal?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 118
What evidence supports the argument that Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal were conservative?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 119
How did the New Deal programs evolve between 1933 and 1935?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 120
Who were the major critics of the New Deal and what were their complaints? What effect did these complaints have on the New Deal?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 121
Why were there critics of the New Deal from both the political left and the political right?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 122
What was the significance of the results of the 1936 elections?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 123
Why was the New Deal in disarray by 1937-1938? Why were there no new New Deal programs after 1938?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 124
What impact did the New Deal have on women and minorities?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 125
What did the New Deal accomplish in the 1930s? What did it not accomplish? Why did it fail to end the Depression?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 126
How might the New Deal have been more successful?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 127
What have been the long-term legacies of the New Deal? What major historical assessments have been made of it?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 128
Discuss the fundamental shift that took place in the 1930s regarding the role of the federal government to help people in economic hardship.How would you assess this shift? Has it been useful or not? How does it relate to you personally today?
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question