Quiz : 3 the Remarkable Body

The body's saliva is strongly acidic.

The body stores some nutrients in much smaller quantities than other nutrients.

Body fluids provide tissues with a continuous supply of energy, oxygen, and nutrients, including water.

Cells form tissues that perform specialized tasks. Tissues are grouped together to form whole organs.

Alcohol needs assistance from digestive juices to ready it for absorption.

Timing of meals is important because the digestive tract is unable to digest food at certain times.

Which of the following body components determines the nature of the cell's work? A)genes B)enzymes C)red blood cells D)organs

Which term refers to the part of the brain that senses a variety of conditions in the blood, such as glucose content and salt content? A)cerebrum B)pituitary gland C)hypothalamus D)frontal lobe

On average, how often do the cells lining the digestive tract replace themselves? A)every 3 days B)every 2 weeks C)every 4 months D)every 12 months

What is the name of the disease in which the body's helper T-cells are attacked and destroyed? A)cystic fibrosis B)AIDS C)muscular dystrophy D)diabetes

Which of the following coordinates the nervous system's role in hunger regulation? A)liver B)pancreas C)spinal cord D)brain

Which organ makes most of the body's alcohol-processing machinery? A)brain B)stomach C)pancreas D)liver

Which of the following fluids moves from the bloodstream into tissue spaces? A)blood B)lymph C)plasma D)intracellular fluid

Which medical condition could be suspected for an individual who reports regularly consuming large amounts of alcohol, has inadequate food intake, and shows signs of poor muscle coordination, paralysis of the eye muscles, and damaged nerves? A)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome B)osteoporosis C)heart disease D)stomach ulcer

Which vitamin is most dramatically affected by excess alcohol in the body? A)vitamin A B)folate C)thiamine D)vitamin B₆

Which organ chemically alters absorbed materials to make them better suited for use by other tissues? A)gallbladder B)small intestine C)kidneys D)liver

In cases of severe undernutrition of energy and nutrients, how does the absorptive surface of the small intestine respond? A)It expands in length. B)It becomes more efficient at its job. C)It shrinks in size. D)It remains unchanged.

How does alcohol affect body functions? A)strengthens the body's defences against infection B)slows down the synthesis of fatty acids C)alters amino acid metabolism D)decreases urine output

The stomach's main function is the digestion of what nutrient or nonnutrient? A)carbohydrate B)fat C)fibre D)protein

The body is able to store infinite amounts of which nutrient? A)fat B)water C)protein D)glycogen

Which hormone is released by the pancreas in response to a high concentration of blood sugar (glucose)? A)insulin B)ghrelin C)glucagon D)epinephrine

What is the primary task of the colon during digestion and absorption of food? A)reabsorption of water B)neutralizing stomach acid C)absorption of vitamins D)breakdown of proteins

How long does it take for the liver's glycogen supply to be depleted if it is not replenished by food? A)1-3 hours B)3-6 hours C)6-9 hours D)9-12 hours

Which compound is released in an effort to neutralize the acidic contents of the stomach before entering the small intestine? A)bile B)chyme C)gastric juice D)bicarbonate

You have just consumed a meal very high in fat. As a result, hormones cause the release of what substance into the small intestine? A)bile B)hydrochloric acid C)mucus D)bicarbonate

What is the name for the hormone released by the small intestine and which signals the pancreas to release pancreatic fluid for the digestion process? A)pepsin B)proteases C)secretin D)cholecystokinin

Which term refers to the burning sensation in the chest area caused by backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus? A)hernia B)hiccups C)ulcer D)heartburn

Which hormone is thought to be a "hunger hormone"? A)secretin B)gastrin C)ghrelin D)glucagon

What will restore sobriety in someone who has been drinking alcohol? A)drinking coffee B)eating food C)walking D)passing of time

Which term refers to proteins made by the immune system that combine with and inactivate specific antigens? A)phagocytes B)helper T-cells C)antibodies D)microbes

Which cells release antibodies into the bloodstream to fight infection? A)helper T-cells B)T-cells C)A-cells D)B-cells

Human taste buds have an inborn aversion for which of the following food items? A)pears B)pudding C)broccoli D)fruit juice

Which situation is most likely to make a person intoxicated almost immediately when drinking alcoholic beverages? A)when drinks are mixed with very little water B)when carbohydrate snacks are consumed at the same time C)when drinks are consumed quickly D)when the stomach is empty

Which body change occurs as part of the stress response? A)liver releases glucose from its stores B)muscles relax C)digestive system slows down D)blood pressure decreases

What function does the pancreas perform? A)manufactures enzymes to digest all energy-yielding nutrients B)adds acid and fluid to the large intestine C)reabsorbs water and minerals D)conducts bile to the small intestine

Which of the following advice about reducing intestinal gas is most accurate? A)Rinse canned beans before consuming them. B)Chew gum between meals. C)Suck on hard candies after eating a fatty meal. D)Increase consumption of carbonated beverages.

