Quiz 8: Adolescence

Which of the following would be considered a transition-linked turning point signaling entry into adolescence? A)Going to the homecoming dance B)A Jewish bar mitzvah,Catholic confirmation,or similar religious rite of passage C)Getting into the school play,choir,or student government D)Getting a passport or social security card

__________ is the term for a girl's first menstruation. A)The climacteric B)Menses C)Menarche D)A period

Of the following individuals,who would not generally be considered an adolescent? A)Miguel,who turned thirteen two weeks ago B)Eva,who is twelve and just started menstruating C)Isabelle,who is fourteen but has yet to start menstruating D)Min-jee,who is nine but just started menstruating

__________ wrote the first series of books specifically addressing development in the teen years. A) B)Erik Erikson C)Sigmund Freud D)Daniel Levinson

The stereotype that characterizes the teen years as a period of storm and stress has been perpetuated by: A)Jean Piaget B)research C)personal accounts by teenagers D)the media

In formulating his theory of adolescent development, A)cognitive changes. B)social changes. C)biological changes. D)all of these are correct.

Hall characterized the period of adolescence as a time of: A)mild transformation. B)storm and stress. C)significant confusion. D)relative plasticity.

In Hall's opinion,adolescents were generally: A)moody and troubled. B)generous and helpful. C)well-meaning,but misguided. D)criminal and delinquent.

Investigations inspired by Hall's work on adolescents have: A)verified Hall's description of adolescents as stressed and emotionally unstable. B)refuted the dramatic emotional changes Hall identified in adolescents. C)validated the emotional trauma of adolescence but not the cognitive and social changes. D)identified the cognitive changes that drive the biological stressors of adolescence.

__________ is the process of physical changes by which a child's body becomes an adult body capable of reproduction. A)Fecundity B)Adolescence C)Gravidity D)Puberty

For both males and females,what is the first physiological change related to puberty? A)Appearance of downy facial hair B)Changes in hormonal balance C)The beginning of a growth spurt D)Appearance of pigmented pubic hair

Which of the following is not found in a female's reproductive system? A)Cowper's glands B)Mons pubis C)Fimbriae D)Cervix

The __________ is the hollow organ to which the fertilized egg attaches. A)ovary B)mons pubis C)uterus D)fallopian tube

The __________ is a canal connecting the bladder to the outside of the body. A)vagina B)fallopian tube C)epididymis D)urethra

What function does the vas deferens in the male serve? A)Transports sperm before ejaculation B)Produces sperm C)Produces semen D)Produces a substance that changes the acidic balance in the urethra

For boys,the most dependable predictor of the onset of puberty is: A)the initial growth of pubic hair. B)the first ejaculation. C)an increase in the production of testosterone. D)the initial urge to be independent from parents.

In Western countries,the average age for menarche has declined about three months per decade over the past 100 years.This relates to the phenomenon known as the: A)Flynn effect. B)Briggs effect. C)secular trend. D)early menstrual cycle.

Mackenzie is a young girl who lives in the Canada.If she is like most girls,Mackenzie will start menarche when she is approximately: A)fifteen years old. B)fourteen years old. C)eleven and a half years old. D)twelve and a half years old.

The secular trend: A)has been associated with childhood obesity. B)is a relatively old phenomenon. C)is the result of the baby boom generation. D)is typically limited to those cultures that are not industrialized.

Which of the following has been associated with late onset of puberty? A)greater involvement by the father B)lack of affection from the mother C)weight gain in middle childhood D)withdrawal of affection from either or both parent

__________ is an eating disorder characterized by low body weight and a distorted body image. A)Bulimia nervosa B)Bigorexia nervosa C)Anorexia nervosa D)Body dysmorphia

In which of the following groups is anorexia nervosa most common? A)Young adult females B)Young adult males C)Older adult females D)Older adult males

Amber is painfully thin,yet she exercises compulsively,refuses to eat more than 400 calories a day,and still thinks she's grossly overweight.It appears that Amber suffers from: A)anorexia nervosa. B)bulimia nervosa. C)body dysmorphia. D)bigorexia nervosa.

Wendy secretly binge eats and is aware that it is abnormal but cannot seem to stop.After these bingeing episodes,she typically purges either by vomiting or with laxatives.She suffers from: A)obesity. B)body dysmorphic disorder. C)anorexia nervosa. D)bulimia nervosa.

