Question 1

Alex sees a girl in a red shirt steal a candy bar. Later, during questioning, the police ask what candy the girl in the blue shirt stole. Months later, when Alex testifies in court, he describes
The girl as having worn a blue shirt. This is an example of
A) suggestibility.
B) blocking.
C) cryptomnesia.
D) absentmindedness.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of suggestibility, where the questioning or outside factors can influence a person's memory and perception of an event. In this case, the police's question about the girl in the blue shirt could have influenced Alex's memory of the event, causing him to mistakenly remember the girl as wearing a blue shirt during his testimony in court.

Question 2

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an example of
A) retrograde amnesia.
B) anterograde amnesia.
C) persistence.
D) blocking.

Accepted Answer

PTSD is characterized by the persistence of traumatic memories and associated symptoms such as anxiety, avoidance behavior, and hyperarousal. It is not related to amnesia or blocking of memories.

Question 3

Name the three stages of information processing in the acquisition of memory. Imagine you are reading a story in a magazine. Describe how that information would go through these three phases of information processing in the acquisition of a memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the three stages of information processing...

Question 4

Jacob has to write an essay for his writing course and decides to write about a boy who is actually a wizard. When his teacher reads the essay, she realizes that Jacob got the idea from
A popular book. Jacob denies this, honestly believing that he thought of the idea himself. Jacob
Is experiencing
A) cryptomnesia.
B) source amnesia.
C) suggestibility.
D) blocking.

Accepted Answer

Cryptomnesia occurs when a person mistakenly believes that a thought or idea is their own original thought when, in reality, they have encountered it before and forgotten the source. In this case, Jacob believes his idea for an essay about a boy who is a wizard is original, not recognizing that it likely came from a popular book he has read or heard about.

Question 5

Laden has a memory of getting a teddy bear at a childhood birthday party. However, she cannot remember who gave it to her or at which birthday she received it. Laden
Is experiencing
A) cryptomnesia.
B) misattribution.
C) retrograde amnesia.
D) anterograde amnesia.

Accepted Answer

Misattribution occurs when someone can remember information but cannot recall the source correctly. In Laden's case, she remembers receiving a teddy bear but cannot recall who gave it to her or at which birthday, fitting the definition of misattribution.

Question 6

Ali's previous boyfriend was named Sam and her new boyfriend is named Stan. When she accidentally calls her new boyfriend by the name Sam, she explains to him that her
Mistake was due to
A) retrograde amnesia.
B) proactive interference.
C) retroactive interference.
D) anterograde amnesia.

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when older memories interfere with the recall of newer memories. In this case, Ali's memory of her previous boyfriend's name (Sam) interferes with her ability to remember her new boyfriend's name (Stan), leading to her mistakenly calling him by the old name.

Question 7

Yu vividly remembers the day her husband surprised her with an emotional and dramatic marriage proposal. Research suggests that this ________ memory is ________ ordinary
Memories.
A) semantic; more accurate than
B) semantic; as accurate as
C) flashbulb; less accurate than
D) flashbulb; at least as accurate as

Accepted Answer

Flashbulb memories are vivid, detailed memories of significant events. Research suggests they are at least as accurate as, if not more accurate than, ordinary memories.

Question 8

Beth recently changed her e-mail password. For the first few days after changing her password, she kept trying to log in with the old password. Which of the following was Beth
Experiencing?
A) anterograde amnesia
B) retrograde amnesia
C) proactive interference
D) retroactive interference

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when old information interferes with new information. In this case, Beth's old password was interfering with her ability to remember her new password. Anterograde amnesia involves difficulty forming new memories, while retrograde amnesia involves difficulty remembering old memories. Retroactive interference occurs when new information interferes with the recall of old information.

Question 9

Teresa's house was destroyed when Hurricane Michael hit Florida. The memory of how she had to run back to the house to rescue her dog keeps coming to her mind even though she
Very much wants to get rid of that memory. Teresa is most likely experiencing
A) prospective memory.
B) persistence in memory.
C) anterograde amnesia.
D) retrograde amnesia.

