Question 1

The three basic processes of memory are
A) recognition, storage, retrieval.
B) encoding, storage, forgetting.
C) encoding, storage, retrieval.
D) maintenance, elaboration, forgetting.

Accepted Answer

The three basic processes of memory are encoding (converting information into a form that can be stored in memory), storage (retaining the encoded information over time), and retrieval (accessing and using the stored information when needed). Therefore, the best choice is C, which includes these three processes. Choice A is incorrect because recognition is a specific form of retrieval, not a separate process. Choice B is incorrect because forgetting is not a basic process of memory, but rather a failure of one or more of the basic processes. Choice D is incorrect because maintenance and elaboration are not basic processes, but rather strategies that can be used during encoding or storage.

Question 2

The process of holding information in memory for later use is referred to as
A) retrieval.
B) encoding.
C) storage.
D) organization.

Accepted Answer

Storage refers to the process of holding information in memory for later use. Retrieval is the process of accessing information from memory, encoding is the process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory, and organization refers to how information is structured and categorized in memory.

Question 3

Information is initially converted into a form that can be retained.This conversion part of the memory process is known as
A) encoding.
B) retrieval.
C) consolidation.
D) storage.

Accepted Answer

Encoding is the process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory. It involves the use of sensory input to create a mental representation of the information. Once the information has been encoded, it can then be stored in memory for later retrieval. Retrieval refers to the process of accessing stored information, consolidation is the process of strengthening and stabilizing memories after they have been encoded and storage is the process of maintaining encoded information in memory over time.

Question 4

In order for a memory to be useful, it must be
A) dishabituated.
B) episodic.
C) decoded as an image.
D) retrieved.

Accepted Answer

In order for a memory to be useful, it must be retrieved. This means that the information needs to be accessed and brought into conscious awareness, allowing it to be utilized in various ways such as problem-solving, decision-making, and learning. While habituation, episodic memory, and encoding as an image are all important factors in the overall memory process, none of them alone are sufficient for a memory to be considered useful.

Question 5

Before new incoming information can be stored, it must be first be
A) assimilated.
B) retrieved.
C) encoded.
D) habituated.

Accepted Answer

Encoding is the process of converting incoming information into a usable form to be stored in memory. Assimilation refers to the process of incorporating new information into existing knowledge structures, retrieval involves accessing already stored information, and habituation is the process of adapting to a repeated stimulus over time.

Question 6

Sensory, short-term, and long-term are the three stages of the
A) Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory.
B) Hobson-McCarley memory model.
C) Melzack-Wall model of memory.
D) Darley-Latané memory model.

Accepted Answer

The Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory is the only one that includes the three stages listed (sensory, short-term, and long-term). The other models listed do not have these specific stages.

Question 7

Which of the following is the active mental system that receives, stores, organizes, alters, and recovers information?
A) memory
B) suppression
C) repression
D) priming

Accepted Answer

Memory is the active mental system that receives, stores, organizes, alters, and recovers information. Suppression and repression refer to defense mechanisms used to push unwanted thoughts or emotions out of consciousness, while priming refers to the influence of a stimulus on the response to a subsequent stimulus.

Question 8

Memory is an active mental system that
A) stores and organizes information.
B) receives and recovers information.
C) alters information.
D) does all of these.

Accepted Answer

Memory is an active mental system that stores and organizes information, receives and recovers information, and can also alter information. Therefore, choice (D) is the best answer.

Question 9

Which of the following statements best characterizes the memory system?
A) an automatic and unchanging means of storing exact copies of experience
B) a vast storehouse from which specific facts can be retrieved when they are needed
C) a dusty archive in which interesting, but often irrelevant, relics are housed
D) an active mental system for manipulating information

Accepted Answer

The memory system is an active mental system for manipulating information. This is supported by research on encoding, storage, and retrieval processes that involve actively processing and manipulating information. The other options (A, B, and C) do not fully capture the dynamic nature of memory processing.

Question 10

Sensory, short-term, and long-term are the three
A) stages of memory.
B) levels of Alzheimer's disease.
C) types of interference that occur during the process of forgetting.
D) types of amnesia.

Accepted Answer

Sensory, short-term, and long-term are the three stages of memory, with sensory memory being the initial stage where information is taken in through the senses, short-term memory being the temporary storage of information, and long-term memory being the more permanent storage of information.

Question 11

If you are to remember all 9,856 new terms on your psychology final exam, you must successfully
A) encode them in sensory memory, move them through short-term memory, and eventually retrieve them from long-term memory.
B) utilize eidetic memory and mnemonic devices in constructively processing the information.
C) move this information through procedural memory, semantic memory, and episodic memory while avoiding the serial position effect.
D) utilize stimulus control and redintegration in the processing of this information.

