Question 1

Dr.Sartus is interested in how conditioning is involved in the development of superstitious behavior.Dr.Sartus' area of specialization in psychology is
A) learning.
B) sensation and perception.
C) comparative psychology.
D) biopsychology.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Sartus' research interests pertain to understanding the role of conditioning in the development of superstitious behavior, which falls under the larger domain of learning in psychology. Therefore, Dr. Sartus' area of specialization is likely learning.

Question 2

If you were interested in how the human mind is able to interpret depth and distance when looking at a painting on a flat canvas,you would be most interested in the psychological speciality area of
A) personality theory.
B) comparative psychology.
C) sensation and perception.
D) forensic psychology.

Accepted Answer

Sensation and perception is the specialty area that deals with how people interpret and make sense of information from their senses. Understanding how the mind perceives depth and distance in a two-dimensional painting would fall under this area of psychology. The other choices, personality theory, comparative psychology, and forensic psychology, do not directly relate to the perception of depth and distance.

Question 3

Quinton is studying the temperamental differences in persons exhibiting Type A and Type B behaviors.Quinton is most likely a __________ psychologist.
A) comparative
B) learning
C) personality
D) social

Accepted Answer

Quinton's focus on the temperamental differences between Type A and Type B behaviors suggests that he is studying personality, specifically the traits and characteristics associated with these two personality types. Comparative psychology focuses on the behavior and cognition of different animal species, learning psychology focuses on how learning occurs and how behavior is influenced by experience, and social psychology focuses on how social and cultural factors influence behavior and mental processes.

Question 4

Those who label themselves as "basic researchers"
A) seek information for which immediate uses are planned.
B) probably are involved in directly counseling patients in a clinic.
C) are applying psychological skills in a job situation.
D) seek knowledge for its own sake.

Accepted Answer

Basic researchers are primarily focused on seeking knowledge simply for the sake of understanding and increasing knowledge in a particular field. They are motivated by curiosity and a desire to unravel mysteries and discover new information, not by any immediate practical or applied use for the knowledge they gather.

Question 5

Dr.Galton helps people to take better charge of their own health through techniques,such as learning to do self-screenings for cancer and understanding the emotional impact of illness.Dr.Galton is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.
A) educational
B) sensation and perception
C) medical or health
D) social

Accepted Answer

Dr. Galton's work focuses on helping individuals manage their physical and emotional health, which falls under the domain of medical or health psychology. Option A (educational psychology) is not relevant to the scenario, while option B (sensation and perception) is too narrow. Option D (social psychology) does not align with Dr. Galton's specific area of expertise.

Question 6

Santarrio is conducting research to determine the colors,shapes,and sounds that newborns prefer.Santarrio's research would be considered __________ research.
A) applied
B) basic
C) archetypal
D) comparative

Accepted Answer

Santarrio's research is focused on gathering fundamental knowledge about newborns' preferences for colors, shapes, and sounds. This type of research is classified as basic research because it aims to expand our understanding of a particular phenomenon without necessarily having a direct practical application.

Question 7

Token economies within institutions that utilize tangible rewards for appropriate behaviors and a loss of privileges for inappropriate behaviors would be an important area of study for
A) comparative psychologists.
B) learning theorists.
C) biopsychologists.
D) psychologists investigating sensation and perception.

Accepted Answer

Token economies that use tangible rewards and loss of privileges are related to learning theory, specifically operant conditioning. This type of conditioning involves learning through consequences, where behaviors are reinforced or punished based on their outcomes. Therefore, token economies would be an important area of study for learning theorists.

Question 8

Manuel is a psychologist employed by the human relations department of a car manufacturer.He helps select job applicants and also helps to improve workplace conditions and work relationships so that the company can operate effectively.Manuel is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.
A) personality
B) forensic
C) educational
D) industrial-organizational

Accepted Answer

Manuel's job involves selecting job applicants and improving workplace conditions and work relationships, which are both tasks typically performed by industrial-organizational psychologists. Personality psychologists focus on studying human personality, forensic psychologists work with legal matters, and educational psychologists specialize in learning and educational settings.

