Question 1

Which perspective focuses on subjective,conscious experience,human problems,potentials, and ideals and emphasizes one's self-image and self-actualization?

Accepted Answer

The perspective that focuses on subjective, conscious experience, human problems, potentials, and ideals and emphasizes one's self-image and self-actualization is the humanistic perspective. This perspective emphasizes the personal growth and development of an individual and their unique experiences and perspectives, which is different from the behavioristic perspective that emphasizes observable behavior, the psychodynamic perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes and childhood experiences, and the cognitive perspective that emphasizes mental processes such as thinking and perception.

Question 2

In describing how a person arrives at a decision,a psychology professor explains to his class that "the mind is very much like a computer and that decision-making involves input,processing,storage,and output." This professor is emphasizing which view of behavior?

Accepted Answer

The professor's emphasis on the mind as an information processing system that involves input, processing, storage, and output highlights a cognitive view of behavior, which focuses on mental processes such as perception, thinking, and memory.

Question 3

Regarding psychology and cultural diversity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary perspective is not the same as the interactionist view of human nature that emphasizes behavior is related to one's environment. The statement is false because it equates two different perspectives in psychology.

Question 4

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Accepted Answer

The behavioristic approach is often seen as neutral and scientific, focusing on observable behavior rather than subjective experiences or philosophical views of human nature. This approach can also be seen as somewhat mechanistic in its view of humans as responding to environmental stimuli.

Question 5

According to your textbook,which view of human behavior is NOT considered a part of the psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural view is not considered a part of the psychological perspective as it focuses on how society and culture influence behavior, rather than individual psychological processes.

Question 6

Taylor believes his behavior is guided by his own self-image and that he has the power to control his own fate and reach his full potential.Taylor has adopted which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

Taylor's belief in his own ability to control his behavior and reach his potential aligns with the humanistic perspective, which emphasizes self-actualization and personal growth. This perspective emphasizes the importance of individuals' subjective experiences and focuses on their capacity to make choices and control their own fate.

Question 7

Which type of psychology focuses on our potential for optimal functioning and addresses such topics as love,happiness,creativity,well-being,self-confidence,and achievement?

Accepted Answer

Positive psychology is the type of psychology that focuses on our potential for optimal functioning and addresses topics such as love, happiness, creativity, well-being, self-confidence, and achievement. This field of psychology aims to promote positive emotions, traits, and behaviors in individuals and communities, rather than solely addressing negative aspects of the human experience.

Question 8

Which of the following perspectives in psychology takes an interactionist view of human nature and emphasizes that behavior is related to the environment within which a person is
Born,grows up,and lives from day to day?

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural perspective takes an interactionist view of human nature and emphasizes that behavior is related to the environment within which a person is born, grows up, and lives from day to day. This perspective looks at how culture, society, and social interactions influence behavior.

Question 9

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior in terms of the mental processing of information?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of mental processes such as perception, memory, and reasoning in behavior. It sees behavior in terms of the mental processing of information, including how people perceive, process, and store information, and how they make decisions based on that information.

Question 10

The study of human strengths,virtues,and optimal behavior is called __________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Positive psychology is the field that focuses on identifying and fostering human virtues, strengths, and optimal behavior. Psychodynamic psychology focuses on the unconscious mind, while sociocultural psychology examines the influence of social and cultural factors on behavior. Cognitive psychology explores mental processes such as perception, attention, and decision-making.

Question 11

A psychologist whose viewpoint is psychodynamic

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic psychology emphasizes the role of unconscious forces in shaping human behavior. This viewpoint stems from the work of Sigmund Freud, who believed that our unconscious desires, fears, and conflicts influence our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Psychodynamic psychologists use techniques like free association and dream analysis to uncover these hidden psychological processes.

Question 12

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior as being shaped and controlled by one's environment?

Accepted Answer

The behavioristic view in psychology sees behavior as being shaped and controlled by one's environment through conditioning and reinforcement. This perspective emphasizes observable behavior rather than internal mental processes.

Question 13

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Accepted Answer

The humanistic approach has a positive, philosophical view of human nature, emphasizing individual potential for growth and self-actualization.

Question 14

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic approach, rooted in Freudian theory, often views human nature as driven by unconscious desires and conflicts, which can be seen as somewhat negative or pessimistic.