Accepted Answer

Encoding information into sensory memory, transferring it to short-term memory, and then consolidating it into long-term memory is the most scientifically supported method of retaining information for later retrieval. Utilizing memory techniques like eidetic memory and mnemonic devices may be helpful, but they are not guaranteed to work for everyone. The other options, procedural memory, semantic memory, episodic memory, stimulus control, and redintegration, are not directly relevant to encoding and retrieving new terms.

Question 12

Which of the basic processes of memory is like typing data into a computer?
A) encoding
B) retrieval
C) consolidation
D) storage

Accepted Answer

Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system, similar to typing data into a computer.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic processes of memory?
A) encoding
B) feedback
C) storage
D) retrieval

Accepted Answer

The three basic processes of memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval. Feedback, although useful in some contexts, is not considered a fundamental process of memory.

Question 14

To be stored for a long time, information must pass through all three stages of which model of memory?
A) Atkinson-Shiffrin
B) Hobson-McCarley
C) Melzack-Wall
D) Darley-Latané

Accepted Answer

The Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory includes three stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. For information to be stored for a long time, it must pass through all three stages and be encoded into long-term memory.

Question 15

When you need information stored in computer files, you select the file and open it.When you need information from your long-term memory, you utilize the memory process known as
A) retrieval.
B) encoding.
C) iconic processing.
D) dishabituation.

Accepted Answer

Retrieval is the process of accessing information stored in long-term memory. It involves bringing information from storage into working memory so that it can be used to complete a task or solve a problem. Retrieval can be triggered by various cues, such as recall or recognition.

Question 16

You are taking a psychology test and are trying to remember what you studied.The memory process being used when you try to remember the psychology material is
A) encoding.
B) feedback.
C) storage rehearsal.
D) retrieval.

Accepted Answer

The memory process being used when trying to remember psychology material is retrieval, which is the process of accessing stored information from memory. Encoding refers to the initial process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory, storage rehearsal involves repeating information to keep it in short-term memory, and feedback is information provided after a response is made that can help with learning or memory retrieval.

Question 17

The three stages of memory include all of the following EXCEPT
A) short-term memory.
B) eidetic memory.
C) sensory memory.
D) long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

The three stages of memory are sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Eidetic memory, also known as photographic memory, is not considered a separate stage of memory but rather a type of memory ability in which a person can recall vivid and detailed images or information. Therefore, option B is the correct answer as it is not one of the three stages of memory.

Question 18

After information has been entered into memory, this information is held for later use through the memory process known as
A) retrieval.
B) encoding.
C) storage.
D) habituation.

Accepted Answer

Storage refers to the process of keeping information in memory after it has been encoded. Retrieval is the process of accessing stored information, while encoding involves the initial acquisition and transformation of information into a memorable form. Habituation is a form of learning in which there is a decrease in responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated exposure. Therefore, the best choice is C - storage.

Question 19

Regarding how a memory is stored, the three stages of memory IN ORDER are
A) short-term memory, sensory memory, long-term memory.
B) eidetic memory, sensory memory, long-term memory.
C) sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.
D) short-term memory, working memory, long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the first stage of memory where information is received from the senses. Short-term memory is the second stage, where information is temporarily stored and processed for about 20-30 seconds. Finally, the information that is deemed important and rehearsed is transferred to long-term memory, which is the third stage of memory. Therefore, the correct order is sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Question 20

Memory is often characterized as being similar to a computer because
A) long-term memories are exact copies, like files on a hard drive.
B) memories are encoded, stored, and later retrieved.
C) the space available for memory storage is limited as is the storage capacity of a computer.
D) computers and the human mind both process information in a serial fashion.

Accepted Answer

Memories are encoded (through sensory input), stored (in various areas of the brain), and later retrieved (when needed), much like how a computer encodes, stores, and retrieves data.

Quiz 7: Memory.

The three basic processes of memory are

The process of holding information in memory for later use is referred to as

Information is initially converted into a form that can be retained.This conversion part of the memory process is known as

In order for a memory to be useful, it must be

Before new incoming information can be stored, it must be first be

Sensory, short-term, and long-term are the three stages of the

Which of the following is the active mental system that receives, stores, organizes, alters, and recovers information?

Memory is an active mental system that

Which of the following statements best characterizes the memory system?

Sensory, short-term, and long-term are the three

If you are to remember all 9,856 new terms on your psychology final exam, you must successfully

Which of the basic processes of memory is like typing data into a computer?

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic processes of memory?

To be stored for a long time, information must pass through all three stages of which model of memory?

When you need information stored in computer files, you select the file and open it.When you need information from your long-term memory, you utilize the memory process known as

You are taking a psychology test and are trying to remember what you studied.The memory process being used when you try to remember the psychology material is

The three stages of memory include all of the following EXCEPT

After information has been entered into memory, this information is held for later use through the memory process known as

Regarding how a memory is stored, the three stages of memory IN ORDER are

Memory is often characterized as being similar to a computer because