Quiz 8: Scheduling Resources and Costs
Business
Q 1Q 1
Delaying noncritical activities to lower peak demand on resources is known as resource
A)Shifting
B)Effectiveness
C)Manipulating
D)Resource smoothing
E)Allocation
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Multiple Choice
D Explanation: If resources are adequate but the demand varies widely over the life of the project, it may be desirable to even out resource demand by delaying noncritical activities (using slack) to lower peak demand and, thus, increase resource utilization.This process is called resource smoothing.
Q 2Q 2
If resources are not adequate to meet peak demands, the resulting reschedule is termed
A)Resource-constrained scheduling
B)Time-constrained scheduling
C)Mandatory leveling
D)Project resource adjustment
E)Allocation
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A Explanation: If resources are not adequate to meet peak demands, the late start of some activities must be delayed, and the duration of the project may be increased.This process is called resource-constrained scheduling.
Q 3Q 3
Which of the following is a potential consequence of failing to schedule limited resources?
A)Costly activity delays
B)Costly project delays
C)Difficulty in taking quick corrective action
D)Both A and B are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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E Explanation: The consequences of failing to schedule limited resources are a costly activity and project delays usually manifest themselves midway in the project when quick corrective action is difficult.
Q 4Q 4
When developing a new software package, the software must be designed, the code must be written, and the code must be tested.This is an example of a ______ constraint.
A)Physical
B)Technical
C)Resource
D)Schedule
E)Time
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Q 5Q 5
Which of the following is not one of the types of project constraints?
A)Physical
B)Technical
C)Resource
D)Time
E)All of these are types of project constraints
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Q 6Q 6
Sam the project engineer has been scheduled to run the product system test at the same time he is to build a marketing prototype.This is an example of a ______ constraint.
A)Physical
B)Technical
C)Resource
D)Scheduling
E)Time
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Q 7Q 7
Susan is to conduct environmental testing but the chamber cannot hold all the equipment that she wants to test.This is an example of a _________ constraint.
A)Physical
B)Technical
C)Resource
D)Scheduling
E)Time
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Q 8Q 8
All of the following are kinds of resource constraints except
A)Materials
B)People
C)Equipment
D)Information
E)All of the above are resource constraints
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Q 9Q 9
Sam is trying to order the concrete needed to continue his project.However, the supplier won't be able to deliver it until next week.This is an example of a _______ constraint.
A)Working capital
B)People
C)Equipment
D)Information
E)Materials
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Q 10Q 10
A special truck that George needs on his project has been scheduled on another project.This is a ______ constraint.
A)Working capital
B)People
C)Equipment
D)Information
E)Materials
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Q 11Q 11
Most of the scheduling methods available today require the project manager to classify the project as either _______ constrained or ______ constrained.
A)Time, quality
B)Quality, resource
C)Cost, time
D)Quality, cost
E)Time, resource
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Q 12Q 12
Regina's boss has told her that her project is very important.If the critical path is delayed, she will be given whatever she needs to get it back on schedule.Her project is ________ constrained.
A)Time
B)Quality
C)Cost
D)Performance
E)Resource
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Q 13Q 13
In reviewing the status of her project with top management, Shirley was told that there only were two programmers that she could use for her project.Her project is __________ constrained.
A)Time
B)Quality
C)Cost
D)Performance
E)Resource
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Q 14Q 14
All resource leveling techniques involve
A)Delaying noncritical activities
B)Delaying critical activities
C)Using negative slack
D)Both A and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 15Q 15
Scheduling time-constrained projects focuses on resource
A)Demands
B)Increases
C)Assumptions
D)Utilization
E)All are correct
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Q 16Q 16
The most widely used approach to apply heuristics, which have been found to consistently minimize project delay over a large variety of projects is the
A)Parallel method
B)Resource method
C)Materials
D)Both A and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 17Q 17
Resource leveling can provide
A)Lower peak demand
B)Reduced resource need over the life of the project
C)Reduced fluctuations in resource demand
D)Both A and B are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 18Q 18
Jan is trying to reallocate resources in a time-constrained project to create smoother resource utilization with a low level of risk.She should move to activities with the
A)Smallest duration
B)Least slack
C)Most slack
D)Lowest identification number
E)Highest cost
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Q 19Q 19
In a resource-constrained project, which of the following is most likely to be changed?
A)The completion date
B)The budget
C)Project quality
D)Both A and B are equally likely
E)A, B, and C are all equally likely
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Q 20Q 20
In a resource-constrained project, the first priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the
A)Smallest duration
B)Least slack
C)Most slack
D)Lowest identification number
E)Highest cost
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Q 21Q 21
In a resource-constrained project the second priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the
A)Smallest duration
B)Least slack
C)Most slack
D)Lowest identification number
E)Highest cost
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Q 22Q 22
The word Heuristics means
A)Resource constraints
B)Flexibility
C)The critical path changed
D)Parallel activities become sequential
E)Rule of thumb
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Q 23Q 23
Splitting an activity creates the following situation:
A)More people working on the same activity
B)There are possible startup and shutdown costs
C)A resource may be moved from one activity to another and then back
D)Both B and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 24Q 24
The U.S.Forest Service "snapshot from practice" illustrated the importance of
A)Time constraints
B)Resource constraints
C)Cost constraints
D)Both B and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 25Q 25
More common problems associated with managing multiproject resources include all of the following except
A)Inefficient resource utilization
B)Delays in one project cause delays in other projects
C)Reducing "downtime" created by lack of tasks to perform
D)Resource bottlenecks
E)All of these are common problems
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Q 26Q 26
When a company will reduce the number of projects they have to manage internally to only core projects and send noncritical projects to contractors and consulting firms this is called
A)Outsourcing
B)Redistribution of projects
C)Project allocation
D)Task sharing
E)Both B and D are correct
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Q 27Q 27
Which of the following is not one of the more common problems associated with scheduling multiproject resources?
