Question 1

In the experiment by Spencer and others (2005)in which two sensory neuropathy patients were compared to control participants,the repetitive circles drawn by the patients were:

Accepted Answer

The experiment found that the circles drawn by the sensory neuropathy patients were different in size and shape from the circles drawn by the control participants, indicating a sensory impairment affecting their fine motor skills.

Question 2

When you walk across a street,the optical variable tau influences the initiation of your leg movement to step up onto the curb on the basis of the:

Accepted Answer

The optical variable tau is a measure of the time-to-contact between an individual and an object, such as the curb in this scenario. As the tau decreases, the individual perceives that they are approaching the curb at a faster rate and will adjust their movements accordingly. Therefore, the amount of time remaining to contact the curb, as measured by tau, will influence the initiation of the leg movement.

Question 3

Proprioceptors are not found in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors are not found in bones. They are specialized sensory receptors found in muscles, tendons, and joints that provide information about body position, movement, and muscle tension.

Question 4

The procedure in which a person's body parts are masked on film or video frames so that they cannot be seen by an observer is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Event occlusion procedure refers to the technique of using masks to hide certain body parts on film or video frames. This is commonly used in research on sports, human movement, and perception to study specific aspects of performance. Temporal occlusion procedure involves removing certain frames of a video to test an individual's ability to anticipate the outcome of the action or event. Anticipation timing procedure involves altering the timing of an event or action to examine how it affects performance. Perturbation procedure involves introducing a disturbance or disturbance to a task to investigate how individuals adapt or respond to the change.

Question 5

Although researchers have reported various findings,the most reasonable estimate of the amount of time required for visual feedback to enable a movement correction during the performance of a simple manual aiming task is:

Accepted Answer

Various studies have reported different estimates of the time required for visual feedback to enable a movement correction during a simple manual aiming task. However, the most reasonable estimate based on current research is between 100 and 160 milliseconds (ms). This is in line with the time it takes for visual information to be processed and integrated into motor commands for movement corrections. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Question 6

The neural aspects of vision begin in which part of the eye?

Accepted Answer

The retina is the only layer of neural tissue in the eye, meaning it contains the specialized nerve cells, or neurons, that translate visual information into electrical signals that are sent to the brain for processing. The other parts of the eye, such as the lens, pupil, and cornea, play important roles in focusing and directing light onto the retina, but they are not directly involved in the neural processing of visual information.

Question 7

If you want to rapidly move the cursor on your computer screen to an icon,when during the movement of the cursor would you shift your visual point of gaze to the icon?

Accepted Answer

Just before the cursor reaches the icon, shifting your gaze allows your brain to process the final location and adjust the movement accordingly for precise control.

Question 8

The opening in the eye that lets in light is the:

Accepted Answer

The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris that lets light enter the eye. The lens helps to focus the light onto the retina at the back of the eye, and the cornea is the clear outer layer that protects the eye and helps to bend the incoming light. The retina is the layer of cells at the back of the eye that contains the photoreceptor cells that detect light and transmit signals to the brain. However, none of these structures are the opening that lets in light, which is specifically the pupil.

Question 9

When you move your arm to reach and grasp a bottle of water that is in front of you on a table,which of the following parts of the movement would be affected if you did not have peripheral vision available?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When you move your arm to reach...

Question 10

Which of the following movement characteristics is influenced by tactile sensory information?

Accepted Answer

Tactile sensory information plays a crucial role in determining the accuracy with which an object can be grasped, hence making choice B the correct answer. Limb spatial position is influenced by proprioceptive sensory information, arm movement direction by visual and proprioceptive sensory cues, and movement speed by muscle activation patterns.

Question 11

People who type on a keyboard when their fingertips are anesthetized have problems with movement while typing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who type on a keyboard when...

Question 12

The greatest concentration of __________ sensory receptors is in the fingertips.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The greatest concentration of __________ sensory receptors...

Question 13

Although people can use monocular vision to reach and pick up objects,movement accuracy and efficiency decrease as the:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although people can use monocular vision to...

Question 14

According to the hypothesis that there are two visual systems for the control of movement,the visual system that processes visual information in peripheral vision is called the:

Accepted Answer

The visual system that processes visual information in peripheral vision is called the kinetic visual channel. This is one of the two visual systems for the control of movement according to the hypothesis. The other system is the foveal visual channel, which processes visual information in central vision. The static visual channel and feedback visual channel are not part of the hypothesis of two visual systems for the control of movement.

Question 15

Which methods have been used to assess the role of tactile sensory feedback in motor control?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which methods have been used to assess...

Question 16

The neural receptors in the skin that detect tactile sensory information are which type of receptors?

Accepted Answer

The receptors in the skin that detect tactile and pressure sensory information are the mechanoreceptors. Chemoreceptors detect chemicals, proprioceptors detect body position and movement, and photoreceptors detect light.

Question 17

The procedure in which a film simulation of a skilled performance is stopped and the person is asked to indicate the outcome of the performance is known as the:

Accepted Answer

The procedure described in the question is known as temporal occlusion procedure, which involves stopping the film simulation at specific points and asking the person to indicate the outcome. Option A, event occlusion procedure, involves completely removing a critical event from a sequence to test the observer's ability to perceive and recall the event that has been removed. Option C, anticipation timing procedure, involves measuring a person's ability to anticipate the timing of an event before it occurs. Option D, perturbation procedure, involves introducing a disturbance or unexpected change in a skilled performance to test the person's ability to adapt and maintain performance. None of these options accurately describe the procedure in the question.

Question 18

In the Lee and Aronson "moving room" experiment,in which the walls moved but the floor did not,which of the following describes what the children did?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is B as the children made postural adjustments according to the wall movements. This experiment was to study the adaptation of the vestibular system, and the results showed that children could quickly adapt to the moving environment and maintain their balance by adjusting their postures. They did not stand still or laugh, so options A and C can be eliminated. Option D is incorrect as it includes options that did not occur.

Question 19

Which of the following receptors provides information about muscle tension or force?

Accepted Answer

Golgi tendon organs are located at the junctions of tendons and muscle fibers and detect muscle tension or force. They provide information about the amount of tension being generated within the muscle, which helps regulate muscle contraction and prevent damage to the muscle or tendon. Muscle spindles, on the other hand, provide information about changes in muscle length and are involved in reflexes that help maintain posture and balance. Joint receptors provide information about joint position and movement, while extrafusal muscle fibers are the normal skeletal muscle fibers that generate force during muscle contraction.

Question 20

Which of the following techniques that researchers use to study the role of proprioception in motor control does not remove proprioceptive feedback but only distorts it?

Accepted Answer

Tendon vibration is a technique where the proprioceptive feedback is distorted but not completely removed. This is achieved by using a small vibration device that can stimulate the tendon and alter the feedback from the muscle spindles. Surgical deafferentation and sensory neuropathy are methods that remove proprioceptive feedback completely, while nerve block involves blocking the signals from specific nerves, which can also significantly reduce proprioceptive feedback.

Quiz 6: Sensory Components of Motor Control

In the experiment by Spencer and others (2005) in which two sensory neuropathy patients were compared to control participants,the repetitive circles drawn by the patients were: