Question 1

Brain wave activity during sleep, daydreaming, hypnosis, and other mental states is likely to be studied using a(n)
A) CT scan.
B) MRI scan.
C) electroencephalograph.
D) implanted microelectrode.

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalograph (EEG) is used to measure brain wave activity and is commonly used to study various mental states such as sleep, daydreaming, and hypnosis. CT scans and MRI scans are imaging techniques used to take pictures of the brain's structure, while implanted microelectrodes are used to record the activity of individual neurons, but they are not typically used for studying mental states.

Question 2

Psychiatrist Daniel Langleben and his colleagues have used fMRI technology to tell if a person is lying.When a person was lying, the
A) front of the brain became more active.
B) back of the brain became more active.
C) brainstem became less active.
D) entire brain became less active.

Accepted Answer

When a person is lying, the prefrontal cortex, located at the front of the brain, becomes more active because it is involved in decision-making and cognitive control processes needed to inhibit the truth and tell a lie.

Question 3

By detecting the subatomic particles emitted by weakly radioactive glucose as it is consumed by the brain, researchers are able to obtain detailed images of activity both near the surface and below the surface of the brain.This technique is called a(n)
A) ablation.
B) PET scan.
C) MRI scan.
D) CT scan.

Accepted Answer

The technique described in the question is specifically referring to positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, which uses weakly radioactive tracers to detect brain activity. Ablation refers to the removal of tissue, MRI and CT scans rely on different imaging techniques and do not involve the use of radioactive tracers.

Question 4

Which of the following is an imaging technique that results in a computer-generated image of brain activity and is based on glucose consumption in the brain?
A) computed tomographic scan (CT scan)
B) electroencephalography (EEG)
C) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
D) positron emission tomography (PET)

Accepted Answer

The imaging technique that results in a computer-generated image of brain activity and is based on glucose consumption in the brain is positron emission tomography (PET). PET scans involve the injection of a radioactive glucose tracer that can be detected by the scanner, allowing for a visual representation of the areas of the brain that are most active during a particular task or at rest. CT scans use X-rays to create a 3D image of the brain, while MRI uses a powerful magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of the brain's structure. EEG measures electrical activity in the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp.

Question 5

Psychiatrist Daniel Langleben and his colleagues have used a new brain technique to tell if a person is lying, with the front of the brain being more active when a person is lying rather than telling the truth.This technology is the
A) CT scan.
B) MRI scan.
C) EEG.
D) fMRI.

Accepted Answer

The article specifically mentions that the new brain technique used by psychiatrist Daniel Langleben and his colleagues is able to identify lying by detecting increased activity in the front of the brain. This is likely accomplished by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), as this type of scan can measure changes in blood flow and oxygenation in different areas of the brain, allowing researchers to determine which areas are more active during specific tasks or behaviors. CT scans are not typically used to measure brain activity, and while EEGs can detect electrical activity in the brain, they may not be as reliable at identifying lying as fMRI. Therefore, fMRI is the best choice for this question.

Question 6

A PET scan records the amount of which radioactive substance used by brain cells?
A) potassium
B) iodine
C) glucose
D) sodium

Accepted Answer

A PET scan records the amount of radioactive glucose used by brain cells. The glucose is labeled with a radioactive tracer and then injected into the body. The scanner detects the areas of the brain that are using the glucose, which can help identify patterns of brain activity and diagnose conditions such as Alzheimer's disease or epilepsy.

Question 7

By placing positron detectors around the head and sending data to a computer, it is possible to create a moving, color picture of changes in brain activity using a(n)
A) MRI.
B) CT scan.
C) PET scan.
D) ESB recording.

Accepted Answer

PET scans (C) involve the use of positron detectors to track the movement of radioactive tracers in the brain, allowing for a color-coded image of brain activity. MRIs (A) and CT scans (B) use different imaging techniques and do not involve positron detectors. ESB recordings (D) involve direct recording of electrical activity in the brain using electrodes, and do not produce a visual image.

Question 8

Regarding the technology used to study the brain, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Both PET scans and functional MRIs provide images of activity throughout the brain.
B) Experimentally, fMRI images have been used to tell if a person is lying.
C) PET and fMRI brain scans show that most people use only 10 percent of their brain capacity.
D) Researchers are creating digital three-dimensional brain maps that show both brain structures and their accompanying psychological functions.