Which of the following is typical of individuals who suffer from bulimia nervosa? A)Fear of not being able to stop eating B)Weight loss of up to 15 percent of normal body weight C)Loss of menstruation D)Immense fear of becoming fat

Among Grade 6 to 10 students,____% of girls describe themselves as being too fat. A)14 B)24 C)34 D)44

Among Grade 6 to 10 students,____% of girls describe themselves as being too fat. A)14 B)24 C)34 D)44

What percentage of adolescent girls are overweight or obese in Canada? A)10% B)15% C)20% D)25%

Which of the following is the third most common chronic condition among adolescents in Canada? A)Depression B)Obesity C)Eating Disorders D)Exercise addictions

Adolescent and young adult females account for ____% of all known cases of anorexia. A)75 B)80 C)85 D)95

During which Piagetian stage do individuals begin to combine tangible entities and use them as guides to abstract thought? A)Formal operational stage B)Concrete operational stage C)Preoperational stage D)Sensorimotor stage

Kelly is beginning to understand the notions of valour and honour,and the sacrifice that men like her great-grandfather,who fought with the U.S.Army in World War II,made for the country.Which of Piaget's stages is she in? A)Concrete operational stage B)Preoperational stage C)Formal operational stage D)Post-adolescent stage

__________ are neurons that play a large role in emotions. A)Spindle cells B)Purkinje cells C)Astrocytes D)Microglia

The __________ filters out unimportant information to keep the brain from being overwhelmed. A)cortical filtration system B)cortical activation system C)reticular filtration system D)reticular activation system

When an adolescent is shown a photo of a fearful person,they are likely to label the emotion as: A)surprise. B)anger. C)fear. D)disgust.

It has been found that adults tend to use the __________ to process photographs of emotions while adolescents tend to use the __________ to process their reactions to those photographs. A)prefrontal cortex; amygdala B)RAS; amygdala C)amygdala; prefrontal cortex D)corpus callosum; prefrontal cortex

Which childhood thought pattern returns during adolescence? A)Artificialism B)Egocentrism C)Centration D)Animism

__________ is adolescents' perception that others are constantly scrutinizing their behaviour and appearance. A)The personal fable B)Delusional self-reference C)The fictional onlooker effect D)The imaginary audience

__________ refers to cognitive efforts involving attention and critical thinking. A)Administrative decision processing B)Managerial performance C)Abstract judgment D)Executive functioning

__________ thinking is an element in creative thinking. A)Convergent B)Linear C)Conventional D)Divergent

Erikson referred to periods in individuals' lives that force them to reassess their self-concept as: A)identity crisis. B)cognitive conflicts. C)transitional periods. D)critical periods.

__________ believed the main task of adolescence was to achieve a sense of identity. A)Freud B)Hall C)Lerner D)Erikson

Jodie is 17 and will graduate from high school in a month.She is torn between joining the Coast Guard and continuing her education.Erikson would say that Jodie is experiencing: A)cognitive dissonance. B)a transitional period. C)an identity crisis. D)a critical period.

Erikson noted that identity confusion is most likely: A)in totalitarian societies where youths are given their identities by others. B)in hunter-gatherer societies where schooling is finished by puberty. C)in democratic societies where youth are given many individual choices. D)in pre-industrial societies where a time of indecision prevents "moratorium."

When Clark was a teenager,he experimented with a variety of identities without having to assume responsibility for the consequences of any particular one.His parents allowed him this "time out" period,called a: A)repudiation. B)moratorium. C)negative identity. D)foreclosure.

Which of the following are the two factors Marcia felt were essential in the attainment of a mature identity? A)Transition through crises and commitment B)Identity confusion and moratorium C)Self-awareness and the ability to set goals D)Separation from childhood and narrowing of focus

Brian has been channeled for a graduate career in physical engineering even though he detests mechanical devices.He is happiest when he is helping his botany professor in the green house; however,as his parents are going to pay for his education,he is resigned to becoming an engineer.According to Marcia,Brian is experiencing: A)foreclosure. B)repudiation. C)moratorium. D)autonomy.

__________ developed a comprehensive biopsychosocial theory of adolescence. A)James Marcia B)Stanley Hall C)John Hill D)Erik Erikson

Hill argued that development consists of four elements,which include: A)biology,psychology,social influences,and time. B)biology,psychology,social influences,and sexual behaviour. C)genetics,relationships,cultural influences,and maturation. D)instincts,conditioned behaviours,cognitive processes,and morality.

Which of the following reflects Hill's view of the changes that occur to the teenager during adolescence? A)It is a time of emotional separation from parents. B)It is a time of rebellion from parental control. C)It is a time of growing self-reliance. D)It is a time of shifting sexual attachments.

When compared to parenting in the 1950's,a recent study found that today mothers: A)spend more time working and less time interacting with their children. B)spend less time working and less time interacting with their children. C)spend less time working and more time interacting with their children. D)spend more time working but as much or more time interacting with their children.

If Damon is like most adolescents,when he needs encouragement and support,he will seek out his: A)mother. B)father. C)brother. D)sister.

