Question 1

Alfonso is a college student who is planning a visit to the counseling center. Consistent with research findings about the range of problems for which college students seek counseling, it is MOST likely the case that Alfonso is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that the most common reasons college students seek counseling are anxiety and depression. These mental health issues have been on the rise among college populations, often due to academic pressures, life transitions, and other stressors typical of the college experience.

Question 2

Genuineness is BEST reflected by:

Accepted Answer

Genuineness in psychology and communication refers to being authentic and true to oneself, which is best reflected by congruence. Congruence means that one's inner feelings and thoughts are consistent with their outer expressions and behaviors, showcasing authenticity.

Question 3

Dr. Chan teaches a class about types of psychotherapies, where she presented a case study of a child who developed a phobia of clowns. The therapist in the case study gradually exposed the child to an anxiety hierarchy of situations involving clowns while the child was in a relaxed state. Eventually, clowns no longer caused fear in the child. The therapist in the case study was MOST likely using:

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization involves gradually exposing a person to an anxiety-producing object or situation while the person is in a relaxed state, which is exactly what was described in the case study. This technique is often used to treat phobias.

Question 4

The treatments for psychological disorders prior to the mid-1700s did NOT include:

Accepted Answer

Lobotomies were not introduced as a treatment for psychological disorders until the 20th century, specifically in the 1930s. Prior to the mid-1700s, treatments included bloodletting, trepanation (cutting holes in the skull), and imprisonment under poor conditions, but not lobotomies.

Question 5

One step of the ABCDE model of therapy involves determining a client's thoughts or cognitions about an adverse situation. In this step, the client's _____ are identified.

Accepted Answer

Beliefs are identified in this step as they represent the client's thoughts or cognitions about the situation, which is a central aspect of the ABCDE model of cognitive therapy.

Question 6

Nora, her brother Mateo, and her grandmother Mabel are seeing Dr. Wilson for therapy. Dr. Wilson focuses on how Nora, Mateo, and Mabel interact with one another to understand the problems each of them is experiencing. Dr. Wilson is MOST likely conducting:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Wilson is conducting family therapy, which focuses on treating the family system rather than individuals in isolation. This approach emphasizes the relationships and dynamics within the family to address and improve the mental health of its members.

Question 7

Tyler wants to ask out his friend Jenna but will not because he is afraid that Jenna will say no, and in Tyler's mind, that would be the end of the world! Tyler is demonstrating the cognitive distortion called:

Accepted Answer

Tyler is demonstrating catastrophizing because he is assuming that if Jenna says no, it would be the worst possible outcome, which is an example of exaggerating the negative consequences of an event.

Question 8

Carrie and Bill decided to see a movie. When they got to the theater, the movie was sold out. Carrie became very upset, telling Bill that it was her fault they wasted their time and that she should have known the movie would be sold out. Even though Bill assured Carrie she did nothing wrong, Carrie continued to blame herself. The cognitive distortion Carrie is MOST demonstrating is called:

Accepted Answer

Carrie is demonstrating personalization, a cognitive distortion where an individual blames themselves for events outside their control, believing that what happens is their fault, even when it is not directly related to their actions.

Question 9

Dr. Thompson is a therapist focusing on substance abuse issues. Dr. Thompson typically conducts therapy with several people at once who suffer from these issues. Dr. Thompson gives feedback to his clients and they also give feedback to one another. Dr. Thompson is MOST likely conducting _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Thompson is conducting group therapy, as indicated by the therapy being conducted with several people at once, where feedback is shared among the clients and from the therapist. This is a hallmark of group therapy, where individuals can benefit from the shared experiences and support of others facing similar issues.

Question 10

Psychotherapy is BEST described as a treatment in which mental health professionals _____ to help them overcome a psychological disorder or improve emotional, cognitive, or behavioral functioning.

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy involves mental health professionals using various techniques, such as talk therapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy, to help individuals overcome psychological disorders or improve their mental health, without the use of surgery, medication, or electrical brain stimulation.

Question 11

Dr. Klymchuk is a therapist who believes that her job is to identify clients' own reasons for wanting to change their behaviors and helping them to do so. Dr. Klymchuk MOST likely practices:

Accepted Answer

Motivational interviewing focuses on exploring and resolving ambivalence and centers on helping clients to find their own motivations for change. Dr. Klymchuk's approach aligns with this method, as it emphasizes identifying clients' reasons for wanting to change and supporting them in this process.

Question 12

In _____ therapy, therapists focus on clients' outward behaviors, whereas in _____ therapy, therapists focus on how clients think about life events.

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through conditioning techniques, while cognitive therapy targets changing unhelpful thought patterns that influence emotions and behaviors.

Question 13

Wayne is seeing a therapist to help overcome his gambling addiction problem. The therapist Wayne is seeing explained to him that an important part of therapy is to understand the reasons clients have to change their behaviors. Wayne appreciates the therapist's belief that a client's need to change should come from the client, rather than the therapist. Wayne's therapist is MOST likely practicing:

Accepted Answer

Motivational interviewing focuses on exploring and resolving ambivalence and centers on the client's reasons for change within an atmosphere of acceptance and compassion. This approach emphasizes that the motivation to change should be elicited from the client, rather than being imposed by the therapist, which aligns with the description provided.

Question 14

Dr. Dubiel is a therapist who specializes in treating anxiety disorders. Dr. Dubiel believes that her clients can combat their anxiety disorders by changing the way they think about their life events. Dr. Dubiel is MOST likely a _____ therapist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Dubiel's approach, focusing on changing the way clients think about their life events to combat anxiety, aligns with cognitive therapy. Cognitive therapy emphasizes identifying and changing distorted thinking patterns, beliefs, and attitudes.

Question 15

In cognitive-behavioral therapy, therapists:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In cognitive-behavioral therapy, therapists:
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Question 16

_____ is a cognitive distortion in which a client mistakenly evaluates events as either absolutely flawless or absolutely awful, with no middle ground in between.

Accepted Answer

All-or-none thinking, also known as black-and-white thinking, is a cognitive distortion where individuals see things in binary categories (perfect or terrible) without recognizing the spectrum in between. This leads to a distorted view of reality, where nuances and complexities are overlooked.

Question 17

One major benefit of telepsychology is that it:

Accepted Answer

Telepsychology increases access to therapists by removing geographical barriers, allowing individuals to connect with specialists who may not be available locally.

Question 18

In one of his psychology classes, Adrian learned about a type of therapy in which classical conditioning and operant conditioning are used to change a person's outward behavior. This therapy places little or no emphasis on the mental processes affecting that behavior. The type of therapy Adrian MOST likely learned about was _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through classical and operant conditioning techniques, without emphasizing the underlying psychological processes.

Question 19

"Go do something fun and enjoyable!" This advice would MOST likely be given by a therapist who is applying the technique of:

Accepted Answer

Behavioral activation is a technique used in cognitive-behavioral therapy that encourages individuals to engage in enjoyable activities or tasks that they have been avoiding. The goal is to improve mood and reduce depression by increasing positive experiences.

Question 20

_____ medications work quickly to reduce symptoms of worry or nervousness.

Accepted Answer

Antianxiety medications are specifically designed to treat symptoms of anxiety, including worry and nervousness, and they typically work quickly to alleviate these symptoms.

Quiz 15: Therapy