Question 1

The term contralateral control refers to the fact that the:
A)two brain hemispheres have opposite functions.
B)flow of information in the brain is always left to right and not front to back.
C)left hemisphere perceives stimuli from and controls movement on the right side of the body.
D)functions of the left and right hemispheres are opposite in those who are left-handed.

Accepted Answer

Contralateral control refers to the fact that one hemisphere of the brain controls the opposite side of the body. In this case, the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body, and vice versa. This is why damage to the left hemisphere can result in deficits on the right side of the body, and vice versa.

Question 2

The smooth raised parts of the cerebral cortex are called:
A)gyri.
B)sulci.
C)commissures.
D)collosum.

Accepted Answer

Gyri are the smooth raised parts of the cerebral cortex. Sulci are the grooves or furrows between the gyri. Commissures are bundles of nerve fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain. Corpus callosum is the largest commissure in the brain.

Question 3

During times of stress,the pituitary gland secretes the hormone:
A)testosterone.
B)DMT.
C)oxytocin.
D)ACTH.

Accepted Answer

During times of stress, the pituitary gland secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol, a stress hormone that prepares the body to handle stress.

Question 4

Why do the wrinkles and folds of the cortex represent a triumph of evolution?
A)Wrinkles and folds allow for faster communication between neurons.
B)Because the outward appearance of the brain does not confer a competitive advantage in reproduction,no energy was spent correcting for the wrinkles and folds.
C)Wrinkles and folds decrease the amount of cortex material needed to process the same amount of information.
D)Wrinkles and folds increase brain surface area while still allowing it to fit inside the skull.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do the wrinkles and folds of...

Question 5

The sexually reproductive glands in females produce more _____ than they do _____.
A)estrogen;testosterone
B)testosterone;estrogen
C)oxytocin;testosterone
D)oxytocin;estrogen

Accepted Answer

The sexually reproductive glands in females are the ovaries, which produce more estrogen than testosterone. Estrogen plays a crucial role in female reproductive processes such as the development of the uterine lining, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics. Testosterone, on the other hand, is primarily produced by the testes in males and is responsible for male reproductive processes such as sperm production, muscle and bone development, and deepening of the voice.

Question 6

The left brain hemisphere receives sensory input from the _____ side of the body and sends motor commands to the _____ side of the body.
A)right;left
B)left;left
C)left;right
D)right;right

Accepted Answer

The answer of The left brain hemisphere receives sensory input...

Question 7

The sexually reproductive glands in males produce more _____ than they do _____.
A)estrogen;testosterone
B)testosterone;estrogen
C)oxytocin;testosterone
D)oxytocin;estrogen

Accepted Answer

The sexually reproductive glands in males, specifically the testes, produce more testosterone than they do estrogen. Estrogen is primarily produced in the female reproductive system. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.

Question 8

Military special forces in combat situations might be expected to have high levels of _____ circulating in their bloodstream.
A)melatonin
B)insulin
C)ACTH
D)oxytocin

Accepted Answer

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) is released by the pituitary gland in response to stress and stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol, a hormone that helps the body cope with stress. In combat situations, special forces personnel are likely under significant stress and thus would have high levels of ACTH and cortisol circulating in their bloodstream. Melatonin and oxytocin are not hormones associated with the stress response, and insulin levels would not be expected to increase in response to stress unless there was prolonged physical activity and digestion was delayed.

Question 9

In the last few years,Karen has been experiencing extremely low levels of sexual desire.Recent research indicates that Karen may have low levels of which hormone?
A)testosterone
B)estrogen
C)ACTH
D)oxytocin

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the last few years,Karen has been...

Question 10

Erin finds it terribly difficult establishing a regular sleep-wake cycle.Lately,she has been suffering from insomnia.In diagnosing the problem,a medical doctor might want to check the functioning of which gland(s)?
A)the thyroid gland
B)the pancreas
C)the adrenal glands
D)the pineal gland

Accepted Answer

The pineal gland is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle through the production of the hormone melatonin. Checking the functioning of the other glands listed would not necessarily relate to insomnia or the sleep-wake cycle.

Question 11

Which characteristic does NOT apply the cerebral cortex?
A)necessary for survival
B)outermost layer of the brain
C)divided into two hemispheres
D)visible to the naked eye

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is not necessary for immediate survival functions, such as breathing or heart rate regulation.

Question 12

The _____ is responsible for the most complex aspects of perception,emotion,movement,and thought.
A)hippocampus
B)amygdala
C)cerebral cortex
D)cerebellum

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is responsible for the most complex aspects of perception, emotion, movement, and thought. It plays a crucial role in functions such as attention, memory, perception, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. The hippocampus is responsible for forming and retrieving memories, the amygdala is responsible for processing emotions, and the cerebellum is responsible for voluntary movement and coordination.

