Question 1

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies,where a few people control the labor of many,the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination among categories of people (for example,owner-worker and employer-employee).
A) Premodern
B) Symbolic interactionist
C) Functionalist
D) Conflict

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists focus on how power and dominance in social relationships shape the structure of society. In a capitalistic society, the relationship between the few who control the means of production and the many who sell their labor for wages is seen as a relationship of domination and exploitation. Conflict theorists argue that this creates social inequalities and perpetuates power imbalances between different categories of people.

Question 2

__________ is the complex framework of societal institutions (such as the economy,politics,and religion) and the social practices (such as rules and social roles) that make up a society and that organize and establish limits on people's behavior.
A) Social interaction
B) Structurally patterned behavior
C) Social structure
D) Group interaction

Accepted Answer

Social structure refers to the complex framework of societal institutions and social practices that organize and establish limits on people's behavior. Social interaction (A) and group interaction (D) are more focused on the individual level, while structurally patterned behavior (B) is a narrower concept that refers specifically to patterns of behavior that are repeated over time.

Question 3

Anna is a female born to Mexican American parents; she was assigned these positions at birth.She is an adult and,if she lives long enough,will someday become an "older adult," which is a(n) __________ status received involuntarily later in life.
A) societal
B) ascribed
C) socioeconomic
D) achieved

Accepted Answer

Ascribed status is a social position that a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life based on characteristics such as sex, age, race, or family background. In this case, Anna's gender and ethnicity were assigned to her at birth, making them ascribed statuses. Becoming an older adult is also an ascribed status because it is a result of the natural process of aging and cannot be achieved through individual effort.

Question 4

In a capitalistic society,social structure helps create a system of domination and subordination that affects certain categories of people,including owners and workers,landlords and tenants,and rich celebrities and poor "nobodies." This view would be representative of which perspective?
A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) postmodern

Accepted Answer

The perspective that highlights the inequalities and power struggles that arise in capitalist societies is the conflict perspective. This perspective views the social structure as contributing to the dominance of certain groups over others, leading to inequality and social unrest.

Question 5

__________ theorists emphasize that social structure is essential because it creates order and predictability in a society.Social structure is also important for our human development.
A) Functionalist
B) Conflict
C) Symbolic interactionist
D) Premodern

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theorists emphasize the importance of social structure in creating order and predictability in society. They argue that social structure is necessary for the smooth functioning of society and for the development of individuals within it.

Question 6

Social structure is essential for the survival for society and for the well-being of individuals because it provides a social web of familial support and social relationships that connects each of us to the larger society.What group has lost this vital link?
A) homeless
B) divorced females
C) families without children
D) single African American males

Accepted Answer

Homeless individuals have lost this vital link to social structure as they do not have a permanent home or familial support system. They often lack stable relationships and may struggle to access essential resources and services.

Question 7

__________ statuses (such as occupation,education,and income) are thought to be gained as a result of personal ability or successful competition.Most occupational positions in modern societies are these types of statuses.
A) Socioeconomic
B) Ascribed
C) Valued
D) Achieved

Accepted Answer

Achieved statuses are gained through personal ability or competition, which fits the description given in the statement. Ascribed statuses, on the other hand, are assigned at birth or based on characteristics outside of an individual's control. Valued status is not a specific type of status, and socioeconomic status refers to a combination of education, income, and occupation (which is an achieved status).

Question 8

Sociologist Robert Park coined the term __________ to refer to persons (such as immigrants) who simultaneously share the life and traditions of two distinct groups.It is the state of being part insider and part outsider in the social structure.
A) alienation
B) stigmatization
C) social marginality
D) anomie

Accepted Answer

The term coined by sociologist Robert Park to refer to persons (such as immigrants) who simultaneously share the life and traditions of two distinct groups is social marginality. This refers to the state of being part insider and part outsider in the social structure. Alienation refers to a feeling of disconnectedness or powerlessness that people experience due to a lack of connection with society or a particular group. Stigmatization refers to the process of being marked or labeled as deviant or abnormal because of certain characteristics or behaviors. Anomie refers to a state of normlessness or confusion that results from a breakdown in social norms and values. Thus, the correct answer is C.

