Question 1

Each of the following are possible perinatal causes of intellectual disabilities EXCEPT
A)rubella.
B)syphilis.
C)anoxia.
D)low birth weight.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each of the following are possible perinatal...

Question 2

A specific and characteristic behavior repertoire associated with a genetic or chromosomal disorder is a
A)genetic syndrome.
B)personality characteristic.
C)behavioral phenotype.
D)behavioral genotype.

Accepted Answer

A specific and characteristic behavior repertoire associated with a genetic or chromosomal disorder is called a behavioral phenotype. This includes patterns of behavior, communication, social interaction, and cognitive development that are frequently observed in individuals with the disorder. The term "genetic syndrome" is broader and encompasses not only the behavioral phenotype, but also the physical characteristics and other medical issues that may be associated with the disorder. "Personality characteristic" refers to an individual's enduring and distinctive pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving. "Behavioral genotype" is not a recognized term in genetics or psychology.

Question 3

In functional academics, academics are taught in the context of
A)daily living skills.
B)vocational settings.
C)community living.
D)simplified curricula.

Accepted Answer

In functional academics, the focus is on teaching academics in the context of daily living skills. This approach helps students with disabilities learn skills that are relevant to their everyday lives and promotes independence. Vocational settings and community living may be components of this approach, but the primary focus is on teaching academics in a functional way. Simplified curricula may be used, but the goal is to teach academic skills that are applicable to real-life situations.

Question 4

Pointing to an item while telling a student to pick it up is an example of
A)verbal prompt.
B)gestural prompt.
C)modeling.
D)physical prompt.

Accepted Answer

Pointing to an item is a gesture, therefore it is a gestural prompt. Verbal prompt involves verbal cues or instructions, modeling involves demonstrating the desired behavior, and physical prompt involves physically guiding or assisting the learner.

Question 5

People with intellectual disabilities are likely to believe they have little control over what happens to them and that they are primarily controlled by other people and events. This belief is
A)a lack of self-regulation.
B)due to their histories of failure.
C)due to locus of control.
D)a problem with gullibility.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with intellectual disabilities are likely to...

Question 6

Joe, a 15-year-old boy, performs about as well on an intelligence test as an average six-year-old. His IQ is about
A)25.
B)40.
C)60.
D)90.

Accepted Answer

Joe's IQ is calculated using the formula: IQ = (Mental Age / Chronological Age) * 100. In this case, his Mental Age is 6 and his Chronological Age is 15. Therefore, his IQ = (6 / 15) * 100 = 40.

Question 7

Which one of the following statements about intelligence tests is TRUE?
A)An individual's IQ score does not change from one testing to another.
B)All IQ tests are culturally biased to a certain extent.
C)The older the child, the less validity and reliability the test has.
D)IQ tests are ideal for assessing a person's ability to function in society.

Accepted Answer

While IQ tests may attempt to be culturally neutral, it is difficult to completely eliminate cultural biases. This makes answer choice B the most accurate statement. Answers A, C, and D are false. An individual's IQ score can change over time, but typically remains relatively stable. Older children and adults may actually score higher on IQ tests due to increased knowledge and experience. IQ tests may provide some insight into a person's ability to function in society, but they do not assess other important factors such as emotional intelligence or creativity.

Question 8

A person's awareness of what strategies are needed to perform a task, the ability to plan how to use the strategies, and the evaluation of how well the strategies are working is
A)metacognition.
B)self-regulation.
C)working memory.
D)perception.

Accepted Answer

Metacognition refers to a person's knowledge and understanding of their own cognitive processes, including their ability to plan, monitor, and evaluate their own thinking and problem-solving strategies. This includes knowing what strategies are needed for a task (such as using memory techniques when studying), planning how to use these strategies effectively, and evaluating how well they are working (such as realizing when a particular study technique is not helping to remember information). Self-regulation is also related to metacognition, as it involves the ability to control one's own behavior and thinking. Working memory and perception are not directly related to metacognition.