Question 15

Dr.Maxwell is conducting research to determine how a person's subjective well-being is affected by his or her goals,choices,values,emotions,and personality.Dr.Maxwell's research would fit under which psychological approach?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Maxwell's focus on subjective well-being and the influence of goals, choices, values, emotions, and personality align with the principles and goals of positive psychology, which emphasizes the study of positive emotions, experiences, and traits that contribute to human happiness and flourishing.

Question 16

Latoya's mother has established a reward system in which Latoya earns one gold star for each chore she completes each day.If she earns 25 stars by the end of the week,Latoya's mother will take her to play at the "fast food restaurant's" playground for two hours.Latoya's mother is using which psychological approach?

Accepted Answer

The reward system and emphasis on specific behaviors (completing chores) align with the principles of behaviorism.

Question 17

The idea that behavior must be judged relative to the values of the culture in which it occurs is called

Accepted Answer

Cultural relativity is the idea that behavior should be evaluated based on the values of the culture in which it occurs. This means that what may be considered acceptable or normal behavior in one culture may not be in another, and that there is no universal standard for what is right or wrong, good or bad. It is important to consider cultural relativity when studying and understanding human behavior, as it helps to avoid ethnocentric biases and appreciate the diversity of cultures around the world.

Question 18

Which psychology has gained prominence in recent years as researchers have devised ways to objectively study covert behaviors,such as thinking,memory,language,problem-solving,
Consciousness,and creativity?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying mental processes such as thinking, memory, language, problem-solving, consciousness, and creativity. It has gained prominence in recent years as researchers have developed ways to objectively study covert behaviors using neuroimaging and other scientific methods.

Question 19

Which view within the psychological perspective sees behavior as the result of hidden,clashing forces within one's personality?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective, developed by Sigmund Freud, views behavior as the result of hidden, conflicting forces within one's personality, especially unconscious conflicts between primal urges and societal norms. These conflicts, such as the struggle between the id, ego, and superego, shape a person's behavior, thoughts, and emotions.

Question 20

Sandra claims that Antoine's anxiety originates from unresolved sexual conflicts residing in his unconscious.Sandra's interpretation of Antoine's condition is consistent with the __________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

Sandra's interpretation that Antoine's anxiety comes from unresolved sexual conflicts in his unconscious is consistent with the psychodynamic perspective, which focuses on the role of unconscious processes and conflicts in shaping behavior and personality.

Quiz 1: B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Which perspective focuses on subjective,conscious experience,human problems,potentials, and ideals and emphasizes one's self-image and self-actualization?

In describing how a person arrives at a decision,a psychology professor explains to his class that "the mind is very much like a computer and that decision-making involves input,processing,storage,and output." This professor is emphasizing which view of behavior?

Regarding psychology and cultural diversity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

According to your textbook,which view of human behavior is NOT considered a part of the psychological perspective?

Taylor believes his behavior is guided by his own self-image and that he has the power to control his own fate and reach his full potential.Taylor has adopted which psychological perspective?

Which type of psychology focuses on our potential for optimal functioning and addresses such topics as love,happiness,creativity,well-being,self-confidence,and achievement?

Which of the following perspectives in psychology takes an interactionist view of human nature and emphasizes that behavior is related to the environment within which a person is Born,grows up,and lives from day to day?

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior in terms of the mental processing of information?

The study of human strengths,virtues,and optimal behavior is called __________ psychology.

A psychologist whose viewpoint is psychodynamic

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior as being shaped and controlled by one's environment?

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Dr.Maxwell is conducting research to determine how a person's subjective well-being is affected by his or her goals,choices,values,emotions,and personality.Dr.Maxwell's research would fit under which psychological approach?

The idea that behavior must be judged relative to the values of the culture in which it occurs is called

Which psychology has gained prominence in recent years as researchers have devised ways to objectively study covert behaviors,such as thinking,memory,language,problem-solving, Consciousness,and creativity?

Which view within the psychological perspective sees behavior as the result of hidden,clashing forces within one's personality?

Sandra claims that Antoine's anxiety originates from unresolved sexual conflicts residing in his unconscious.Sandra's interpretation of Antoine's condition is consistent with the __________ perspective.