Question 9

Which speciality area in psychology would be most likely to study how people interact in group settings,including such areas as interpersonal attraction,friendships,and peer influences?
A) social
B) comparative
C) community
D) environmental

Accepted Answer

The specialty area in psychology that focuses on understanding social behavior, including how people interact in group settings, interpersonal attraction, friendships, and peer influences, is known as social psychology.

Question 10

After a football game,several well-respected citizens of this town participate in tearing down the goal posts.This uncharacteristic behavior that occurs in groups would be of primary interest to __________ psychologists.
A) comparative
B) developmental
C) social
D) community

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists study how people behave and interact in social situations, including group behavior. The tearing down of the goal posts after a football game is an example of group behavior and is therefore of primary interest to social psychologists. Comparative psychologists study animal behavior, developmental psychologists focus on human development across the lifespan, and community psychologists study how individuals interact with their environment and the community as a whole.

Question 11

Basic research is best described as research done
A) to find solutions to specific problems.
B) to seek knowledge for its own sake.
C) to improve students' abilities in reading and math.
D) with lower animals to avoid ethical issues.

Accepted Answer

Basic research is research conducted to increase fundamental knowledge and understanding of a subject, without any specific problem or application in mind. Its main aim is to seek knowledge for its own sake, and not to solve any problem or find any solution.

Question 12

Dr.Ables has constructed trait profiles of individuals who show success in school and on the job.Dr.Ables is most likely a __________ psychologist.
A) cognitive
B) learning
C) perception
D) personality

Accepted Answer

Dr. Ables is constructing trait profiles, which is a key component of studying individual differences in personality. Therefore, Dr. Ables is most likely a personality psychologist.

Question 13

A characteristic feature of research carried out by social psychologists is that it
A) is concerned with the effects of age and psychological growth.
B) includes topics such as arousal, EEG, biochemistry, and neurons.
C) includes topics such as attitudes, conformity, leadership, and prejudice.
D) is concerned with the design of machines to be used by people.

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists study topics such as attitudes, conformity, leadership, and prejudice, which are all examples of social behavior and interactions. They examine how individuals interact with each other and with their environment, and how social factors influence their thoughts, feelings, and behavior. A, B, and D are not characteristic features of research carried out by social psychologists.

Question 14

If you are having a hard time housebreaking your young,healthy puppy to use the puppy pads,helpful information regarding how to reinforce your puppy would most likely come from a(n)
A) biopsychologist.
B) developmental psychologist.
C) sensation and perception theorist.
D) learning theorist.

Accepted Answer

A learning theorist would be most helpful in providing information on how to reinforce behavior in the process of housebreaking a puppy. They specialize in studying how animals and humans learn and develop associations between behaviors and consequences. They would be able to provide practical advice on using positive reinforcement techniques to encourage the desired behavior (using the puppy pads) and discourage unwanted behavior (eliminating in the wrong place).

Question 15

Which of the following involves basic research?
A) designing an easily read display screen for space capsules
B) determining the optimal rate for presenting information to a computer keyboard
C) measuring the average storage capacity of the human short-term memory system
D) measuring the average rate of dark adaptation to set night flying rules for pilots

Accepted Answer

Measuring the average storage capacity of the human short-term memory system is an example of basic research as it seeks to understand fundamental principles and processes of human cognition. Designing a display screen or determining an optimal rate for presenting information to a computer keyboard are examples of applied research, which seek to solve practical problems. Measuring the rate of dark adaptation for pilots is an example of translational research, which aims to link basic research to practical applications.

Question 16

A psychologist working in which psychological speciality might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?
A) personality
B) comparative
C) learning
D) sensation and perception

Accepted Answer

Sensation and perception is the psychological specialty that deals with the interpretation of sensory information. Recognizing someone's voice is related to auditory perception, specifically the interpretation of pitch, which falls under this specialty.

Question 17

Ami is investigating how people come to know the world through their visual ability.She is also studying how people interpret this visual information in order to recognize faces.Ami is a
__________ psychologist.
A) comparative
B) developmental
C) sensation and perception
D) learning

Accepted Answer

Ami is studying how people process visual information to make sense of the world and recognize faces, which falls under the domain of sensation and perception psychology. While comparative psychology looks at how different species learn and behave, developmental psychology focuses on how individuals develop and change over time, and learning psychology is more focused on the mechanisms of learning and memory.