Question 9

Karen is trying to transfer control away from prompts to a more naturally occurring stimulus. She tells her daughter "Pick up your toys. Put them in that box [points to box]." Over the next few days, she will tell her daughter to pick up her toys, but will wait 10 seconds before telling her to put them in the box. This is an example of
A)progressive time delay.
B)timed response delay.
C)constant time delay.
D)intermittent time delay.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Karen is trying to transfer control away...

Question 10

The ability to keep information in mind while simultaneously doing another task is
A)working memory.
B)short-term memory.
C)long-term memory.
D)active memory.

Accepted Answer

The ability to keep information in mind while simultaneously performing another task is referred to as working memory. Short-term memory refers to the temporary storage of information, while long-term memory refers to the more permanent storage of information. Active memory is not a commonly used term in psychology.

Question 11

Research has consistently shown that students who are positively reinforced for correct responses
A)learn at the same rate.
B)exhibit more behavior problems.
C)learn at a faster rate.
D)exhibit fewer behavior problems.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that positive reinforcement for correct responses leads to faster learning rates in students. Additionally, this type of reinforcement has been linked to fewer behavior problems. Therefore, the correct choice is C.

Question 12

Each of the following is true regarding assessment of quality of life EXCEPT
A)It presents challenges because it depends on individual perceptions.
B)It should consider society's view of quality of life and an individual's level of satisfaction.
C)There are no assessments to use with Spanish-speaking populations.
D)The Life Experiences Checklist is considered to be more objective that the Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. There are several assessments available in Spanish for assessing quality of life.

Question 13

An infection of the covering of the brain that may be caused by a variety of bacterial and viral agents is
A)syphilis.
B)encephalitis.
C)meningitis.
D)spina bifida.

Accepted Answer

Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, which are the covering of the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by various bacterial and viral agents, such as meningococcal bacteria or the herpes simplex virus. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that can also affect the nervous system, but it does not typically cause meningitis. Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain often caused by a virus, but it does not specifically involve the meninges. Spina bifida is a birth defect affecting the development of the spinal cord, and is not related to meningitis.

Question 14

Research on classwide peer tutoring (CWPT)to help meet the instructional needs of students with mild mental retardation in inclusive settings shows that, compared to teacher-led instruction, CWPT resulted in each of the following EXCEPT
A)increased academic performance for all students.
B)increased amount of engaged academic time.
C)increased academic performance for the students with mild ID only.
D)positive acceptance from the teachers and students.

Accepted Answer

The research on classwide peer tutoring (CWPT) shows that CWPT resulted in increased academic performance for all students, increased amount of engaged academic time, and positive acceptance from the teachers and students. However, it did not necessarily result in increased academic performance for the students with mild ID only.

Question 15

Which statement is TRUE?
A)Instruction of daily living skills is more effective in a controlled classroom setting.
B)It is easier to hold instruction in classrooms than in real-life settings.
C)Instruction in daily living skills should not include instruction in classroom settings.
D)There is no benefit to using real products and money when teaching daily living skills.

Accepted Answer

While it might be more challenging to teach daily living skills in real-life settings due to logistics and safety concerns, classrooms offer a controlled environment where instruction can be more easily managed and tailored to the learners' needs. This does not negate the value of real-life practice but highlights the practical aspects of classroom instruction.

Question 16

The purpose of early intervention programs for children at risk for mild intellectual disabilities is
A)improving parents' teaching skills.
B)preventing intellectual disabilities or furthering development of children who have intellectual disabilities.
C)improving family financial status through job training for parents.
D)improving the quality of the children's medical care.

Accepted Answer

The purpose of early intervention programs for children at risk for mild intellectual disabilities is to prevent intellectual disabilities or further the development of children who have intellectual disabilities. The other options, improving parents' teaching skills, improving family financial status through job training for parents, and improving the quality of the children's medical care, may be included in some early intervention programs, but they are not the primary purpose.

Question 17

Using instructional prompts, consequences for performance, and strategies for transfer of stimulus control is called
A)community-based instruction.
B)functional instruction.
C)functional academics.
D)systematic instruction.