Question 13

Which gland(s)is/are the sexually reproductive gland(s)in men?
A)the testosterone glands
B)the penis
C)the pineal gland
D)the testes

Accepted Answer

The testes are the sexually reproductive gland in men. They produce the hormone testosterone and also produce sperm.

Question 14

Suppose you observe an elderly patient with sudden paralysis in his left arm and left leg.What is your BEST guess about where a brain injury or stroke occurred?
A)right hemisphere
B)left hemisphere
C)cerebellum
D)cerebral cortex

Accepted Answer

The brain's right hemisphere controls the left side of the body, so sudden paralysis in the left arm and leg suggests an injury or stroke occurred in the right hemisphere.

Question 15

The indentations or fissures in the cerebral cortex are called:
A)gyri.
B)sulci.
C)commissures.
D)collosum.

Accepted Answer

Sulci are the indentations or fissures in the cerebral cortex, while gyri are the raised ridges between the sulci. Commissures refer to the connections between the two hemispheres of the brain, and collosum is not a valid term.

Question 16

The _____ is the LARGEST commissure connecting the two hemispheres of the brain.
A)corpus callosum
B)gyrus major
C)sulcus major
D)reticular formation

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is the largest commissure connecting the two hemispheres of the brain. It is a band of nerve fibers that allows for communication between the two hemispheres, allowing them to work together in coordination. Gyrus major and sulcus major are not actual structures in the brain, and the reticular formation is a complex network of neurons involved in various functions such as sleep, arousal, and attention.

Question 17

Gyrus is to sulcus as:
A)forebrain is to midbrain.
B)peak is to valley.
C)trough is to crest.
D)memory is to emotion.

Accepted Answer

A gyrus is a raised fold in the brain, while a sulcus is a groove or depression. Similarly, a peak is a raised point, while a valley is a depression. Thus, the relationship between gyrus and sulcus is analogous to the relationship between peak and valley.

Question 18

Which glands are the sexually reproductive glands in females?
A)the estrogen glands
B)the ovaries
C)the oxytocin glands
D)the testes

Accepted Answer

The ovaries are the sexually reproductive glands in females. They produce eggs and the hormones estrogen and progesterone. The estrogen glands and oxytocin glands are not specific to the reproductive system, and the testes are the sexually reproductive glands in males.

Question 19

When an infant suckles its mother's breast,the pituitary gland in the mother's brain secretes:
A)dopamine.
B)serotonin.
C)oxytocin.
D)ACTH.

Accepted Answer

When an infant suckles its mother's breast, the pituitary gland in the mother's brain secretes oxytocin. Oxytocin stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscle of the breast and helps milk to be released from the mammary gland.

Question 20

Which statement is TRUE about recent research investigating the relationship between sex hormones and sexual desire?
A)Low levels of testosterone are strongly associated with low levels of sexual desire in males but not females.
B)Low levels of testosterone are strongly associated with low levels of sexual desire in both males and females.
C)Low levels of estrogen are associated with low levels of sexual desire in females but not males.
D)Low levels of estrogen are associated with low levels of sexual desire in both males and females.

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that low levels of estrogen are associated with a decrease in sexual desire in females. While testosterone is commonly associated with male sexual desire, the relationship between testosterone and sexual desire in females is less clear. Therefore, option C is the only statement that is true based on recent research.

Quiz 3: Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

The term contralateral control refers to the fact that the:

The smooth raised parts of the cerebral cortex are called:

During times of stress,the pituitary gland secretes the hormone:

Why do the wrinkles and folds of the cortex represent a triumph of evolution?

The sexually reproductive glands in females produce more _ than they do _.

The left brain hemisphere receives sensory input from the _ side of the body and sends motor commands to the _ side of the body.

The sexually reproductive glands in males produce more _ than they do _.

Military special forces in combat situations might be expected to have high levels of _____ circulating in their bloodstream.

In the last few years,Karen has been experiencing extremely low levels of sexual desire.Recent research indicates that Karen may have low levels of which hormone?

Erin finds it terribly difficult establishing a regular sleep-wake cycle.Lately,she has been suffering from insomnia.In diagnosing the problem,a medical doctor might want to check the functioning of which gland(s) ?

Which characteristic does NOT apply the cerebral cortex?

The _____ is responsible for the most complex aspects of perception,emotion,movement,and thought.

Which gland(s) is/are the sexually reproductive gland(s) in men?

Suppose you observe an elderly patient with sudden paralysis in his left arm and left leg.What is your BEST guess about where a brain injury or stroke occurred?

The indentations or fissures in the cerebral cortex are called:

The _____ is the LARGEST commissure connecting the two hemispheres of the brain.

Gyrus is to sulcus as:

Which glands are the sexually reproductive glands in females?

When an infant suckles its mother's breast,the pituitary gland in the mother's brain secretes:

Which statement is TRUE about recent research investigating the relationship between sex hormones and sexual desire?