Accepted Answer

Teresa is experiencing persistence in memory, as she is unable to get rid of the memory of trying to rescue her dog during the hurricane. Prospective memory refers to remembering to do something in the future, anterograde amnesia is the inability to form new memories after an injury or trauma, and retrograde amnesia is the loss of memories that were formed before an injury or trauma. None of these are applicable to Teresa's situation.

Question 10

Four witnesses see a truck hit a small car. If they all saw the same thing, who is likely to give the highest estimate of the truck's speed when testifying in court?
A) Abby, who was asked, "How fast was the truck going when it hit the car?"
B) Tim, who was asked, "How fast was the truck going when it crushed the car?"
C) Tony, who was asked, "How fast was the truck going when it bumped the car?"
D) Leroy, who was asked, "How fast was the truck going when the accident happened?"

Accepted Answer

The choice of words can influence a person's perception and memory of an event. The word "crushed" implies a more violent and high-speed impact compared to "hit," "bumped," or a neutral description of the event. Therefore, Tim, who was asked using the word "crushed," is likely to give the highest estimate of the truck's speed.

Question 11

When we make our memories consistent with our current beliefs or attitudes, we are experiencing
A) persistence.
B) memory bias.
C) memory misattribution.
D) suggestibility.

Accepted Answer

Memory bias refers to the tendency to alter our memories to fit our current beliefs or attitudes. Persistence refers to the inability to forget unwanted memories, memory misattribution occurs when we attribute a memory to the wrong source, and suggestibility refers to the tendency to accept information that may not be true as true.

Question 12

You vividly remember where you were when you heard about the Boston Marathon bombing. What you remember is a(n) ________ memory and you are likely to be ________ a
Memory for an ordinary event.
A) flashbulb; more confident about it than
B) flashbulb; as confident about it as
C) implicit; more confident about it than
D) implicit; as confident about it as

Accepted Answer

A flashbulb memory is a highly emotional and significant event that is remembered vividly. The Boston Marathon bombing was such an event. People are more confident about their recollection of flashbulb memories than they are about memories of ordinary events.

Question 13

Amanda is telling Connie about a movie she saw last night, and Connie asks who starred in the movie. Amanda gets frustrated because she cannot think of the actor's name, even though
She can describe the actor and list other movies in which he has starred. Amanda is most
Likely experiencing
A) suggestibility.
B) interference.
C) the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
D) absentmindedness.

Accepted Answer

The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is when a person knows a certain piece of information but cannot access it from memory, even though they can recall other related information. Amanda's ability to describe the actor and list their other movie roles suggests that she has this phenomenon.

Question 14

Yesterday, you caused an argument by insulting another person. Today, you remember the argument as being the other person's fault. You do not remember that you were actually to
Blame for the argument because of
A) absentmindedness.
B) suggestibility.
C) memory bias.
D) memory blocking.

Accepted Answer

Memory bias refers to the way that our memories can be influenced by our current beliefs and attitudes. In this case, the person's belief that they were not at fault may have influenced their memory of the argument to make it seem like the other person was to blame. This is a common cognitive bias known as the self-serving bias, where we tend to credit ourselves for positive outcomes and blame others for negative outcomes.

Question 15

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. You have trouble learning Portuguese because the Spanish you learned in high school
Keeps coming to mind. This outcome is most likely due to
A) anterograde amnesia.
B) retrograde amnesia.
C) proactive interference.
D) retroactive interference.

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to learn new information. In this case, the previously learned Spanish is interfering with the ability to learn Portuguese. Anterograde and retrograde amnesia involve memory loss, and retroactive interference occurs when newly learned information interferes with the recall of previously learned information.

Question 16

You are working on a crossword puzzle. Even though you know the answer to a question, you cannot remember the actual word. You remember the shape of the word, the first letter of the
Word, and other related words and ideas, but you cannot remember the word itself. You are
Experiencing
A) suggestibility.
B) interference.
C) the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
D) absentmindedness.

Accepted Answer

The description of remembering the shape of the word and related words and ideas, but not the actual word, is indicative of the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. This is a common experience where people feel like the word is "on the tip of their tongue" but cannot recall it.

Question 17

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. Now, whenever you try to recall a word in Spanish, Portuguese keeps coming to your mind. This result is most likely due to
A) retrograde amnesia.
B) retroactive interference.
C) anterograde amnesia.
D) proactive interference.

Accepted Answer

Retroactive interference occurs when new information interferes with the ability to recall old information, as seen when learning Portuguese affects the recall of previously learned Spanish.

Question 18

Shazia describes a made-up story to Ronald in vivid detail about a time that they got into serious trouble as young children. Later on, Ronald remembers the event even though it never
Actually happened. Ronald is most likely experiencing
A) persistence.
B) a false memory.
C) blocking.
D) retroactive interference.

Accepted Answer

Ronald is experiencing a false memory, which is a recollection of an event that did not actually occur. This can happen when our brains fill in gaps in our memory with plausible details or when we are influenced by suggestions from others. In this case, Shazia's vivid description of the made-up story may have planted the false memory in Ronald's mind.

Question 19

Your roommate asks you which section of chemistry you are taking next semester. Even though you have just registered for the class, you cannot confidently tell her the section. You
Are astonished to realize that you suddenly cannot remember the section for which you
Registered. Your memory lapse is an example of
A) interference.
B) suggestibility.
C) blocking.
D) absentmindedness.

Accepted Answer

The memory lapse described in the scenario is an example of blocking, which occurs when information is temporarily inaccessible or cannot be retrieved despite efforts to do so. In this scenario, the individual has just registered for the class, but cannot remember the specific section, indicating a blocking of that particular piece of information. Interference, suggestibility, and absentmindedness would not describe this specific memory lapse.

Question 20

Dion keeps having nightmares and flashbacks about his time in the military. His chronic anxiety is most likely due to which disorder?
A) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
C) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
D) attention deficit disorder (ADD)

Accepted Answer

Dion's nightmares and flashbacks about his time in the military are indicative of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is commonly associated with chronic anxiety. ADHD, OCD, and ADD do not typically cause symptoms like nightmares and flashbacks.

Quiz 7: Memory

Alex sees a girl in a red shirt steal a candy bar. Later, during questioning, the police ask what candy the girl in the blue shirt stole. Months later, when Alex testifies in court, he describes The girl as having worn a blue shirt. This is an example of

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an example of

Name the three stages of information processing in the acquisition of memory. Imagine you are reading a story in a magazine. Describe how that information would go through these three phases of information processing in the acquisition of a memory.

Jacob has to write an essay for his writing course and decides to write about a boy who is actually a wizard. When his teacher reads the essay, she realizes that Jacob got the idea from A popular book. Jacob denies this, honestly believing that he thought of the idea himself. Jacob Is experiencing

Laden has a memory of getting a teddy bear at a childhood birthday party. However, she cannot remember who gave it to her or at which birthday she received it. Laden Is experiencing

Ali's previous boyfriend was named Sam and her new boyfriend is named Stan. When she accidentally calls her new boyfriend by the name Sam, she explains to him that her Mistake was due to

Yu vividly remembers the day her husband surprised her with an emotional and dramatic marriage proposal. Research suggests that this memory is ordinary Memories.

Beth recently changed her e-mail password. For the first few days after changing her password, she kept trying to log in with the old password. Which of the following was Beth Experiencing?

Teresa's house was destroyed when Hurricane Michael hit Florida. The memory of how she had to run back to the house to rescue her dog keeps coming to her mind even though she Very much wants to get rid of that memory. Teresa is most likely experiencing

Four witnesses see a truck hit a small car. If they all saw the same thing, who is likely to give the highest estimate of the truck's speed when testifying in court?

When we make our memories consistent with our current beliefs or attitudes, we are experiencing

You vividly remember where you were when you heard about the Boston Marathon bombing. What you remember is a(n) memory and you are likely to be a Memory for an ordinary event.

