Question 1

Animals and fungi are more closely related to each other than either is to plants.

Accepted Answer

Molecular and evolutionary studies have shown that animals and fungi belong to the same supergroup, Opisthokonta, while plants belong to a separate supergroup, Archaeplastida. Therefore, animals and fungi share a closer common ancestor with each other than with plants.

Question 2

Fungus-like protists are more related to true fungi in the supergroup Opisthokonta than they are to members of any other supergroup.

Accepted Answer

Fungus-like protists, such as slime molds and water molds, are not closely related to true fungi. True fungi are in the supergroup Opisthokonta, while fungus-like protists belong to different supergroups, such as Amoebozoa for slime molds and Stramenopiles for water molds, indicating a convergent evolution rather than a close genetic relationship.

Question 3

Red algae,green algae,and plants are so closely related that they are grouped in the same supergroup by most biologists.

Accepted Answer

Red algae, green algae, and plants are all classified in the supergroup Archaeplastida because they share a common ancestor that acquired the ability to photosynthesize and produce oxygen through endosymbiosis with a cyanobacterium.

Question 4

Protists are organisms that are generally microscopic,live in moist environments,and cannot be classified in the animal,plant,or fungal kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

Protists are indeed generally microscopic, live in moist environments, and cannot be classified in the animal, plant, or fungal kingdoms. They are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that include amoebas, algae, and slime molds.

Question 5

Nitrogenase is the enzyme that is responsible for nitrogen fixation.In cyanobacteria,where is this enzyme likely to carry out nitrogen fixation?
A)Nucleus
B)Heterocyte
C)Plastid
D)Akinete

Accepted Answer

Heterocytes are specialized cells in cyanobacteria that are adapted to fix nitrogen. They have thick walls that protect nitrogenase from oxygen, which can inhibit its activity. Therefore, nitrogenase is likely to carry out nitrogen fixation in heterocytes.

Quiz 22: Microorganisms: The Archaea, Bacteria, and Protists

Animals and fungi are more closely related to each other than either is to plants.

Fungus-like protists are more related to true fungi in the supergroup Opisthokonta than they are to members of any other supergroup.

Red algae,green algae,and plants are so closely related that they are grouped in the same supergroup by most biologists.

Protists are organisms that are generally microscopic,live in moist environments,and cannot be classified in the animal,plant,or fungal kingdoms.

Nitrogenase is the enzyme that is responsible for nitrogen fixation.In cyanobacteria,where is this enzyme likely to carry out nitrogen fixation?