Question 1

Which of the following brain tools can be used to map location, shape, and size of brain structures in living brains as well as any abnormal structures, such as tumors, that may be present?
A) CT scan and MRI scan
B) PET scan and EEG
C) ESB
D) deep lesioning

Accepted Answer

CT scan and MRI scan can both be used to map the location, shape, and size of brain structures in living brains as well as detect any abnormalities, such as tumors. PET scan and EEG can detect brain activity but do not provide detailed structural information. ESB and deep lesioning are invasive procedures used for research or therapy, and are not suitable for routine brain mapping or abnormality detection.

Question 2

The MRI scan obtains an image of the brain by using
A) electrode patches placed on the skull.
B) magnetic fields.
C) x-rays.
D) radioactive glucose.

Accepted Answer

MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging, which uses powerful magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body. Electrode patches, x-rays, and radioactive glucose are not used in MRI scans.

Question 3

Dissection revealed that the brain was made up of many anatomically distinct areas or "parts." This technique involves
A) linking specific structures in the brain with specific psychological or behavioral functions.
B) direct electrical stimulation and activation of brain tissue.
C) cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and examining them under a microscope.
D) studying subtle behavioral signs of nervous system dysfunction, including clumsiness, an awkward gait, poor hand-eye coordination, and other perceptual and motor problems.

Accepted Answer

Dissection involves cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and examining them under a microscope. This technique allows researchers to identify anatomically distinct areas or parts of the brain.

Question 4

CT scans and MRI scans are considered __________ imaging techniques.
A) structural
B) functional
C) subcortical
D) hemispheric

Accepted Answer

CT scans and MRI scans are used to create structural images of the brain, showing its overall shape, size, and anatomical features. They do not provide information on brain function or activity, which is the focus of functional imaging techniques such as PET and fMRI. Subcortical and hemispheric are not relevant terms when discussing imaging techniques.

Question 5

In constraint induced movement therapy, a person's good arm is immobilized, which forces the impaired arm to become more active and to increase which of the following processes in the damaged part of his brain?
A) ablation
B) neurogenesis
C) lateralization
D) localization of function

Accepted Answer

Constraint induced movement therapy involves immobilizing the good arm so that the impaired arm becomes more active. This increased activity can lead to neurogenesis, or the growth of new neurons, in the damaged part of the brain. The therapy does not involve ablation (the removal of brain tissue), lateralization (the specialization of different brain regions), or localization of function (identifying specific brain regions responsible for specific functions).

Question 6

The technique that uses a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain is called the
A) ESB.
B) ablation technique.
C) MRI scan.
D) EEG.

Accepted Answer

The MRI scan uses a magnetic field to create detailed images of the brain. The ESB (electrical stimulation of the brain) and ablation techniques involve the manipulation or destruction of specific parts of the brain, while EEG (electroencephalography) records the electrical activity of the brain using electrodes on the scalp.

Question 7

Learning, memory, and the ability to adapt to changing circumstances are most likely due to the fact that new brain cells form each day through
A) neural resiliency.
B) neurogenesis.
C) neural induction.
D) depolarization.

Accepted Answer

Neurogenesis is the process of new brain cell formation, which plays a key role in learning, memory, and adapting to changing circumstances. Neural resiliency refers to the brain's ability to recover from damage or injury, while neural induction and depolarization are not directly related to the formation of new brain cells.

Question 8

Which of the following structural brain techniques may expose patients to unhealthy doses of radioactivity with repeated use?​
A) ablations
B) ​EEGs
C) ​CT scans
D) MRI scans

Accepted Answer

CT scans use x-rays to produce images, which require exposure to ionizing radiation that may pose health risks with repeated use. The other techniques mentioned (ablations, EEGs, MRI scans) do not involve exposure to ionizing radiation.

Question 9

Regarding brain cells regeneration and repair, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Saltatory conduction is the approach in which a patient's good arm is restrained in order to force his or her impaired arm to be more active with a resulting increase in neurogenesis in the damaged part of the brain.
B) Approaches involving neurogenesis are offering hope for persons suffering from a variety of disabilities, such as depression, addiction, and schizophrenia.
C) A healthy 75-year-old brain has just as many neurons as it did when it was 25-year-old.
D) Although the brain loses cells daily, it simultaneously grows new neurons to replace them.

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction is a process related to the transmission of nerve impulses along myelinated axons, not a therapeutic approach for neurogenesis or rehabilitation.

Question 10

During practice, a football player experiences symptoms commonly associated with having a stroke.The coaches rush him to the hospital so that the doctors can view the structure of this player's brain using a specialized X-ray technique known as a(n)
A) ESB.
B) CT scan.
C) PET scan.
D) ablation.

Accepted Answer

CT scan (computed tomography) is a specialized X-ray technique used to create detailed images of the inside of the body, including the brain. It can help diagnose various neurological conditions, including strokes. ESB (electrical stimulation of the brain) and ablation (removing tissue using heat or radiation) are not imaging techniques, and a PET scan (positron emission tomography) is a different type of imaging that uses a radioactive tracer to produce images of biological processes in the body.