Amanda is telling Connie about a movie she saw last night, and Connie asks who starred in the movie. Amanda gets frustrated because she cannot think of the actor's name, even though She can describe the actor and list other movies in which he has starred. Amanda is most Likely experiencing

Yesterday, you caused an argument by insulting another person. Today, you remember the argument as being the other person's fault. You do not remember that you were actually to Blame for the argument because of

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. You have trouble learning Portuguese because the Spanish you learned in high school Keeps coming to mind. This outcome is most likely due to

You are working on a crossword puzzle. Even though you know the answer to a question, you cannot remember the actual word. You remember the shape of the word, the first letter of the Word, and other related words and ideas, but you cannot remember the word itself. You are Experiencing

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. Now, whenever you try to recall a word in Spanish, Portuguese keeps coming to your mind. This result is most likely due to

Shazia describes a made-up story to Ronald in vivid detail about a time that they got into serious trouble as young children. Later on, Ronald remembers the event even though it never Actually happened. Ronald is most likely experiencing

Dion keeps having nightmares and flashbacks about his time in the military. His chronic anxiety is most likely due to which disorder?

Quiz 7: Memory

Alex sees a girl in a red shirt steal a candy bar. Later, during questioning, the police ask what candy the girl in the blue shirt stole. Months later, when Alex testifies in court, he describes The girl as having worn a blue shirt. This is an example of

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an example of

Name the three stages of information processing in the acquisition of memory. Imagine you are reading a story in a magazine. Describe how that information would go through these three phases of information processing in the acquisition of a memory.

Jacob has to write an essay for his writing course and decides to write about a boy who is actually a wizard. When his teacher reads the essay, she realizes that Jacob got the idea from A popular book. Jacob denies this, honestly believing that he thought of the idea himself. Jacob Is experiencing

Laden has a memory of getting a teddy bear at a childhood birthday party. However, she cannot remember who gave it to her or at which birthday she received it. Laden Is experiencing

Ali's previous boyfriend was named Sam and her new boyfriend is named Stan. When she accidentally calls her new boyfriend by the name Sam, she explains to him that her Mistake was due to

Yu vividly remembers the day her husband surprised her with an emotional and dramatic marriage proposal. Research suggests that this ________ memory is ________ ordinary Memories.

Beth recently changed her e-mail password. For the first few days after changing her password, she kept trying to log in with the old password. Which of the following was Beth Experiencing?

Teresa's house was destroyed when Hurricane Michael hit Florida. The memory of how she had to run back to the house to rescue her dog keeps coming to her mind even though she Very much wants to get rid of that memory. Teresa is most likely experiencing

Four witnesses see a truck hit a small car. If they all saw the same thing, who is likely to give the highest estimate of the truck's speed when testifying in court?

When we make our memories consistent with our current beliefs or attitudes, we are experiencing

You vividly remember where you were when you heard about the Boston Marathon bombing. What you remember is a(n) ________ memory and you are likely to be ________ a Memory for an ordinary event.

Amanda is telling Connie about a movie she saw last night, and Connie asks who starred in the movie. Amanda gets frustrated because she cannot think of the actor's name, even though She can describe the actor and list other movies in which he has starred. Amanda is most Likely experiencing

Yesterday, you caused an argument by insulting another person. Today, you remember the argument as being the other person's fault. You do not remember that you were actually to Blame for the argument because of

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. You have trouble learning Portuguese because the Spanish you learned in high school Keeps coming to mind. This outcome is most likely due to

You are working on a crossword puzzle. Even though you know the answer to a question, you cannot remember the actual word. You remember the shape of the word, the first letter of the Word, and other related words and ideas, but you cannot remember the word itself. You are Experiencing

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. Now, whenever you try to recall a word in Spanish, Portuguese keeps coming to your mind. This result is most likely due to

Shazia describes a made-up story to Ronald in vivid detail about a time that they got into serious trouble as young children. Later on, Ronald remembers the event even though it never Actually happened. Ronald is most likely experiencing

Dion keeps having nightmares and flashbacks about his time in the military. His chronic anxiety is most likely due to which disorder?

Yu vividly remembers the day her husband surprised her with an emotional and dramatic marriage proposal. Research suggests that this memory is ordinary Memories.

You vividly remember where you were when you heard about the Boston Marathon bombing. What you remember is a(n) memory and you are likely to be a Memory for an ordinary event.