Question 1

You remember how to get to a specific store in your local shopping mall by mentally picturing each store that you pass as you get to that store. You are employing which of the
Following?
A) method of loci
B) maintenance rehearsal
C) chunking
D) context-dependent memory

Accepted Answer

The method of loci (also known as the memory palace technique) involves mentally placing memorized items or information in specific locations in a familiar physical space, such as a shopping mall. By mentally picturing each store as you pass by it, you are using the method of loci to remember the route to the specific store. Maintenance rehearsal, chunking, and context-dependent memory do not apply in this scenario.

Question 2

The increased ability to retrieve memories that occurs when the encoding environment and the recall environment are the same is called
A) context-dependent memory.
B) state-dependent memory.
C) proactive interference.
D) retroactive interference.

Accepted Answer

Context-dependent memory refers to the improved ability to retrieve memories when the context of the encoding and recall environments match, such as remembering information better when studying in the same room where the information will be recalled. State-dependent memory, on the other hand, refers to improved memory retrieval when the individual's state (such as mood or level of intoxication) during encoding and retrieval match. Proactive and retroactive interference refer to situations where previously learned information interferes with the learning or recall of new information (proactive) or newly learned information interferes with the recall of previously learned information (retroactive).

Question 3

Carson tries to convince his instructor to give the final exam in the same room where the class is held because he learned that it would improve his chances of getting a better grade.
Which memory concept is Carson using?
A) state-dependent memory
B) context-dependent memory
C) flashbulb memory
D) episodic memory

Accepted Answer

Carson is using context-dependent memory, which refers to the phenomenon in which retrieval of information is improved when the context of the original learning is reinstated. In this case, Carson believes that taking the exam in the same room where he learned the material will help him better retrieve that information during the exam.

Question 4

Sleep disturbances interfere with the ________ of memories.
A) consolidation
B) misattribution
C) suggestibility
D) persistence

Accepted Answer

Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation, which is the process of strengthening and stabilizing memories after they have been formed. Without adequate sleep, the consolidation of memories can be disrupted, leading to difficulties in retaining and recalling information.

Question 5

When you are studying for an exam, the part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating and strengthening the connections among neurons is the
A) medial temporal lobe.
B) prefrontal cortex.
C) cerebellum.
D) hippocampus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When you are studying for an exam,...

Question 6

Ashley studies for her upcoming psychology exam while sitting on her sunny front porch. When she takes the exam in a dimly lit lecture hall, she does poorly on the exam. Which of the
Following could have influenced her ability to recall the necessary exam information?
A) context-dependent memory
B) flashbulb memory
C) proactive interference
D) suggestibility

Accepted Answer

Context-dependent memory refers to the phenomenon where remembering information is easier when the context or environment during retrieval matches the context or environment during encoding. In this case, Ashley studied in a sunny environment but took the exam in a dimly lit environment which did not match the environment during encoding, leading to difficulty in recalling necessary information.

Question 7

Whenever Mandy gets angry with her boyfriend, she easily remembers all of the other times she has been angry with him in the past. Mandy's ability to retrieve this information is most
Likely influenced by
A) suggestibility.
B) persistence.
C) state-dependent memory.
D) context-dependent memory.

Accepted Answer

Mandy's ability to recall past instances of anger when she is currently angry is an example of state-dependent memory, where the retrieval of information is enhanced when an individual is in the same state of consciousness or emotional state as when the memory was formed.

Question 8

If you study in the same room in which you take an exam, you will probably do better on the exam than if you had studied elsewhere. This outcome occurs because of ________ memory.
A) semantic
B) episodic
C) context-dependent
D) state-dependent

Accepted Answer

Context-dependent memory is the phenomenon where the context in which information is learned is encoded along with the information itself, and that context serves as a retrieval cue for that information later. So, when you study in the same room where you will be taking your exam, the context cues from that environment during studying are available during the exam and can aid in retrieval of the information that was learned.

