Question 1

Tom's new girlfriend, Elise, has a habit of biting her nails. This did not bother Tom when he first met her, but it is beginning to annoy him more and more with each passing day. Tom is starting to think that this is a sign that Elise might just not be the right person for him. What would a social psychologist say?
A) It is actually normal to be increasingly annoyed by a partner's habits-a phenomenon known as the social allergy effect.
B) It is actually normal to be increasingly annoyed by a partner's habits-a phenomenon known as the bad apple effect.
C) It is actually normal to be increasingly LESS annoyed by a partner's habits-something known as the social inoculation effect.
D) It is actually normal to be increasingly LESS annoyed by a partner's habits-something known as the relationship immunity effect.

Accepted Answer

According to the social allergy effect, small irritating behaviors that a partner displays can become increasingly annoying as the relationship progresses, potentially leading to dissatisfaction or even breakup. Therefore, it is normal for Tom to become increasingly annoyed by Elise's nail-biting habit over time.

Question 2

In a well-known study conducted in the 1950s, social psychologist Leon Festinger and colleagues analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in one of the dormitories at MIT. Festinger et al.'s results were most consistent with the ____.
A) propinquity effect
B) matching hypothesis
C) reciprocity effect
D) social allergy effect

Accepted Answer

Festinger and colleagues' study analyzed friendship patterns based on physical proximity, which is consistent with the propinquity effect. The other options, such as the matching hypothesis and reciprocity effect, focus on other factors that were not the primary focus of the study. The social allergy effect is not relevant to this study at all.

Question 3

According to the Money Matters feature in your text, women tend to rate men's attractiveness based on ____.
A) waist-to-hip ratio alone
B) income alone
C) both waist-to-hip ratio and income, but income was more important
D) both waist-to-hip ratio and income, but waist-to-hip ratio was more important

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the Money Matters feature in...

Question 4

Research on clothing and attractiveness indicates that ____.
A) men who are dressed expensively are trying to show off their bodies as sex objects
B) men who are dressed expensively are rated as effeminate
C) men who are dressed expensively are trying to display wealth and status
D) men who are dressed inexpensively are rated the most masculine

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men who dress expensively are perceived as having higher status and wealth, which can be attractive to potential mates. Dressing inexpensively does not necessarily make a man more masculine.

Question 5

According to research on online dating services, which profile will Sarah find most attractive?
A) Jack, who is 5 feet tall and makes $100,000
B) Sam, who is 6 feet two inches tall, and makes $20,000
C) Quentin, who is 5 feet 8 inches tall and makes $170,000
D) David, who is 5 feet 2 inches tall and makes $180,000

Accepted Answer

According to the information given, Sarah is likely to be most attracted to Quentin, who is 5 feet 8 inches tall and makes $170,000. This is because research has shown that women tend to prefer men who are taller than them, but not necessarily extremely tall. Additionally, women are often attracted to men who are financially successful, and $170,000 is a high income compared to the other options given.

Question 6

According to the so-called "what is beautiful is good" effect, people tend to assume that physically attractive people are ____.
A) similar to them in terms of interests and general likeability
B) similar to them in terms of attractiveness
C) superior to others in terms of moral character
D) superior to others in terms of a wide range of factors-intelligence, popularity, sexual warmth, etc.

Accepted Answer

The "what is beautiful is good" effect implies that people tend to assume physically attractive individuals are superior to others in various aspects such as intelligence, popularity, sexual warmth, and other traits. This assumption is not limited to moral character but extends to a wide range of factors. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 7

Suppose that Anya lives near Duane, and tends to run into him a lot. And suppose that she lives farther away from Leroy, and runs into him less often. Research suggests that ____.
A) Anya is more likely to become friends with Duane, but no more likely to become enemies with one guy rather than the other.
B) Anya is more likely to become friends with Duane, AND more likely to become enemies with Duane.
C) Anya is more likely to become friends with Duane, AND more likely to become enemies with Leroy.
D) Anya is no more likely to become friends with one guy rather than the other, but she is more likely to become enemies with Leroy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that Anya lives near Duane, and...

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE about how waist-to-hip ratio affects judgments of attractiveness?
A) Men tend to prefer women with a ratio of .7, but women tend to not make judgments about men's attractiveness on this basis.
B) Men tend to prefer women with a ratio of .9, but women tend to not make judgments about men's attractiveness on this basis.
C) Men tend to prefer women with a ration of .7, but women tend to prefer men with a ratio of .9.
D) Both men and women prefer a ratio of .9.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is TRUE about...

Question 9

Social psychological research suggests that, when a person goes out on a date, the best predictor of that person's enjoyment of the date is ____.
A) how physically attractive the date is
B) how similar the date is in terms of basic demographic characteristics
C) how similar the date is in terms of values and attitudes
D) how much interest and attentiveness the date expresses

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social psychological research suggests that, when a...