Question 9

__________ is/are the process(es) by which people act toward or respond to other people,and also is/are the foundation(s) for all relationships and groups in society.
A) Response patterns
B) Social interaction
C) Psychological behavior
D) Structurally patterned behavior

Accepted Answer

Social interaction is the process by which individuals act toward or respond to other people. It is the foundation for all relationships and groups in society. Through social interaction, people develop and maintain relationships, establish social norms and expectations, and create and maintain social structures. Without social interaction, society would cease to function as a cohesive unit. The other options, response patterns, psychological behavior, and structurally patterned behavior, may be related to social interaction, but do not fully capture the breadth and depth of this essential process.

Question 10

Statuses are distinguished by the manner in which we acquire them.A(n) __________ status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life,based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control,such as race/ethnicity,age,and gender.
A) achieved
B) socioeconomic
C) ascribed
D) occupational

Accepted Answer

Ascribed statuses are those that are assigned to individuals based on factors such as race, age, and gender, which they have no control over. This is in contrast to achieved statuses, which are earned through an individual's own efforts and abilities. Socioeconomic and occupational statuses are examples of achieved statuses.

Question 11

A convicted criminal,wearing a prison uniform,is an example of a person who has been __________; the uniform says that the person has done something wrong and should not be allowed unsupervised outside the prison walls.
A) alienated
B) marginalized
C) dislabeled
D) stigmatized

Accepted Answer

The term "stigmatized" refers to a person who has been marked as guilty or not worthy of trust, and wearing a prison uniform is an obvious example of this type of stigma. The other answer options do not accurately describe the situation presented.

Question 12

A(n) __________ is any physical or social attribute or sign that so devalues a person's social identity that it disqualifies that person from full social acceptance.
A) deviant quality
B) stigma
C) anomic identity
D) label

Accepted Answer

A stigma is a quality or attribute that devalues an individual and makes them socially unacceptable. It can be physical, such as a disability, or social, such as being a member of a stigmatized group. This concept was first introduced by Erving Goffman in his book Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity.

Question 13

A(n) __________ status is a social position a person assumes voluntarily as a result of personal choice,merit,or direct effort.
A) achieved
B) socioeconomic
C) ascribed
D) valued

Accepted Answer

Achieved status is based on personal choice, merit, or direct effort. It is in contrast to ascribed status, which is a social position assigned to a person based on factors such as birth or family background. Socioeconomic status and valued status are not accurate choices to complete the sentence.

Question 14

Social structure provides us with the ability to develop a self-concept as we learn attitudes,values,and behaviors of the people around us.When these attitudes and values are part of a predictable structure,it is easier for us to develop a positive self-concept.This exemplifies which theoretical perspective?
A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) postmodern

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social structure provides us with the ability...

Question 15

Historically,the most common master statuses for women have been related to positions in:
A) the economic sector
B) the family
C) the world of politics
D) philosophy

Accepted Answer

Historically, the most common master status for women has been related to their position in the family, as wives and mothers. While women have made strides in other areas such as the economic sector and politics, the societal expectation and assumption that women will bear and care for children have resulted in the family being the most prevalent master status for women.

Question 16

At the __________,the social structure of a society has several essential elements: social institutions,groups,statuses,roles,and norms.
A) mesolevel
B) macrolevel
C) ecolevel
D) microlevel

Accepted Answer

The macrolevel refers to the broader, societal level of analysis, which includes social institutions, groups, statuses, roles, and norms. The other answer choices do not accurately describe this level of analysis.

Question 17

Joe is a student,a father,a son,a husband,a Baptist,and a Scout leader.All of these socially defined positions constitute a:
A) status set
B) role identity
C) socioeconomic position
D) role diagram

Accepted Answer

A status set refers to all the socially defined positions an individual occupies, such as being a student, father, son, husband, Baptist, and Scout leader. A role identity refers to the various roles or behaviors associated with each of these positions. Socioeconomic position refers specifically to an individual's economic and social standing in society, while a role diagram is a visual representation of the various roles and relationships in a particular social setting.