Accepted Answer

The use of instructional prompts, consequences for performance, and strategies for transfer of stimulus control is a hallmark of systematic instruction, which involves carefully planned and sequenced teaching procedures designed to promote skill acquisition and maintenance. Community-based instruction (A) involves teaching skills in natural settings, functional instruction (B) focuses on teaching skills that are practical and relevant to a person's daily life, and functional academics (C) involves teaching academic concepts in a functional context. While these approaches may incorporate elements of systematic instruction, they are not synonymous with it.

Question 18

How is adaptive behavior typically assessed?
A)A psychologist observes the student in the classroom.
B)The student is asked to perform a series of tasks.
C)A parent, teacher, or professional answers questions related to the student's behavior.
D)The teacher fills out a behavior rating form.

Accepted Answer

Adaptive behavior is typically assessed through the use of rating scales or interviews with parents, teachers, or professionals who are familiar with the individual's behavior. These sources can provide valuable information on the individual's ability to function independently in daily life. Direct observation and task performance may also be used in certain situations, but are not the preferred methods for assessing adaptive behavior.

Question 19

Joe tends to believe whatever he is told, even highly questionable statements or claims, despite any evidence. This tendency is
A)self-deception.
B)gullibility.
C)unreasonable trust.
D)learned helplessness.

Accepted Answer

Joe's tendency to believe highly questionable statements or claims despite any evidence suggests he is easily fooled or deceived, which is characteristic of being gullible. Self-deception refers to a deliberate or unconscious process of fooling oneself. Unreasonable trust implies trusting without any basis, whereas Joe does have a basis (the questionable statements or claims). Learned helplessness is a condition in which a person feels powerless to change their circumstances due to past experiences of failure or lack of control.

Question 20

Results from the Perry Preschool Project and the Abecedarian Project indicate that
A)special classes are the most effective placement.
B)most early intervention programs are ineffective.
C)high school performance is not affected by early intervention.
D)early intervention can reduce the rate of intellectual disabilities.

Accepted Answer

The Perry Preschool Project and the Abecedarian Project showed that early intervention can reduce the rate of intellectual disabilities, which supports option D. Option A is incorrect as the studies did not specifically show that special classes were the most effective placement. Option B is also incorrect as the studies showed that these particular early intervention programs were effective. Option C is also incorrect as the studies did not investigate the effects of early intervention on high school performance.

Quiz 5: Learners With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Each of the following are possible perinatal causes of intellectual disabilities EXCEPT

A specific and characteristic behavior repertoire associated with a genetic or chromosomal disorder is a

In functional academics, academics are taught in the context of

Pointing to an item while telling a student to pick it up is an example of

People with intellectual disabilities are likely to believe they have little control over what happens to them and that they are primarily controlled by other people and events. This belief is

Joe, a 15-year-old boy, performs about as well on an intelligence test as an average six-year-old. His IQ is about

Which one of the following statements about intelligence tests is TRUE?

A person's awareness of what strategies are needed to perform a task, the ability to plan how to use the strategies, and the evaluation of how well the strategies are working is

The ability to keep information in mind while simultaneously doing another task is

Research has consistently shown that students who are positively reinforced for correct responses

Each of the following is true regarding assessment of quality of life EXCEPT

An infection of the covering of the brain that may be caused by a variety of bacterial and viral agents is

Research on classwide peer tutoring (CWPT) to help meet the instructional needs of students with mild mental retardation in inclusive settings shows that, compared to teacher-led instruction, CWPT resulted in each of the following EXCEPT

Which statement is TRUE?

The purpose of early intervention programs for children at risk for mild intellectual disabilities is

Using instructional prompts, consequences for performance, and strategies for transfer of stimulus control is called

How is adaptive behavior typically assessed?

Joe tends to believe whatever he is told, even highly questionable statements or claims, despite any evidence. This tendency is

Results from the Perry Preschool Project and the Abecedarian Project indicate that