Accepted Answer

PET and fMRI brain scans do not show that most people use only 10 percent of their brain capacity. This is a popular myth that has been debunked by scientific research. Both PET and fMRI scans provide images of brain activity, but they do not show overall brain capacity or usage. Researchers are working on creating digital brain maps that show both brain structures and their associated functions, but this technology is still in development and is not yet widely available. However, fMRI images have been used in experiments to detect lying, and both fMRI and PET scans are important tools for studying the brain.

Question 9

Compared with other creatures, our human intelligence is specifically related to the fact that our brains have a much larger
A) limbic system.
B) cerebellum.
C) cerebral cortex.
D) reticular formation.

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is responsible for many of the higher cognitive functions that are unique to humans, such as language, problem-solving, and decision-making. It is much larger in humans than in other animals, which is thought to be a key reason for our exceptional intellectual abilities. The limbic system, cerebellum, and reticular formation all play important roles in brain function as well, but they are not as closely linked to intelligence as the cerebral cortex.

Question 10

Anthony was a subject in a study in which the glucose in his brain was marked with a radioactive substance.Then the detectors identified the especially active brain areas.Anthony participated in a study that employed a(n)
A) EEG.
B) MRI scan.
C) PPRC.
D) PET scan.

Accepted Answer

The marking of glucose with a radioactive substance and detection of active brain areas suggests the use of a PET scan. Option A (EEG) measures electrical activity in the brain, option B (MRI) uses magnetic fields to create images of the brain, and option C (PPRC) is not a commonly used neuroscience technique.

Question 11

Humans are superior to all other animals in
A) intelligence.
B) sensory sensitivity.
C) speed and strength.
D) all of these skills.

Accepted Answer

While humans may not have the same physical abilities as some animals, they have the highest level of intelligence and problem-solving skills. This has allowed humans to develop and innovate in ways that far exceed any other animal species.

Question 12

Regarding the findings obtained through brain scan research, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) ​Most people use only 10 percent of their brain capacity.
B) ​Brain scans show that all parts of the brain are active during the waking hours.
C) ​Some people make better use of their innate brainpower than others.
D) ​A normally functioning brain has no great hidden or untapped reserves of mental capacity.

Accepted Answer

The statement that most people use only 10 percent of their brain capacity is a popular myth and has been debunked by brain scan research. Brain scans show that all parts of the brain are active during the waking hours and there are individual variations in how people utilize their brainpower. However, there is no evidence that a normally functioning brain has untapped reserves of mental capacity.

Question 13

In a comparison of the human brain with other animals, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Whales have the largest brains in overall size.
B) Humans have a larger brain weight to body weight ratio than any other mammal.
C) Many parts of our brain are surprisingly similar to corresponding brain areas in other animals, such as lizards.
D) Compared with other creatures, our brains have a much larger cerebral cortex.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Although humans do have relatively large brains compared to their body size, the largest brain weight to body weight ratio is not unique to humans. Some animals such as shrews, tree shrews, and mice have even larger ratios.

Question 14

Which of the following gives both a three-dimensional structural view of the brain as well as making brain activity visible?
A) CT scan
B) MRI scan
C) EEG
D) fMRI

Accepted Answer

fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) provides both a three-dimensional structural view of the brain and makes brain activity visible by measuring changes in blood flow to active areas of the brain. CT scans and MRI scans only provide structural information, while EEG (electroencephalography) only provides information about electrical activity in the brain.

Question 15

Regarding PET scans, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) ​PET scans provide detailed images of activity both near the surface and below the surface of the brain.
B) ​PET scans detect the negative ion particles emitted by weakly radioactive sodium and potassium as they are consumed by the brain.
C) ​PET scans show which areas of the brain are using more energy, with higher energy use corresponding with higher activity.
D) ​PET scans have suggested that different patterns of brain activity accompany major psychological disorders, such as depression or schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

PET scans do not detect negative ion particles emitted by weakly radioactive sodium and potassium. Instead, PET scans involve injecting a patient with a radioactive tracer, which emits positrons that can be detected by the scanner. The scanner then creates images based on the distribution of the tracer in the body, showing areas of high metabolic activity.

Question 16

Different patterns of brain activity have been found to accompany major psychological disorders, such as depression or schizophrenia, according to studies conducted using which brain tool?
A) MRI
B) CT scan
C) PET scan
D) ESB

Accepted Answer

PET scans (Positron Emission Tomography) have been used to study brain activity and metabolism, which has led to the identification of patterns associated with various psychological disorders. MRI and CT scans provide structural information, but not information about brain function. ESB (Electrical Stimulation of the Brain) is an invasive technique used in research, but is not a tool commonly used for diagnostic purposes.