Question 18

To determine who you are,you must think about your social identity,which is derived from the statuses you occupy.A(n) __________ is comprised of all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time.
A) status set
B) identity
C) role diagram
D) occupational grouping

Accepted Answer

A status set is comprised of all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time. This includes their occupational status, family status, and social status. By examining a person's status set, we can better understand their social identity and how they fit into society.

Question 19

According to sociologist Everett Hughes,a(n) __________ status is the most important status a person occupies; it dominates all of the individual's other statuses and is the overriding ingredient in determining a person's general social position.
A) occupational
B) master
C) achieved
D) ascribed

Accepted Answer

According to Everett Hughes, a master status is the most important status a person occupies. It dominates all of the individual's other statuses and is the overriding ingredient in determining a person's general social position. A master status can be either achieved or ascribed, but it is the one that has the most significance in an individual's life. Occupational status and achieved status are important, but they do not necessarily dominate all other statuses. Ascribed status refers to a status that an individual is born into, which may or may not be significant in determining their social position.

Question 20

A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations,rights,and duties; it exists independently of the specific people occupying them.
A) role
B) label
C) status
D) class

Accepted Answer

A status is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties. While roles are also socially defined positions, they are specific to certain people occupying them, and labels and classes do not necessarily come with specific expectations, rights, and duties.

Quiz 5: Society,Social Structure,and Interaction

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies,where a few people control the labor of many,the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination among categories of people (for example,owner-worker and employer-employee) .

__________ is the complex framework of societal institutions (such as the economy,politics,and religion) and the social practices (such as rules and social roles) that make up a society and that organize and establish limits on people's behavior.

Anna is a female born to Mexican American parents; she was assigned these positions at birth.She is an adult and,if she lives long enough,will someday become an "older adult," which is a(n) __________ status received involuntarily later in life.

In a capitalistic society,social structure helps create a system of domination and subordination that affects certain categories of people,including owners and workers,landlords and tenants,and rich celebrities and poor "nobodies." This view would be representative of which perspective?

__________ theorists emphasize that social structure is essential because it creates order and predictability in a society.Social structure is also important for our human development.

Social structure is essential for the survival for society and for the well-being of individuals because it provides a social web of familial support and social relationships that connects each of us to the larger society.What group has lost this vital link?

__________ statuses (such as occupation,education,and income) are thought to be gained as a result of personal ability or successful competition.Most occupational positions in modern societies are these types of statuses.

Sociologist Robert Park coined the term __________ to refer to persons (such as immigrants) who simultaneously share the life and traditions of two distinct groups.It is the state of being part insider and part outsider in the social structure.

__________ is/are the process(es) by which people act toward or respond to other people,and also is/are the foundation(s) for all relationships and groups in society.

Statuses are distinguished by the manner in which we acquire them.A(n) __________ status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life,based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control,such as race/ethnicity,age,and gender.

A convicted criminal,wearing a prison uniform,is an example of a person who has been __________; the uniform says that the person has done something wrong and should not be allowed unsupervised outside the prison walls.

A(n) __________ is any physical or social attribute or sign that so devalues a person's social identity that it disqualifies that person from full social acceptance.

A(n) __________ status is a social position a person assumes voluntarily as a result of personal choice,merit,or direct effort.

Historically,the most common master statuses for women have been related to positions in:

At the __________,the social structure of a society has several essential elements: social institutions,groups,statuses,roles,and norms.

Joe is a student,a father,a son,a husband,a Baptist,and a Scout leader.All of these socially defined positions constitute a:

To determine who you are,you must think about your social identity,which is derived from the statuses you occupy.A(n) __________ is comprised of all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time.

According to sociologist Everett Hughes,a(n) __________ status is the most important status a person occupies; it dominates all of the individual's other statuses and is the overriding ingredient in determining a person's general social position.

A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations,rights,and duties; it exists independently of the specific people occupying them.