Question 1

A strategy for breaking bad habits that involves trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as the strategy of
A) alternate responses.
B) breaking up response chains.
C) cues and antecedents.
D) extinction.

Accepted Answer

The strategy of trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as alternate responses. This involves replacing the old habit with a new, healthier habit that still provides some form of reinforcement. For example, if someone habitually snacks on unhealthy foods when stressed, they could try going for a walk or doing some other form of exercise instead to relieve their stress and still get the same endorphin boost. This technique can be effective in breaking bad habits as it still provides the individual with the desired reward while changing the behavior.

Question 2

Choosing a target behavior,recording a baseline,establishing goals,choosing reinforcers,recording progress,rewarding progress,and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as
A) behavioral self-management.
B) top-down processing.
C) cognitive mapping.
D) perceptual habituation.

Accepted Answer

The procedure described in the question is a classic example of behavioral self-management, which involves setting goals, measuring and tracking progress, choosing appropriate reinforcements, and making adjustments to the plan as needed. Top-down processing, cognitive mapping, and perceptual habituation are all different concepts unrelated to this specific procedure.

Question 3

If you try to avoid,narrow down,or remove stimuli that elicit the bad habit,you are breaking this bad habit using the strategy that involves
A) breaking up response chains.
B) cues and antecedents.
C) alternate responses.
D) negative reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

This strategy involves removing or altering the cues and antecedents that trigger the bad habit. By doing so, the likelihood of engaging in the habit decreases. This is different from breaking up response chains (A) which involves stopping the habit by interrupting the sequence of actions that lead to it, alternate responses (C) which involves replacing the habit with a different, more desirable behavior, and negative reinforcement (D) which involves increasing the likelihood of a behavior by removing an unpleasant stimulus after the behavior occurs.

Question 4

The first step in using "behavioral self-management" is to
A) choose reinforcers.
B) establish goals.
C) choose a target behavior.
D) record two baselines.

Accepted Answer

The first step in using behavioral self-management is to choose a target behavior. This step involves selecting a specific behavior that you want to increase or decrease. Once you have identified the target behavior, you can then move on to establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, and recording baselines.

Question 5

If you watch television every night and want to study more,make it a rule not to turn on the set until you have studied for an hour.Then,lengthen the requirement each week.Using the television watching as a reinforcement for studying is an example of
A) latent learning.
B) the Premack principle.
C) higher order conditioning.
D) the law of association.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of the Premack Principle, which states that a high-probability behavior (watching television) can be used as a reinforcement for a low-probability behavior (studying). By making the rule to study before watching television, the desired behavior (studying) is more likely to occur. Gradually increasing the requirement for studying before watching television also promotes habit formation and self-discipline.

Question 6

When trying to change a bad habit,if a person were to finally discover what is reinforcing an unwanted response and then remove,avoid,or delay the reinforcement,we would say this person has utilized the technique known as
A) extinction.
B) modeling.
C) breaking response chains.
D) cues and antecedents.

Accepted Answer

Extinction is the process of removing, avoiding, or delaying the reinforcement that is maintaining an unwanted behavior. By doing so, the behavior eventually decreases and disappears. This technique is effective in breaking bad habits and replacing them with more desired behaviors. Modeling refers to observing and imitating the behavior of others, breaking response chains involves identifying steps in a behavior chain and altering them, and cues and antecedents refer to the events that precede a behavior. While these techniques can also be useful in behavior change, they do not directly involve the removal of reinforcement.

Question 7

Most nights Ian comes home from work,turns on the TV,and eats a whole bag of cookies or chips.He then takes a shower and changes clothes.By supper time,he has lost his appetite.Ian realizes he is substituting junk food for supper.For instance,he could shower immediately when he gets home or avoid turning on the TV until after supper.Ian will be utilizing the strategy that involves
A) breaking up response chains.
B) cues and antecedents.
C) alternate responses.
D) extinction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most nights Ian comes home from work,turns...

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a strategy mentioned in your textbook for changing bad habits?
A) alternate responses
B) breaking up response chains
C) cognitive mapping
D) cues and antecedents

Accepted Answer

The textbook does not mention cognitive mapping as a strategy for changing bad habits. The other strategies mentioned include: alternate responses, breaking up response chains, and cues and antecedents.

