Which of the Following Is Not Integral to Superior Strategy

Which of the following is not integral to superior strategy execution and operating excellence?

A) Having real-time information systems that permit company managers to stay on top of implementation initiatives and daily operations and to intervene if things seem to be drifting off course.
B) Having state-of-the-art operating systems,information systems,and real-time data.
C) Having access to online systems that provide statistical information about operating activities.
D) Having the systems capability to identify and diagnose problems,so as to take corrective actions.
E) These are all integral pieces of the process of managing strategy execution and overseeing operations.