Question 9

Inattention and the shallow encoding of events can often result in ________, which leads to forgetting.
A) absentmindedness
B) suggestibility
C) persistence
D) blocking

Accepted Answer

Inattention and shallow encoding of events can lead to absentmindedness, which is a common cause of forgetting.

Question 10

When Karl was a child, he loved to sit in his grandmother's kitchen watching her cook Italian food. Now, whenever he smells Italian food, he instantly remembers those childhood times.
For Karl, the smell of Italian food is a ________ for memories about his grandmother.
A) retrieval cue
B) suggestibility
C) mnemonic
D) method of loci

Accepted Answer

A retrieval cue is a trigger that helps to activate memories that are stored in our long-term memory. In this case, the smell of Italian food serves as a retrieval cue for memories of Karl's grandmother and watching her cook in her kitchen.

Question 11

A person who is unable to process memories with strong emotional content may have poor functioning in the
A) cerebellum.
B) amygdala.
C) temporal lobe.
D) prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is responsible for processing emotions and emotional memories. If someone is unable to process memories with strong emotional content, it may indicate dysfunction in the amygdala. Poor functioning in other areas, such as the cerebellum, temporal lobe, or prefrontal cortex, may not necessarily be associated with emotional memory processing.

Question 12

Recent research suggests that negative memories may be erased by
A) interfering with memory reconsolidation.
B) using mnemonics.
C) inducing retrograde amnesia.
D) inducing proactive interference.

Accepted Answer

Recent research has shown that negative memories can be weakened or even erased by interfering with memory reconsolidation, which is the process by which memories are updated and strengthened upon recall. This can be done through a variety of methods, including pharmacological interventions and behavioral interventions such as exposure therapy. Mnemonics, inducing retrograde amnesia, and inducing proactive interference are not effective methods for erasing negative memories.

Question 13

When Jon visits his grandmother's house, he always thinks about his childhood. Something about the way her house smells seems to trigger these memories. This is an example of ________ memory.
A) flashbulb
B) semantic
C) context-dependent
D) state-dependent

Accepted Answer

The smell of Jon's grandmother's house acts as a contextual cue, triggering memories of his childhood experiences there. This is an example of context-dependent memory, where environmental or contextual cues can enhance recall of information that was originally encoded in that context.

Question 14

Implicit procedural memories are stored in the part of the brain called the
A) temporal lobe.
B) hippocampus.
C) prefrontal cortex.
D) cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

Implicit procedural memories are memories that are not conscious but are memories of how to do things, such as riding a bike or tying a shoelace. These memories are stored in the cerebellum, which is responsible for coordinating voluntary movement and procedural learning. The other options listed (temporal lobe, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex) are involved in other types of memory storage and retrieval.

Question 15

Research has shown that the consolidation of memories
A) is aided by a good night's sleep.
B) occurs mainly in the cerebellum.
C) never changes the original memory.
D) is disrupted by retrograde amnesia.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that the consolidation of memories is aided by a good night's sleep. During sleep, the brain processes and consolidates memories, strengthening neural connections and allowing for better recall in the future. CHOICE B is incorrect because the consolidation of memories occurs mainly in the hippocampus, not the cerebellum. CHOICE C is incorrect because the consolidation of memories can sometimes alter the original memory as it is being processed and integrated into the brain's network of neural connections. CHOICE D is incorrect because retrograde amnesia affects the ability to recall memories from before the onset of amnesia, but it does not necessarily disrupt the consolidation of new memories.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an example of prospective memory?
A) Frank remembered to set his alarm for an important meeting the next day.
B) Kayla remembered that she needed to get milk after work.
C) Jordan remembered to return the book to the library by the due date.
D) Erin remembered that she had a lot of fun last Christmas.

Accepted Answer

Prospective memory refers to remembering to perform a planned action in the future, whereas remembering past events or experiences (as in option D) is not an example of prospective memory. Options A, B, and C all involve remembering to do something in the future, and are therefore examples of prospective memory.