Question 18

Benita is studying the different management styles of female CEOs versus male CEOs.Benita is most likely a(n)_________ psychologist.
A) comparative
B) gender
C) learning
D) developmental

Accepted Answer

Benita is specifically studying the differences between male and female CEOs, so she is likely a gender psychologist. Comparative psychology focuses on comparing behavior across different species, learning psychology focuses on the acquisition of knowledge and skills, and developmental psychology focuses on the changes that occur throughout a person's lifespan.

Question 19

Dr.Berka is studying how biology,child rearing,education,and societal stereotypes influence the differing behaviors exhibited by females and males in the workplace.Dr.Berka is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.
A) comparative
B) developmental
C) gender
D) evolutionary

Accepted Answer

Dr. Berka is studying how societal stereotypes, among other factors, influence the different behaviors exhibited by females and males in the workplace, indicating an interest in how gender impacts behavior. Therefore, Dr. Berka is most likely a gender psychologist.

Question 20

Connie's job as a psychologist involves the use of psychological testing for the vocational counseling of students as well as to detect and treat learning disabilities.Connie is most likely a __________ psychologist.
A) personality
B) comparative
C) school
D) clinical

Accepted Answer

Connie works with students in a school setting, focusing on vocational counseling and learning disabilities. Therefore, the best choice for her psychology specialty is school psychology. Personality psychology (A) focuses on understanding individual differences in personality, comparative psychology (B) compares behavior and mental processes across different species, and clinical psychology (D) typically involves the assessment and treatment of individuals with mental health disorders.

Quiz 1: B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Dr.Sartus is interested in how conditioning is involved in the development of superstitious behavior.Dr.Sartus' area of specialization in psychology is

If you were interested in how the human mind is able to interpret depth and distance when looking at a painting on a flat canvas,you would be most interested in the psychological speciality area of

Quinton is studying the temperamental differences in persons exhibiting Type A and Type B behaviors.Quinton is most likely a __________ psychologist.

Those who label themselves as "basic researchers"

Dr.Galton helps people to take better charge of their own health through techniques,such as learning to do self-screenings for cancer and understanding the emotional impact of illness.Dr.Galton is most likely a(n) __________ psychologist.

Santarrio is conducting research to determine the colors,shapes,and sounds that newborns prefer.Santarrio's research would be considered __________ research.

Token economies within institutions that utilize tangible rewards for appropriate behaviors and a loss of privileges for inappropriate behaviors would be an important area of study for

Manuel is a psychologist employed by the human relations department of a car manufacturer.He helps select job applicants and also helps to improve workplace conditions and work relationships so that the company can operate effectively.Manuel is most likely a(n) __________ psychologist.

Which speciality area in psychology would be most likely to study how people interact in group settings,including such areas as interpersonal attraction,friendships,and peer influences?

After a football game,several well-respected citizens of this town participate in tearing down the goal posts.This uncharacteristic behavior that occurs in groups would be of primary interest to __________ psychologists.

Basic research is best described as research done

Dr.Ables has constructed trait profiles of individuals who show success in school and on the job.Dr.Ables is most likely a __________ psychologist.

A characteristic feature of research carried out by social psychologists is that it

If you are having a hard time housebreaking your young,healthy puppy to use the puppy pads,helpful information regarding how to reinforce your puppy would most likely come from a(n)

Which of the following involves basic research?

A psychologist working in which psychological speciality might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?

Ami is investigating how people come to know the world through their visual ability.She is also studying how people interpret this visual information in order to recognize faces.Ami is a __________ psychologist.

Benita is studying the different management styles of female CEOs versus male CEOs.Benita is most likely a(n) _________ psychologist.

Dr.Berka is studying how biology,child rearing,education,and societal stereotypes influence the differing behaviors exhibited by females and males in the workplace.Dr.Berka is most likely a(n) __________ psychologist.

Connie's job as a psychologist involves the use of psychological testing for the vocational counseling of students as well as to detect and treat learning disabilities.Connie is most likely a __________ psychologist.