A)Overall schedule slippage
B)Inefficient resource utilization
C)Resource bottlenecks
D)Both A and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 28Q 28
In a resource-constrained project the third priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the
A)Smallest duration
B)Least slack
C)Most slack
D)Lowest identification number
E)Highest cost
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Q 29Q 29
In the Botanical Garden example, which of the following was used to solve the resource problem?
A)Resource allocation
B)Smoothing resource demand
C)The parallel method
D)Both A and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 30Q 30
Project budgets are developed by time-phasing which of the following?
A)Resource schedules
B)Work packages
C)The network diagram
D)Both A and C are correct
E)A, B, and C are all correct
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Q 31Q 31
A project budget report is showing our project as spending $35,000 against a budgeted amount of $40,000.Which of the following is true?
A)We are spending less than we should for the project
B)We are doing a good job managing the project
C)We should check to see if all the bills have been paid
D)Both A and B are correct
E)We can't be sure how the project is going
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Q 32Q 32
Delaying noncritical activities to lower peak demand and, thus, increase resource utilization is called _______ leveling.
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Q 34Q 34
Having one person responsible for performing several activities, all due at the same time, is an example of a(n) ________ constraint.
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Q 35Q 35
Trying to renovate a ship compartment that is too small for more than one person is an example of a(n) ________ constraint.
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Q 36Q 36
A shortage of programmers to write software is an example of a(n) ________ type of resource constraint.
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Q 37Q 37
The shortage of computer chips to produce a circuit board is an example of a(n) ________ type of resource constraint.
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Q 38Q 38
If three copiers are needed to produce a final report on time and only two are available, the project is facing a(n) ________ type of resource constraint.
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Q 39Q 39
Hector wants to bring on another programmer to work on the project but the company does not have anyone who has the needed skills.Hector's project is facing a(n) ________ constraint.
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Q 40Q 40
In order that the new product is on the shelf for the Christmas buying season, the development of the new product would be classified as a(n) ________ constrained project.
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Q 41Q 41
Beth has two engineers assigned to her project and cannot get any more even if it means slipping the due date on her project.She is managing a(n) ________ constrained project.
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Q 42Q 42
All leveling techniques delay noncritical activities by using ________ to reduce peak demand.
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Q 43Q 43
Scheduling activities in a constrained project typically has ________ as the top heuristic rule.
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Q 44Q 44
The ________ is the most widely used approach to apply heuristic rules to scheduling activities in a constrained project.
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Q 45Q 45
When using the ________ scheduling technique, the work in an activity is interrupted to work on another activity and is then resumed at a later point in time.
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Q 46Q 46
In scheduling resource-constrained projects, _________ are typically used rather than optimum mathematical solutions.
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Q 47Q 47
In scheduling terms, ________ constrained means that project duration is fixed and resources are flexible.
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Q 48Q 48
In scheduling terms, ________ constrained means that a specific resource is fixed and the duration of the project is flexible.
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Q 49Q 49
Start-up and shutdown costs are major considerations when using the ________________ scheduling technique.
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Q 50Q 50
To deal with problems related to having several concurrent projects, companies are creating ________ to oversee the scheduling of resources across multiple projects.
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Q 51Q 51
Many companies are using ________ from contractors and consultants as a means of dealing with the peaks and valleys of resource allocation among projects.
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Q 52Q 52
The ______________ is the most widely used approach to apply heuristics in resource-constrained projects.
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Q 53Q 53
The ability to more efficiently manage the ebbs and flows of project work is one of the major driving forces behind ____________ today.
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Q 56Q 56
The sequence of (1) pour foundation, (2) build frame, and (3) cover roof is a type of physical constraint.
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Q 60Q 60
Resource Bottlenecks are one of the three more common problems encountered in managing multiproject resource schedules.
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Q 61Q 61
The inability to get more than two earth movers on a construction site at the same time is an example of a physical constraint.
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Q 63Q 63
Having too few programmers and too many engineers is an example of a people resource constraint.
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Q 64Q 64
If a project needs one earth-mover six months from now and the organization has four such machines, there is no equipment resource constraint.
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Q 67Q 67
To determine if a project is time-constrained or resource-constrained you would consult the project priority matrix.
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Q 69Q 69
All leveling techniques delay noncritical activities by using positive slack to smooth out the resource requirements.
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Q 71Q 71
Scheduling resource-constrained projects focuses on completing the project as soon as possible under the given constraints.
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Q 73Q 73
The top priority in using heuristics to allocate scare resources is those activities with the smallest duration.
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True False
Q 74Q 74
The critical path in a resource-constrained schedule can be a group of disjointed, unconnected activities.
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Q 75Q 75
Splitting is a scheduling technique used to get a better schedule or better resource utilization.
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Q 77Q 77
Many companies are using outsourcing as a means for dealing with their resource allocation problems associated with managing multiproject resources.
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Q 79Q 79
What is the difference in project goals when using resource leveling on time-constrained projects and using it on resource-constrained projects?
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Q 84Q 84
Why would a project manager use heuristics rather than a mathematical solution to level resources?
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Q 85Q 85
What are the three most common heuristics (in order of priority) used to allocate resources to project activities?
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Q 86Q 86
Describe the parallel method for applying heuristics to the allocation of project resources.
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Q 88Q 88
Identify and briefly discuss the three more common problems encountered in managing multiproject resource schedules.
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Q 90Q 90
If your project has spent $50,000 versus a budget of $45,000 and it is a week ahead of schedule, is it a certainty that your project is doing well?
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