Question 17

Greg is participating in a sleep lab experiment.Electrodes are affixed to his scalp to measure the beta, alpha, theta, and delta waves Greg exhibits as he goes through the various stages of sleep.What technique is being utilized?
A) EEG
B) MRI
C) PET scan
D) CT scan

Accepted Answer

EEG (electroencephalography) is a technique that utilizes electrodes affixed to the scalp to measure electrical activity in the brain, specifically the beta, alpha, theta, and delta waves associated with the different stages of sleep. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), PET scan (positron emission tomography), and CT scan (computed tomography) all utilize different methods to create images of the brain, but do not measure electrical activity in the same way that EEG does.

Question 18

A PET scan detects which of the following that are emitted by glucose as it is consumed by the brain cells?
A) potassium
B) radioactive iodine
C) electrons
D) positrons

Accepted Answer

A PET (positron emission tomography) scan detects positrons that are emitted by glucose molecules as they are consumed by the brain cells. This is because a small amount of radioactive substance, usually fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), is injected into the patient's bloodstream, which is taken up by the brain cells as they use glucose for energy. The radiotracer emits positrons, which then interact with nearby electrons to produce gamma rays. These gamma rays are detected by the PET scanner and used to create images of the brain's metabolic activity.

Question 19

Dave has just had some medical tests conducted.One of the tests recorded Dave's brain waves on a moving sheet of paper.Dave was probably given the
A) EEG.
B) CT scan.
C) MRI scan.
D) PET scan.

Accepted Answer

Recording brain waves on a moving sheet of paper is an indication of an electroencephalogram (EEG) test. CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans are all imaging tests and do not involve recording brain waves on paper.

Question 20

Martina has what appears to be a seizure.To verify whether Martina has epilepsy, her doctor affixes small disk-shaped mental plates to Martina's scalp in order to obtain a recording of her brain waves.What technique is being utilized?
A) MRI
B) EEG
C) PET scan
D) CT scan

Accepted Answer

The technique being used is electroencephalography (EEG), which involves attaching electrodes to the scalp to record the electrical activity of the brain. The other options (MRI, PET scan, CT scan) all involve different imaging techniques that do not directly measure brain waves.

Quiz 2: Brain and Behavior.

Brain wave activity during sleep, daydreaming, hypnosis, and other mental states is likely to be studied using a(n)

Psychiatrist Daniel Langleben and his colleagues have used fMRI technology to tell if a person is lying.When a person was lying, the

By detecting the subatomic particles emitted by weakly radioactive glucose as it is consumed by the brain, researchers are able to obtain detailed images of activity both near the surface and below the surface of the brain.This technique is called a(n)

Which of the following is an imaging technique that results in a computer-generated image of brain activity and is based on glucose consumption in the brain?

Psychiatrist Daniel Langleben and his colleagues have used a new brain technique to tell if a person is lying, with the front of the brain being more active when a person is lying rather than telling the truth.This technology is the

A PET scan records the amount of which radioactive substance used by brain cells?

By placing positron detectors around the head and sending data to a computer, it is possible to create a moving, color picture of changes in brain activity using a(n)

Regarding the technology used to study the brain, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Compared with other creatures, our human intelligence is specifically related to the fact that our brains have a much larger

Anthony was a subject in a study in which the glucose in his brain was marked with a radioactive substance.Then the detectors identified the especially active brain areas.Anthony participated in a study that employed a(n)

Humans are superior to all other animals in

Regarding the findings obtained through brain scan research, which of the following statements is FALSE?

In a comparison of the human brain with other animals, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following gives both a three-dimensional structural view of the brain as well as making brain activity visible?

Regarding PET scans, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Different patterns of brain activity have been found to accompany major psychological disorders, such as depression or schizophrenia, according to studies conducted using which brain tool?

Greg is participating in a sleep lab experiment.Electrodes are affixed to his scalp to measure the beta, alpha, theta, and delta waves Greg exhibits as he goes through the various stages of sleep.What technique is being utilized?

A PET scan detects which of the following that are emitted by glucose as it is consumed by the brain cells?

Dave has just had some medical tests conducted.One of the tests recorded Dave's brain waves on a moving sheet of paper.Dave was probably given the

Martina has what appears to be a seizure.To verify whether Martina has epilepsy, her doctor affixes small disk-shaped mental plates to Martina's scalp in order to obtain a recording of her brain waves.What technique is being utilized?