Divorce most often occurs in families with: A)Newborns B)young children C)adolescents D)dependent adult children

Which of the following families is most likely to experience a divorce? A)A childless couple B)A family with an adolescent C)A family with middle school children D)A family whose children have left home

One of the most difficult consequences of divorce for adolescents is: A)the change in standard of living. B)the burden of taking care of younger siblings. C)the competition parents often engage in by trying to buy the child's affection. D)the expectation that they must live with only one parent predominately.

During adolescence,conflicts with parents can solidify _________ relationships. A)peer B)romantic C)sibling D)risky

Older adolescents can better cope with financial stress of divorces because they: A)have the support of intimate partners B)tend to spend less time at home C)can enter the workforce D)have more spindle cells

Which of the following often forces adolescents to reconsider positions with which they may initially disagree? A)social media B)conflicts in the home C)celebrity trends D)school curricula

During adolescence,most teenagers tend to look more to their __________ for self-esteem enhancement. A)peer groups B)parents C)siblings D)academic performance

As Lucas approaches adolescence,he will begin to interact more with his peers.At the same time,he will also likely begin to: A)become more involved with his siblings. B)distance himself from his parents. C)take more of an interest in his parents. D)seek more parental approval.

Tiffany,Zulema,Selena,and Shawna get together every day after school to share details of their day and chat about the upcoming swim competition.They are all members of the swim team and participate in the swim club.Tiffany,Zulema,Selena,and Shawna are: A)members of the same crowd. B)form a sibling underground. C)are a subculture. D)a clique.

__________ refers to a group of friends who share similar interests and activities. A)A crowd B)A faction C)Clique D)A gang

__________ is a reputation-based group whose members may or may not spend time with one another. A)A crowd B)A clique C)A subculture D)A gang

Pierre would say he's a "nerd." This implies: A)he wears glasses. B)he is awkward around girls. C)he identifies with certain values and activities associated with the "nerd" crowd. D)he is at risk of low success in life.

During adolescence,peer groups become more aware of the values and behaviors of the larger: A)crowd. B)clique. C)culture. D)subculture.

Adolescents are attracted to qualities in others that: A)remind them of their parents. B)symbolize rebellion against their parents. C)are in line with their religious and ethnic upbringing. D)they aspire to themselves.

Sarah,Joanne,and Rachel are close friends who play basketball together and participate in the student union.Sarah,Joanne,and Rachel make up a: A)crowd B)clique C)counter-subculture D)school club

Which of the following is a common crowd label among high school students? A)the in-crowd. B)the out-crowd. C)the loners. D)the burn-outs.

The terms geeks and jocks are labels used by adolescents to identify a specific: A)crowd. B)clique. C)peer group. D)subculture.

Which of the following marks an important adolescent achievement that supports an individidual's sense of self and the desire to form relationships with others? A)menarche. B)detachment from parents. C)taking "time out" to experiment. D)the formation of peer friendships.

LGBT is an acronym referring to: A)lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender individuals. B)"less gay but trying" to be heterosexual,which is a movement to reorient homosexuals. C)legislation for gays and bisexuals to be together legally. D)"let's get back to tradition," which a political group aimed at making marriage legal only between men and women.

Coming out refers to: A)acceptance of homosexuality by one's peer group. B)declarations of parental support for homosexual children. C)identifying significant others as homosexual. D)disclosing one's homosexual identity to others.

What appears to be the general consensus among psychologists today concerning masturbation? A)It is a normal,healthy way for people to discharge their sex drive. B)It can have adverse effects either during adolescence or early childhood. C)It is harmful and a potential avenue to voyeurism ("peeping Tom"). D)It is harmful in early childhood and leads to an unnatural fixation on the genitals.

Adolescents who engage in sexual intercourse are also likely: A)to be physically fit,as shown by the members who are also involved in athletics. B)spend more time watching television than adolescents who aren't sexually active. C)to take drugs and drink alcohol. D)to have problems with their sexual orientation.

The number of adolescents who have ever had sex as well as the number of adolescents with multiple partners has: A)increased since 1991. B)increased but then leveled off since 1991. C)has shown no difference since 1991. D)has declined since 1991.

When talking to an adolescent about matters that are important,such as drugs and sex,you should: A)use your own experiences to provide them with answers to their problems. B)indicate your understanding and offer advice. C)tell them of similar experiences you or others have had so they will understand that you understand. D)listen to what they have to say and occasionally rephrase what they have said to indicate your understanding.

Of the following young girls,who is least likely to become pregnant? A)Vara,whose family is poor,but she is close to her parents B)Edith,who lives alone with her mother C)Amaya,who has experienced sexual abuse from her father as well as her mother's boyfriends D)Rufaro,whose older sister had a baby when she was sixteen

A good strategy for preventing teenage pregnancies is to: A)provide information about sex and contraception. B)offer alternate activities. C)remind them of the immorality of premarital sex. D)make them feel guilt over risk-taking behaviours.

