Question 1

Which part of the mind engages in unconscious activity?
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) All of these

Accepted Answer

All of these parts of the mind engage in unconscious activity according to Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The id operates on the pleasure principle, the ego on the reality principle, and the superego incorporates the moral standards of society. Each has aspects that work unconsciously.

Question 2

Planning and decision making is carried out by the:
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) Preconscious

Accepted Answer

Planning and decision making is carried out by the ego, which acts as the mediator between the impulsive demands of the id and the moral constraints of the superego. The preconscious is an area of the mind where thoughts and memories are not currently in conscious awareness, but can be retrieved with some effort.

Question 3

Beatrice is a therapist who believes that it is essential to focus on the demands that people feel they absolutely must attain or should be attained. Beatrice most likely practices:
A) Interpersonal therapy
B) Cognitive-behaviour therapy
C) Emotion-focused therapy
D) Rational-emotive behaviour therapy

Accepted Answer

Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT), developed by Albert Ellis, emphasizes the role of rational thinking and the confrontation of irrational beliefs, such as the idea that there are certain demands that people absolutely must attain. Beatrice's focus on these demands aligns with the REBT approach, which seeks to challenge and change these irrational beliefs.

Question 4

According to Freud's theory, the superego develops from the:
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Emergence of defense mechanisms
D) Conflicts in one's childhood

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Freud's theory, the superego develops...

Question 5

While studying for an exam, Paul worked for 15 minutes before becoming tired. He decided that it would be better to work for another 30 minutes before taking a break. His behaviour is being guided by which part of his mind?
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) Conscience

Accepted Answer

Paul's decision to work for an additional 30 minutes before taking a break suggests that he is using his ego. The ego helps to balance the demands of the id (instant gratification) and the superego (internalized moral standards), and make rational decisions based on reality. Paul recognized his need for a break but also wanted to make progress in his studying, so he compromised with himself and decided to work for a little bit longer before taking a break.

Question 6

The REBT approach, advocated and developed by Albert Ellis, attributes psychopathology to:
A) Early learning experiences
B) Irrational beliefs
C) Repressed memories
D) Fixed action patterns

Accepted Answer

The answer of The REBT approach, advocated and developed by...

Question 7

Secondary process thinking refers to:
A) Methods employed by the superego to accomplish moral standards
B) Strategies developed by the id to gain immediate gratification
C) Decision making procedures inherent to ego functioning
D) Strategies for accomplishing proximal gratification used by the ego

Accepted Answer

Secondary process thinking refers to the decision making procedures inherent to ego functioning. It involves planning, weighing consequences, and considering reality to achieve long-term gratification rather than immediate satisfaction. Both options A and B refer to primitive processes associated with the id and superego, respectively. Option D refers specifically to strategies for immediately satisfying urges or desires, rather than considering consequences.

Question 8

Which psychologist developed the psychotherapeutic procedures termed cognitive-behaviour modification?
A) Walters
B) Meichenbaum
C) Bandura
D) Antony

Accepted Answer

The psychologist who developed the psychotherapeutic procedures termed cognitive-behaviour modification is Donald Meichenbaum.

Question 9

Lou is in physics class and begins to feel disinterested. He then thinks about his girlfriend and their plans for that weekend. This is an illustration of:
A) Libidinal activity
B) Identification formation
C) Ego activity
D) Primary process thinking

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lou is in physics class and begins...

Question 10

The psychoanalytic paradigm rests upon the assumption that psychopathology is the result of:
A) Incomplete superego development
B) Unconscious conflicts
C) Ego defense mechanisms
D) Overcontrol of the pleasure principle

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic paradigm is based on the idea that psychopathology is caused by unconscious conflicts between different parts of the mind, such as the id (the source of our basic drives and impulses), ego (the part of the mind that mediates between the id and the external world), and superego (the part of the mind that represents our moral and ethical standards). These conflicts can result in symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and other forms of psychological distress.

Question 11

Meichenbaum's more recent work has been described as:
A) Constructivist
B) Psychodynamic
C) Humanistic
D) Cognitive-behavioural

Accepted Answer

Meichenbaum's more recent work is described as constructivist, focusing on how individuals construct meaning and understanding from their experiences.

Question 12

Psychoanalysis was developed by:
A) Joseph Breuer
B) Carl Jung
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Karen Horney

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis was first developed by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While Joseph Breuer was a close collaborator and helped develop some key ideas of psychoanalysis, it is Freud who is credited with formally creating the field. Carl Jung and Karen Horney were both important figures in the history of psychology as well, but they developed their own unique approaches rather than following Freudian psychoanalysis.