Question 9

Tina always seems to be a little late for work every morning because she spends so much time drinking coffee and reading the morning paper that she has to rush through her shower and her selection of clothes.So,she has decided to get a cup of coffee and drink it while selecting her clothes,then take a shower,and,if any time remains,she will have a second cup of coffee and read the morning paper.Tina is utilizing the strategy that involves
A) breaking up response chains.
B) cues and antecedents.
C) alternate responses.
D) extinction.

Accepted Answer

Tina is breaking up the response chain of drinking coffee and reading the morning paper before taking a shower and getting dressed. By drinking coffee and selecting clothes at the same time, she is interrupting the previous behavior pattern and creating a new one that may allow her to get ready faster and be on time for work.

Question 10

When April is stressed and wants to relax,she has always reached for a glass of wine.However,she wants to break this use of alcohol as a means of relaxation,so she learns stress management techniques and now uses them when she feels stressed.April is using which strategy for breaking a bad habit?
A) breaking up response chains
B) cues and antecedents
C) alternate responses
D) extinction

Accepted Answer

April is using an alternate response strategy for breaking her habit of reaching for a glass of wine when stressed. Instead of using alcohol, she has learned stress management techniques to help her relax.

Question 11

Which of the following involves listing how much time you currently spend performing the specific activity or counting the number of desired or undesired responses you make each day?
A) establishing goals
B) recording a baseline
C) choosing a target behavior
D) setting up reinforcers and punishers

Accepted Answer

Recording a baseline involves listing how much time you currently spend performing a specific activity or counting the number of desired or undesired responses you make each day. This step is important in order to have a starting point for measuring progress and determining the effectiveness of interventions.

Question 12

Brandon wants to cut down on smoking.So,he removes ashtrays,matches,and extra cigarettes from his house and office,keeping them only in the car.Of the strategies listed in your textbook for breaking a bad habit,Brandon is using the one involving
A) breaking up response chains.
B) cues and antecedents.
C) alternate responses.
D) negative reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brandon wants to cut down on smoking.So,he...

Question 13

The Premack principle states that
A) primary reinforcers are the best rewards.
B) secondary reinforcers are the best rewards.
C) things you like to do can act as rewards.
D) the entire response must be completed before rewards are most effective.

Accepted Answer

The Premack principle states that activities that you enjoy doing can act as rewards for completing less desirable tasks. Therefore, choice C is the best answer. Choice A is incorrect because primary reinforcers (such as food and water) may not always be the most effective rewards depending on the individual. Choice B is incorrect because while secondary reinforcers (such as money or praise) can be effective rewards, they are not specifically addressed in the Premack principle. Choice D is incorrect because rewards can be effective at different points in the response process, not just at the completion of the entire response.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a step in the behavioral self-management program discussed in your textbook?
A) choose a target behavior
B) record a baseline
C) choose reinforcing and punishing self-statements
D) adjust your plan as you learn more about your behavior

Accepted Answer

The behavioral self-management program discussed in the textbook includes the steps of choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, and adjusting the plan as you learn more about your behavior. However, choosing reinforcing and punishing self-statements is not specifically mentioned as a step in the program. Instead, the program focuses on using positive reinforcement and punishment to modify behavior.

Question 15

Rhonda has always gotten people's attention by acting "silly," but she wants to get out of this habit.So,she practices intelligent but interesting "starter" conversations to keep people's attention.Rhonda is using which strategy for breaking a bad habit?
A) breaking up response chains
B) cues and antecedents
C) alternate responses
D) extinction

Accepted Answer

Rhonda is replacing her habit of acting silly with a new habit of engaging in interesting conversations. This is an example of the alternate response strategy, where a person replaces a bad habit with a desirable behavior.

Question 16

The idea that a high frequency response can be used to reinforce a low frequency response was proposed by
A) Olds.
B) Skinner.
C) Wolfe.
D) Premack.

Accepted Answer

The Premack Principle, proposed by David Premack, suggests that more probable behaviors (high frequency responses) can reinforce less probable behaviors (low frequency responses).