Question 17

Explicit memories are stored in the part of the brain called the
A) cerebellum.
B) amygdala.
C) temporal lobe.
D) prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

Explicit memories, which are memories that can be consciously recalled, are primarily stored in the temporal lobe of the brain. This area is responsible for processing sensory information and integrating it into long-term memory.

Question 18

Samantha is looking outside her window when she sees a man stealing a bike from a bike rack located outside her apartment complex. When the police question her, Samantha might
Remember more details about the crime if she talks to the police
A) after she has had an alcoholic drink to calm down.
B) in a week, so she has time to think about the event.
C) the next morning, when she is in a more positive mood.
D) by the window where she watched the man steal the bike.

Accepted Answer

Samantha is more likely to remember details about the crime if she talks to the police while standing by the window where she watched the man steal the bike. This is because the context in which she witnessed the crime can help trigger specific memories and details about what she saw. A, B, and C are not ideal options as an alcoholic drink may impair her memory, waiting a week may cause her to forget important details, and being in a positive mood may not necessarily improve her memory retention of the event.

Question 19

The increased ability to retrieve memories that occurs when one's internal states during encoding and his or her internal states during recall match is called
A) context-dependent memory.
B) state-dependent memory.
C) proactive interference.
D) retroactive interference.

Accepted Answer

State-dependent memory refers to the phenomenon of recalling information better when in the same internal state during both encoding and recall. This can include things like mood, level of arousal, or even chemical states (i.e. being under the influence of a drug). Context-dependent memory, on the other hand, refers to the phenomenon of recalling information better when in the same external context during both encoding and recall. Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to remember newly learned information, and retroactive interference occurs when newly learned information interferes with the ability to remember previously learned information.

Question 20

Working memories are stored in the part of the brain called the
A) cerebellum.
B) amygdala.
C) temporal lobe.
D) prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

Working memories are stored in the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive functions such as planning, decision-making, and working memory. The other options are not associated with working memory storage.

Quiz 7: Memory

You remember how to get to a specific store in your local shopping mall by mentally picturing each store that you pass as you get to that store. You are employing which of the Following?

The increased ability to retrieve memories that occurs when the encoding environment and the recall environment are the same is called

Carson tries to convince his instructor to give the final exam in the same room where the class is held because he learned that it would improve his chances of getting a better grade. Which memory concept is Carson using?

Sleep disturbances interfere with the ________ of memories.

When you are studying for an exam, the part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating and strengthening the connections among neurons is the

Ashley studies for her upcoming psychology exam while sitting on her sunny front porch. When she takes the exam in a dimly lit lecture hall, she does poorly on the exam. Which of the Following could have influenced her ability to recall the necessary exam information?

Whenever Mandy gets angry with her boyfriend, she easily remembers all of the other times she has been angry with him in the past. Mandy's ability to retrieve this information is most Likely influenced by

If you study in the same room in which you take an exam, you will probably do better on the exam than if you had studied elsewhere. This outcome occurs because of ________ memory.

Inattention and the shallow encoding of events can often result in ________, which leads to forgetting.

When Karl was a child, he loved to sit in his grandmother's kitchen watching her cook Italian food. Now, whenever he smells Italian food, he instantly remembers those childhood times. For Karl, the smell of Italian food is a ________ for memories about his grandmother.

A person who is unable to process memories with strong emotional content may have poor functioning in the

Recent research suggests that negative memories may be erased by

When Jon visits his grandmother's house, he always thinks about his childhood. Something about the way her house smells seems to trigger these memories. This is an example of ________ memory.

Implicit procedural memories are stored in the part of the brain called the

Research has shown that the consolidation of memories

Which of the following is NOT an example of prospective memory?

Explicit memories are stored in the part of the brain called the

Samantha is looking outside her window when she sees a man stealing a bike from a bike rack located outside her apartment complex. When the police question her, Samantha might Remember more details about the crime if she talks to the police

The increased ability to retrieve memories that occurs when one's internal states during encoding and his or her internal states during recall match is called

Working memories are stored in the part of the brain called the