Question 1

Archaeological fraud perpetrated by __________,who was found to have planted artifacts at all of the 168 sites he excavated,may have had a serious impact on how we understand the Early Paleolithic in _________

Accepted Answer

Shinichi Fujimura was a Japanese archaeologist who was found to have planted artifacts at all 168 sites he excavated, leading to doubts about the authenticity of his findings and their impact on our understanding of the Early Paleolithic in Japan.

Question 2

NAGPRA,a significant piece of legislation passed in the United States in 1990,stands for

Accepted Answer

NAGPRA stands for Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which requires museums and federal agencies to return certain Native American cultural items to their respective tribes or descendants.

Question 3

According to NAGPRA,museums must return specific skeletons,sacred objects,and funerary goods to Native American groups if

Accepted Answer

According to NAGPRA, museums must return specific skeletons, sacred objects, and funerary goods to Native American groups if cultural affiliation linking the goods to the modern group can be shown. This means that the objects have to be proven to have a direct connection with the requesting Native American group.

Question 4

The name of this country comes from the name of an archaeological site

Accepted Answer

Zimbabwe is named after the ruined city of Great Zimbabwe, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its impressive stone structures that date back to the 11th century.

Question 5

The use of a star symbol that was once the emblem of Alexander the Great led to conflict between which two countries?

Accepted Answer

In 1992, Macedonia's new flag featured a star symbol that was also found on the emblem of Alexander the Great. Greece took issue with this, as they believed it implied a territorial claim over Greece's own region of the same name. This led to an ongoing dispute over the use of the name "Macedonia" and other symbols, with Greece arguing that the name and symbols belong exclusively to them. This conflict has strained the relationship between Greece and Macedonia for many years.

Question 6

Many Maori groups in New Zealand as well as some Native American groups prefer that human remains be________ instead of excavated by archaeologists

Accepted Answer

Many Maori and Native American groups believe that human remains should be left undisturbed and allowed to decay naturally as they consider them to be ancestors and there is a spiritual significance attached to their burial. This is also a way of showing respect for their culture and tradition.

Question 7

On numerous occasions the Greek Government has formally requested that this museum return the Parthenon Marbles to Athens

Accepted Answer

The Parthenon Marbles, also known as the Elgin Marbles, were taken from the Parthenon in Athens and brought to the British Museum in London by Lord Elgin in the early 19th century. The Greek government has repeatedly requested their return, arguing that they are part of Greece's cultural heritage. The other museums listed do not have the Parthenon Marbles in their collections.

Question 8

When a museum label fails to indicate where exactly an artifact on display came from,that is a good sign that

Accepted Answer

If a museum label fails to indicate where an artifact came from, it could be a sign that the object came from a looted site through illicit channels, and the museum may not want to reveal this information. Museums have ethical obligations to ensure that they are not displaying items that were obtained through theft or looting. Therefore, if the museum cannot provide a clear origin for an object, it may suggest that it was acquired illegitimately.

Question 9

The idea of a lost continent of Atlantis originally came from a story written by

Accepted Answer

The story of Atlantis was first mentioned by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato in his dialogues "Timaeus" and "Critias".

Question 10

Pseudoarchaeology is defined as

Accepted Answer

Pseudoarchaeology refers to the creation of false or exaggerated narratives about the past that often lack any scientific or archaeological evidence. This can include things like the promotion of mythical civilizations or the misuse of ancient artifacts to support modern political or religious agendas.

Question 11

An example of religious extremism leading to archaeological destruction,the giant Buddhas carved into the cliffs of Bamiyan were destroyed by

Accepted Answer

The giant Buddhas of Bamiyan were destroyed by the Taliban in 2001 as they considered them to be idolatrous and against Islamic teachings. This is an example of religious extremism leading to archaeological destruction.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of pseudoarchaeology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 13

In 1996 a human body radiocarbon dated to 9300 BP was found in Washington State: this find sparked a decade long battle between archaeologist and Native American groups,mostly because it was so very old.This body is known as

Accepted Answer

The human body found in Washington State that was radiocarbon dated to 9300 BP is known as Kennewick Man. The discovery sparked controversy and a legal battle between archaeologists and Native American groups because of its age and the question of ownership and cultural affiliation.

Question 14

In the not too distant past ancient and even modern Australian Aborigines were seen by scientists and researchers as

Accepted Answer

Historically, scientists and researchers often viewed Australian Aborigines as subjects for study rather than as partners or owners of cultural sites.

Question 15

Lord Elgin is best known for

Accepted Answer

Lord Elgin is best known for removing the Parthenon marbles from Athens and bringing them to the British Museum in London.

Question 16

There are certain areas where archaeological reality and evidence clashes with harmless popular belief,and archaeologists must question whether they should respect these beliefs or focus on refuting.An example of just such an ethically challenging situation is

Accepted Answer

When aboriginal and Indigenous religions or oral history are at odds with archaeological interpretation, it can create a tricky situation for archaeologists. On one hand, it is important to respect and acknowledge the cultural heritage and beliefs of these communities. On the other hand, archaeologists must adhere to scientific evidence-based interpretations. Therefore, it becomes a matter of respecting cultural diversity and reconciling conflicting ideas while also maintaining scientific integrity.

Question 17

Excavation of human burials is a complex ethical issue in archaeology because

Accepted Answer

Many modern and ancient cultures hold the belief that the disturbance of the dead is disrespectful and/or spiritually harmful. Archaeologists must be sensitive to these cultural beliefs and weigh them against the scientific value of excavating the burial.

Question 18

The science of morals is called

Accepted Answer

Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles and values. It examines what is morally right or wrong and how we ought to behave. Therefore, the science of morals is called ethics.

Question 19

It is important that archaeological information be disseminated to the wider public.Which of the following have been used by archaeologists to popularize the human past

Accepted Answer

Archaeologists have utilized various means to popularize the human past such as museum exhibits, the internet, and television shows. Therefore, the best choice is D, "all of the above."

Question 20

The reason the illegal excavation of antiquities is so devastating for archaeological research is

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are correct. Illegally excavated antiquities lack contextual information, as they are removed from their original archaeological context without documentation. Archaeological sites are often destroyed or damaged in the process of extracting these antiquities. There is no published record of the excavation, as it was conducted illegally. Finally, objects held in private collections are not always accessible for scientific research, making it difficult for archaeologists to study them and fully understand their context and significance.

Quiz 11: Archaeology and the Public

Archaeological fraud perpetrated by __,who was found to have planted artifacts at all of the 168 sites he excavated,may have had a serious impact on how we understand the Early Paleolithic in _