Question 17

Mary wants to increase the amount of time that she studies each night for school.Which of the following should NOT be a part of her behavioral self-management plan?
A) a recorded baseline
B) weekly goals and an ultimate goal
C) daily reward and weekly reward for reaching goals
D) daily punisher and weekly punisher for not meeting goals

Accepted Answer

Daily and weekly punishments can be counterproductive and may discourage Mary from continuing her efforts to increase her study time. It is better to focus on positive reinforcement through rewards.

Question 18

Fatima has developed a habit of taking longer and longer "breaks" to watch TV when she should be studying.Obviously,TV watching is reinforcing her break taking.To improve her study habits,Fatima could delay reinforcement by studying at the library or some other location a good distance from her TV.In this way,she will remove the reinforcement for "taking breaks." This strategy for breaking bad habits is known as
A) modeling.
B) extinction.
C) shaping.
D) latent learning.

Accepted Answer

Extinction is the gradual decrease in the frequency of a behavior when it is no longer reinforced. By studying in a location that is far away from the TV, Fatima will no longer be able to watch TV during her breaks and the reinforcement for this behavior will be removed, ultimately decreasing the frequency of this behavior. This is a useful strategy for breaking bad habits. Models, shaping, and latent learning are not relevant in this scenario.

Question 19

Requiring a resistant child to eat half of each of the foods on his dinner plate before receiving a favorite dessert is an example of
A) generalized reinforcers.
B) punishment.
C) the Premack principle.
D) the partial reinforcement effect.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of the Premack principle, which states that a high-probability behavior (eating dessert) can reinforce a low-probability behavior (eating disliked foods). The child is more likely to eat the disliked foods if he knows he will receive the favorite dessert as a reward, which is a high-probability behavior.

Question 20

David is a recovering alcoholic.He has not had a drink in eight months.David has avoided parties where alcohol is served,found new friends who do not drink and stayed away from bars.Of the strategies listed in your text for breaking a bad habit,David is using the one involving
A) breaking up response chains.
B) cues and antecedents.
C) alternate responses.
D) negative reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

David is using the strategy involving cues and antecedents by avoiding situations and environments (parties, bars) and people (friends who drink) that could trigger his desire to drink alcohol. This approach focuses on removing or avoiding the triggers that lead to the unwanted behavior.

Quiz 6: C: Conditioning and Learning

A strategy for breaking bad habits that involves trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as the strategy of

Choosing a target behavior,recording a baseline,establishing goals,choosing reinforcers,recording progress,rewarding progress,and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as

If you try to avoid,narrow down,or remove stimuli that elicit the bad habit,you are breaking this bad habit using the strategy that involves

The first step in using "behavioral self-management" is to

If you watch television every night and want to study more,make it a rule not to turn on the set until you have studied for an hour.Then,lengthen the requirement each week.Using the television watching as a reinforcement for studying is an example of

When trying to change a bad habit,if a person were to finally discover what is reinforcing an unwanted response and then remove,avoid,or delay the reinforcement,we would say this person has utilized the technique known as

Which of the following is NOT a strategy mentioned in your textbook for changing bad habits?

When April is stressed and wants to relax,she has always reached for a glass of wine.However,she wants to break this use of alcohol as a means of relaxation,so she learns stress management techniques and now uses them when she feels stressed.April is using which strategy for breaking a bad habit?

Which of the following involves listing how much time you currently spend performing the specific activity or counting the number of desired or undesired responses you make each day?

Brandon wants to cut down on smoking.So,he removes ashtrays,matches,and extra cigarettes from his house and office,keeping them only in the car.Of the strategies listed in your textbook for breaking a bad habit,Brandon is using the one involving

The Premack principle states that

Which of the following is NOT a step in the behavioral self-management program discussed in your textbook?

Rhonda has always gotten people's attention by acting "silly," but she wants to get out of this habit.So,she practices intelligent but interesting "starter" conversations to keep people's attention.Rhonda is using which strategy for breaking a bad habit?

The idea that a high frequency response can be used to reinforce a low frequency response was proposed by

Mary wants to increase the amount of time that she studies each night for school.Which of the following should NOT be a part of her behavioral self-management plan?

Requiring a resistant child to eat half of each of the foods on his dinner plate before receiving a favorite dessert is an example of

David is a recovering alcoholic.He has not had a drink in eight months.David has avoided parties where alcohol is served,found new friends who do not drink and stayed away from bars.Of the strategies listed in your text for breaking a bad habit,David is using the one involving