Question 13

Primary process thinking, in Freudian theory, refers to:
A) Logical planning and decision making
B) Fantasizing about what is desired
C) Reflexes that result in immediate gratification
D) Moral dilemma resolution

Accepted Answer

Primary process thinking, according to Freudian theory, refers to the mental processes associated with the id (the most primitive part of the psyche) that operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of desires. This includes fantasizing about what is desired, rather than logical planning and decision making or moral dilemma resolution.

Question 14

The ego operates according to the _________________ principle and uses ________________ process thinking to meet its needs.
A) reality; secondary
B) reality; primary
C) pleasure; primary
D) pleasure; secondary

Accepted Answer

The ego operates according to the reality principle, which means it tries to meet its needs in ways that are practical and realistic. It uses secondary process thinking, which involves rational and logical thought, to navigate the real world and find solutions to problems. The pleasure principle, on the other hand, is characteristic of the id, which seeks immediate gratification of its desires, and primary process thinking, which is more irrational and fantasy-driven.

Question 15

The id, ego, and superego are:
A) Structures of mind
B) Orders in a developmental sequence
C) Biological drives
D) Brain structures

Accepted Answer

The id, ego, and superego are structures of the mind according to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The id represents our primal, unconscious drives and desires, the ego is the conscious mediator between the id and the external world, and the superego is the internalized moral and ethical standards of society.

Question 16

In the CBT therapy developed by Aaron Beck, the general goal of therapy is to alter:
A) Behaviours
B) Emotions
C) Cognitions
D) Affects

Accepted Answer

In CBT therapy developed by Aaron Beck, the goal is to alter a person's negative and maladaptive cognitions, which are believed to influence their emotions and behaviors. Therefore, the best choice is Cognitions.

Question 17

When Sid was studying for an exam, he suddenly realized that his favourite television show was on. He stopped his work and hurried to watch. His behaviour is being guided by which part of his personality?
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) Ego defence

Accepted Answer

Sid's behaviour is being guided by the Id, which is the part of the personality that is driven by instinctual and primitive urges, such as the desire for pleasure and avoidance of pain. In this case, his desire to watch his favourite show overrode his need to study for his exam, which is a more socially acceptable and responsible behaviour guided by the Ego or Superego.

Question 18

The founder of rational-emotive behaviour therapy is:
A) Albert Ellis
B) Aaron Beck
C) Martin Seligman
D) John Watson

Accepted Answer

The founder of rational-emotive behaviour therapy is Albert Ellis.

Question 19

The basic energy source for the psyche is the:
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) Cathexes

Accepted Answer

The Id is the unconscious and instinctual part of the psyche, which is driven solely by the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of its needs and desires. This instinctual energy is the basic energy source for the psyche.

Question 20

When you feel hungry and immediately seek out food, this is an example of
A) Superego
B) Ego
C) Id
D) Cathexis

Accepted Answer

The id is the part of the psyche that is responsible for instinctual drives and impulses, which includes the sensation of hunger. Seeking out food is a reflexive response to this biological need, and it originates from the id.

Quiz 2: Current Paradigms and Integrative Approaches

Which part of the mind engages in unconscious activity?

Planning and decision making is carried out by the:

Beatrice is a therapist who believes that it is essential to focus on the demands that people feel they absolutely must attain or should be attained. Beatrice most likely practices:

According to Freud's theory, the superego develops from the:

While studying for an exam, Paul worked for 15 minutes before becoming tired. He decided that it would be better to work for another 30 minutes before taking a break. His behaviour is being guided by which part of his mind?

The REBT approach, advocated and developed by Albert Ellis, attributes psychopathology to:

Secondary process thinking refers to:

Which psychologist developed the psychotherapeutic procedures termed cognitive-behaviour modification?

Lou is in physics class and begins to feel disinterested. He then thinks about his girlfriend and their plans for that weekend. This is an illustration of:

The psychoanalytic paradigm rests upon the assumption that psychopathology is the result of:

Meichenbaum's more recent work has been described as:

Psychoanalysis was developed by:

Primary process thinking, in Freudian theory, refers to:

The ego operates according to the _ principle and uses process thinking to meet its needs.

The id, ego, and superego are:

In the CBT therapy developed by Aaron Beck, the general goal of therapy is to alter:

When Sid was studying for an exam, he suddenly realized that his favourite television show was on. He stopped his work and hurried to watch. His behaviour is being guided by which part of his personality?

The founder of rational-emotive behaviour therapy is:

The basic energy source for the psyche is the:

When you feel hungry and immediately seek out food, this is an example of