What is the major site of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients? A)mouth B)small intestine C)large intestine D)stomach

Which of the following poses a formidable obstacle to a successful organ transplant? A)antibodies B)T-cells C)B-cells D)phagocytes

Which term refers to the muscle that is responsible for controlling the release of partly digested food into the small intestine? A)esophageal sphincter B)intestinal valve C)pyloric valve D)colon valve

Which of the following descriptions best represents cells? A)speed up chemical reactions B)building blocks of the body C)vital components of foods D)self-contained living entities

Along with oxygen, what is one of the cells' most basic needs? A)alcohol B)energy C)proteins D)fats

Which terms refer to the hormone and the organ that respond to a drop in blood glucose levels in the body? A)glycogen and liver B)insulin and liver C)glucagon and pancreas D)thyroxin and thyroid

What should you do to alleviate heartburn? A)drink liquids during meals B)wear tight fitting clothing C)eat smaller meals D)lie down after meals

In what part of the body does chemical digestion begin? A)stomach B)mouth C)liver D)small intestine

What are the recommended limits for the consumption of alcohol for the average-sized healthy woman? A)3 drinks per day B)4 drinks on any occasion C)10 drinks per week D)15 drinks per month

What do cells release as a waste product from the burning of oxygen and nutrients? A)water B)glycogen C)amino acids D)carbon dioxide

Which type of cells are unable to reproduce and are lost forever if damaged by injury or disease? A)red blood cells B)muscle cells C)brain cells D)skin cells

Which recommendation would assist most with the long-term alleviation of constipation? A)Take a laxative. B)Drink enough water. C)Limit physical activity. D)Consume foods with starch.

Why might a person be able to eat when hunger sensation is absent? A)The stomach intensifies its contractions and creates hunger pangs. B)The conscious mind of the cortex can override body signals. C)The digestive tract sends messages to the hypothalamus. D)The hypothalamus anticipates the availability of nutrients.

What is the major role of the process known as peristalsis? A)making chyme B)pushing food through the digestive tract C)helping nutrients pass into the lymph system D)reabsorbing water

Which of the following foods do you need to consume in intervals throughout the day because of the liver's storage capacity? A)fat-containing foods B)mineral-rich foods C)vitamin-rich foods D)carbohydrate-containing foods

The lymphatic vessels are initially responsible for transporting which of the following products of digestion? A)fat B)protein C)minerals D)carbohydrate

Which of the following is considered one alcoholic drink? A)50 mL (2 oz) shot glass of vodka B)142 mL (5 oz) glass of wine C)250 mL (4 oz) can of beer D)500 mL (8 oz) bottle of wine cooler

What is the percentage of alcohol in 90 proof liquor? A)10 B)45 C)63 D)90

Which cells are the first to defend the body tissues against invaders? A)phagocytes B)T-cells C)lymphocytes D)B-cells

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -stomach

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -gallbladder

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -small intestine

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -mouth

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -rectum

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -esophagus

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -anus

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -liver

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -pancreas

Match the digestive organs with their appropriate functions.a.manufactures bile to help digest fats b.releases bicarbonate into the small intestine c.opens to allow elimination d.churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid mass e.reabsorbs water and minerals f.stores bile until needed g.passes food to the stomach h.makes enzymes to aid in the digestion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat i.chews and mixes food with saliva j.stores waste prior to elimination k.contracts rhythmically to move food content along -large intestine

Explain why sources of carbohydrate should be consumed at intervals throughout the day.

Describe what instinctively occurs within the body during the stress response and the number one health consequence for people living in modern civilization.

Explain how the lining of the digestive tract can remain intact despite begin in contact with powerful digestive juices and enzymes.

What is chronic constipation and how does it impact an individual's long-term health?

Briefly describe the actions of the body's phagocytes and lymphocytes.

Differentiate between the mechanical and chemical aspects of digestion.

Describe how hormones affect nutrition.

What advice would you give to someone interested in improving appetite with alcohol?

Explain the effects of antacids in managing heartburn.

Explain how hiccups develop.

How would you respond to the statement, "People should not consume fruit and meat at the same meal"?

List eight typical behaviours of problem drinkers

Describe what happens to digestion and absorption in cases of severe undernutrition.