Question 11

A specialized type of X-ray was used to show the area where a tumor was located within a patient's brain.This type of X-ray is known as
A) a computed tomographic scan.
B) electroencephalography.
C) positron emission tomography.
D) functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Accepted Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scans use X-rays to produce detailed images of the inside of the body. This would be the most specific type of X-ray used to visualize the brain and locate a tumor. Electroencephalography (EEG) measures electrical activity in the brain and is used to diagnose conditions such as epilepsy. Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are imaging techniques that show how the brain functions, but are not typically used to locate a tumor.

Question 12

Regarding brain cells regeneration and repair, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Constraint-induced movement therapy involves restraining a patient's good arm, which forces his or her impaired arm to be more active and increases neurogenesis in the damaged part of the brain.
B) Doctors have identified specific drugs that can enhance neurogenesis in the damaged areas of the brain.
C) Because of aging, a healthy 75-year-old brain has only about 75 percent of the brain cells of a healthy 25-year-old brain.
D) Although the brain loses cells daily, it simultaneously grows new neurons to replace them.

Accepted Answer

The statement that a healthy 75-year-old brain has only about 75 percent of the brain cells of a healthy 25-year-old brain is false. While it's true that the brain can lose cells as part of the aging process, the percentage of cell loss does not directly correlate with age in such a straightforward manner. Brain cell loss can vary greatly among individuals and is influenced by numerous factors including lifestyle, genetics, and overall health.

Question 13

Using which brain tool is X-ray information collected by a computer from a number of different angles and then formed into an image of the brain to reveal the effects of strokes, injuries, tumors, and other brain disorders?
A) CT scan
B) EEG
C) PET scan
D) functional MRI

Accepted Answer

X-ray information collected from different angles is used in a CT scan to create an image of the brain, which can reveal the effects of various disorders. EEG measures brain activity through electrodes placed on the scalp, PET scan measures brain function using radioactive tracers, and functional MRI measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow.

Question 14

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal, indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus, according to Toro and Deakin, schizophrenia may result from
A) numerous small strokes damaging the brain regions associated with the development of schizophrenia.
B) a deterioration of the myelin sheaths throughout the brain tissue.
C) the inability of the schizophrenic brain to continually create new neurons to replace old ones that have died.
D) a lack of acetylcholine, which cause numerous neurons to rapidly die.

Accepted Answer

The fact that the brains of persons with schizophrenia are smaller and have fewer neurons suggests that the schizophrenic brain is unable to continually produce new neurons to replace the old ones that have died. This supports option C as the correct choice. Options A, B, and D are not supported by current research on the causes of schizophrenia.

Question 15

Dissection reveals that the brain is made up of many anatomically distinct areas comprised of clusters of neuron cell bodies interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.These bundles of myelinated axons are referred to as
A) ​gray matter.
B) ​white matter.
C) ​the limbic system.
D) ​the subcortex.

Accepted Answer

The bundles of myelinated axons in the brain are referred to as white matter. Gray matter refers to the clusters of neuron cell bodies themselves. The limbic system is a collection of brain structures involved in emotion and memory, while the subcortex refers to the lower, deeper parts of the brain.

Question 16

Bobby suffered a stroke that damaged his brain, causing partial paralysis in his left arm.To increase the rate of neurogenesis in the damaged part of his brain and speed his recovery, Bobby's good right arm is immobilized, which forces his impaired left arm to become more active.This approach is known as
A) ablation.
B) constraint-induced movement.
C) localization of function.
D) synaptic potential immobilization.

Accepted Answer

The approach of immobilizing the good arm to force the impaired arm to become more active is known as constraint-induced movement therapy. This is a form of rehabilitation that aims to increase the rate of neurogenesis in the damaged part of Bobby's brain and speed up his recovery. Ablation refers to the surgical removal or destruction of a part of the brain. Localization of function refers to the idea that specific areas of the brain are responsible for specific functions. Synaptic potential immobilization is not a recognized term or approach in neurorehabilitation.

Question 17

Anatomists learned that the brain is made up of many distinct areas or "parts" by cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and then examining them under a microscope.This procedure being used is known as
A) lateralization.
B) neural induction.
C) corticalization.
D) dissection.

Accepted Answer

The procedure described in the sentence is the dissection of autopsied human and animal brains to examine them under a microscope. The other options listed are not applicable to this process.

Question 18

Computed tomographic (CT)scanning involves
A) a specialized type of X-ray.
B) the detection, amplification, and recording of electrical activity in the brain.
C) the use of a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain.
D) a computer-generated image of brain activity based on glucose consumption in the brain.

Accepted Answer

CT scanning uses X-ray technology to create images of the brain. The patient is exposed to a small amount of ionizing radiation, and the X-rays are detected and analyzed by a computer to produce a detailed image. Other options mentioned, such as EEG (electroencephalography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and PET (positron emission tomography), involve different technologies and methods of brain imaging.

Question 19

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal, indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus, according to Toro and Deakin, the key to treating this mental disorder may involve new therapies that promote
A) ablation.
B) neurogenesis.
C) lateralization.
D) localization of function.