Most sexual assaults against adolescent females are committed by: A)other adolescents. B)strangers. C)recent acquaintances. D)someone they know and have trusted.

The most common type of serious adolescent sexual abuse occurs between: A)a brother and a sister. B)adolescent females and male family acquaintances. C)a father and a daughter. D)a mother and a son.

What may be considered psychopathology in adolescents is a normal part of: A)resolving identity confusion. B)the decrease in hormonal imbalances. C)aggressive tendencies associated with the growth spurt. D)higher expectations by family and teachers.

The most common mental health problem identified in adolescents is: A)ADHD. B)addiction. C)anxiety. D)psychosis.

Which of the following is a reason that parents do not seek help for their adolescents when they seem to have a mental health issue? A)They are sure the child will outgrow the problem. B)The symptoms are manageable. C)They are apathetic D)all of these are correct

__________ ranks as the second leading cause of death among adolescents. A)Homicide B)Drug overdose C)Injuries due to risky behaviour D)Suicide

What is known about gender differences in adolescent suicides? A)Females are three times more likely to commit suicide than are males. B)Females are twice as likely to commit suicide than are males. C)There are no gender differences in adolescent suicides. D)Males are three times more likely to commit suicide than are females.

Of the following,who has the highest risk suicide risk? A)First Nations youth B)Urban youth C)Black youth D)Recently Immigrated youth

José is 17 and has just come out that he is gay.His friend,Raul,committed suicide last month.José is: A)at higher than average risk of suicide. B)at an average risk of suicide. C)at a low risk of suicide,because support for being gay is easy to find nowadays. D)at a low risk of suicide,because he has given no warning signs.

Which of the following substances has the most damaging effect on an adolescent's developing brain? A)tobacco B)marijuana C)ecstasy D)alcohol

One of the most important influences on substance abuse by adolescents is: A)the media. B)peer pressure. C)family values. D)whether the father smoked and drank or not.

Ashley just started college.If she is like about 6 out of 10 college students,Ashley will: A)have to work part-time while she attends classes. B)have extra help to be college ready. C)live in the dormitories to save expenses. D)live at home but be independent financially.

The only type of violent crime that has increased in the last four decades is: A)sexual violence. B)gang violence. C)family violence. D)armed violence.

For many adolescents,involvement in a gang: A)provides a family relationship they don't have at home. B)is a family custom. C)is involuntary. D)provides a means of transitioning into greater society.

Early-onset trajectory refers to: A)the probability of an adolescent developing conduct disorder. B)criminal behavior that begins around 15 years of age. C)the type of violent behaviour seen in girl gangs. D)criminal behavior that begins before puberty.

Late-onset trajectory refers to: A)criminal behaviour that begins after puberty. B)criminal behaviour that occurs between middle childhood and adolescence. C)the probability that a child will become a violent offender. D)criminal behaviour that begins prior to puberty.

The type of criminal behaviour that has the worst prognosis is: A)mid-onset trajectory. B)late-onset trajectory. C)early-onset trajectory. D)post-onset trajectory.

Jack committed his first violent crime at the age of 11.Which of the following is likely to be true? A)Jack is most likely to experience rehabilitation at an earlier age. B)Jack will likely experience what is called a late-onset trajectory. C)Jack is likely to have a high IQ. D)Jack is likely to commit more serious crimes,which will continue into adulthood.

The majority of youth violence is committed by adolescents in the category of: A)early-onset trajectory. B)late-onset trajectory. C)mid-onset trajectory. D)pre-onset trajectory.

Of the following individuals,who represents the category most frequently seen in cases of youth violence? A)Alex,who was apprehended for his first violent crime when he was ten years old B)Salman,who committed his first crime at sixteen years of age C)Chin-wa,who was arrested for vandalism at twelve years of age D)Andrew,who was caught setting the neighbour's garbage on fire when he was fourteen

During adolescence,risk factors for youth violence are more likely to include __________ than during other periods of life. A)family factors B)economic factors C)peer factors D)behavioural factors such as aggression

Joseph is a quiet but friendly adolescent.He is doing well in school,has a special interest in computer science and has been noted for his high intelligence.His teachers are worried about Joseph because his siblings are gang members.What should you tell Joseph's teachers? A)They are correct to worry,because Joseph's charm and intellect will make him an effective criminal. B)They shouldn't worry as Joseph has several of the protective factors to keep him from a life of crime. C)There is no way to predict how Joseph will turn out given his characteristics and background. D)If they intervene now,they might be able to keep Joseph on the right track,but the chances are he will revert to crime in the future.