Accepted Answer

Neurogenesis, or the growth of new neurons, may be a key factor in treating schizophrenia as it could potentially increase the number of neurons in the brain, helping to alleviate some of the symptoms associated with the disorder. Ablation (choice A) involves removing or destroying brain tissue and is not a viable treatment option for schizophrenia. Lateralization (choice C) refers to the division of functions between the two hemispheres of the brain and is not directly related to treating schizophrenia. Localization of function (choice D) is the idea that specific areas of the brain are responsible for specific functions, but this is not a new therapy for treating schizophrenia.

Question 20

Dissection reveals that the brain is made up of many anatomically distinct areas comprised of clusters of neuron cell bodies interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.These clusters of neuron cell bodies are referred to as
A) ​gray matter.
B) ​white matter.
C) ​the limbic system.
D) ​the subcortex.

Accepted Answer

Gray matter refers to areas of the brain that contain clusters of neuron cell bodies, which are interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.

Quiz 2: Brain and Behavior.

Which of the following brain tools can be used to map location, shape, and size of brain structures in living brains as well as any abnormal structures, such as tumors, that may be present?

The MRI scan obtains an image of the brain by using

Dissection revealed that the brain was made up of many anatomically distinct areas or "parts." This technique involves

CT scans and MRI scans are considered __________ imaging techniques.

In constraint induced movement therapy, a person's good arm is immobilized, which forces the impaired arm to become more active and to increase which of the following processes in the damaged part of his brain?

The technique that uses a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain is called the

Learning, memory, and the ability to adapt to changing circumstances are most likely due to the fact that new brain cells form each day through

Which of the following structural brain techniques may expose patients to unhealthy doses of radioactivity with repeated use?

Regarding brain cells regeneration and repair, which of the following statements is FALSE?

During practice, a football player experiences symptoms commonly associated with having a stroke.The coaches rush him to the hospital so that the doctors can view the structure of this player's brain using a specialized X-ray technique known as a(n)

A specialized type of X-ray was used to show the area where a tumor was located within a patient's brain.This type of X-ray is known as

Regarding brain cells regeneration and repair, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Using which brain tool is X-ray information collected by a computer from a number of different angles and then formed into an image of the brain to reveal the effects of strokes, injuries, tumors, and other brain disorders?

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal, indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus, according to Toro and Deakin, schizophrenia may result from

Dissection reveals that the brain is made up of many anatomically distinct areas comprised of clusters of neuron cell bodies interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.These bundles of myelinated axons are referred to as

Anatomists learned that the brain is made up of many distinct areas or "parts" by cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and then examining them under a microscope.This procedure being used is known as

Computed tomographic (CT) scanning involves

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal, indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus, according to Toro and Deakin, the key to treating this mental disorder may involve new therapies that promote

Dissection reveals that the brain is made up of many anatomically distinct areas comprised of clusters of neuron cell bodies interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.These clusters of neuron cell bodies are referred to as

Quiz 2: Brain and Behavior.

Which of the following brain tools can be used to map location, shape, and size of brain structures in living brains as well as any abnormal structures, such as tumors, that may be present?

The MRI scan obtains an image of the brain by using

Dissection revealed that the brain was made up of many anatomically distinct areas or "parts." This technique involves

CT scans and MRI scans are considered __________ imaging techniques.

In constraint induced movement therapy, a person's good arm is immobilized, which forces the impaired arm to become more active and to increase which of the following processes in the damaged part of his brain?

The technique that uses a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain is called the

Learning, memory, and the ability to adapt to changing circumstances are most likely due to the fact that new brain cells form each day through

Which of the following structural brain techniques may expose patients to unhealthy doses of radioactivity with repeated use?​

Regarding brain cells regeneration and repair, which of the following statements is FALSE?

During practice, a football player experiences symptoms commonly associated with having a stroke.The coaches rush him to the hospital so that the doctors can view the structure of this player's brain using a specialized X-ray technique known as a(n)

A specialized type of X-ray was used to show the area where a tumor was located within a patient's brain.This type of X-ray is known as

Regarding brain cells regeneration and repair, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Using which brain tool is X-ray information collected by a computer from a number of different angles and then formed into an image of the brain to reveal the effects of strokes, injuries, tumors, and other brain disorders?

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal, indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus, according to Toro and Deakin, schizophrenia may result from

Dissection reveals that the brain is made up of many anatomically distinct areas comprised of clusters of neuron cell bodies interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.These bundles of myelinated axons are referred to as

Anatomists learned that the brain is made up of many distinct areas or "parts" by cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and then examining them under a microscope.This procedure being used is known as

Computed tomographic (CT) scanning involves

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal, indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus, according to Toro and Deakin, the key to treating this mental disorder may involve new therapies that promote

Dissection reveals that the brain is made up of many anatomically distinct areas comprised of clusters of neuron cell bodies interspersed by bundles of myelinated axons and pathways between those clusters.These clusters of neuron cell bodies are referred to as

Which of the following structural brain techniques may expose patients to unhealthy doses of radioactivity with repeated use?