Question 10

The mere exposure effect is probably an important part of the ____.
A) propinquity effect
B) matching hypothesis
C) reciprocity effect
D) "what is beautiful is good" effect

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect refers to the phenomenon where people tend to develop a preference for things or people that they are familiar with or have been exposed to before. This effect plays an important role in the propinquity effect, which is the tendency for people to form relationships with those who are geographically close to them. When people are exposed to others on a regular basis due to proximity, their preference for those individuals can increase due to the mere exposure effect.

Question 11

Suppose that Michelle has just gone out on a first date with a classmate, Ivan, and is deciding whether to go out on a second date. Which of the following is the best predictor of her decision?
A) How physically attractive she thinks Ivan is
B) How similar she thinks Ivan and she are, in terms of attitudes and values
C) How much future earning potential she thinks Ivan has
D) How much she thinks Ivan likes her

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that Michelle has just gone out...

Question 12

Compared to people who are not physically attractive, people who are physically beautiful are assumed to be superior on many traits-including intelligence, sexual warmth, and popularity. This assumption is known as the ____.
A) Hollywood heuristic
B) "what is beautiful is good" effect
C) social allergy effect
D) beauty factor

Accepted Answer

The "what is beautiful is good" effect is a cognitive bias where people assume that those who are physically attractive also possess other desirable traits, such as intelligence, kindness, and popularity. This bias has been demonstrated in research studies and is often seen in media representations of attractive individuals.

Question 13

Suppose that Person X and Person Y live close to one another, and run into one another nearly every day. Compared to most people, their chances of becoming friends are ____ and their chances of becoming enemies are ____.
A) higher; much higher still
B) higher; about as high
C) higher; average
D) higher; lower

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that Person X and Person Y...

Question 14

In a well-known study conducted in the 1950s, social psychologist Leon Festinger and colleagues analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in one of the dormitories at MIT. The researchers found that strongest predictor of friendship was ____.
A) how extraverted the students were
B) similarity in terms of hobbies and activities
C) similarity in terms of basic demographics (age, gender, being single versus married, etc.)
D) how close the students lived to one another

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a well-known study conducted in the...

Question 15

Based on the research presented in the Money Matters feature in your text, which of the following statements about womens' ratings of attractiveness of men is most accurate?
A) Women always prefer taller men.
B) Women prefer taller men, but higher income can make up for lack of height.
C) Women do not look at height or income when they judge how attractive a man is.
D) Women always prefer heftier men to thin men.

Accepted Answer

The research presented in the Money Matters feature suggests that women generally prefer taller men, but higher income can make up for lack of height. This is based on studies that have found a correlation between a man's height and his attractiveness to women, but also found that this effect can be mitigated or even reversed when a man has a higher income. There is no evidence to suggest that women always prefer taller or heftier men, or that they don't consider height or income when judging a man's attractiveness.

Question 16

The term "social allergy effect" refers to the tendency ____.
A) to repel, or turn off, others
B) to find social situations anxiety-provoking
C) to find a particular person annoying or disagreeable
D) to become increasingly irritated by a partners' habits over time

Accepted Answer

The "social allergy effect" describes how minor annoyances or habits of a partner can become increasingly irritating over time, leading to greater dissatisfaction in the relationship.

Question 17

Familiarity and repeated exposure can sometimes make bad things worse. What does this idea best illustrate?
A) The bad apple effect
B) The social allergy effect
C) The overexposure effect
D) The propinquity effect

Accepted Answer

The social allergy effect is the idea that negative reactions to one person can spread to others who are associated or similar to that person, leading to a general feeling of dislike or negativity towards a group. This can happen with repeated exposure to the initial negative stimulus.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the preferences that people show for physically attractive people?
A) Adults, children, and even babies seem to show such preferences across a variety of circumstances.
B) People show such preferences across a variety of circumstances, but these preferences do not appear to emerge until late childhood.
C) Both adults and children show such preferences when selecting friends, but adults are more even-handed (and do not show preferences for attractive people) when it comes to work-related activities.
D) Both adults and children show such preferences across a variety of circumstances, but only if they are moderately attractive or highly attractive themselves.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that people across all ages, including adults, children, and even infants, tend to show a preference for physically attractive individuals in a variety of situations. These preferences have been observed in a range of contexts, including mate selection, hiring decisions, and social interactions. Therefore, option A is the most accurate statement.

Question 19

Research on body shape and standards for beauty indicates that ____.
A) in general, the inverted triangle shape is seen as most attractive in men and women
B) across cultures, the standard of beauty is nearly identical
C) within cultures, the standard of beauty across time is very stable
D) in general, the hourglass shape is seen as most attractive in both men and women

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research on body shape and standards for...

Question 20

Suppose that you meet a friend of a friend named Roger who is strikingly attractive, well-groomed, and well-mannered. And suppose that you immediately assume that Roger "has it together." That is to say, he is smart, talented and successful, and he likely has a great social and romantic life as well. If so, you would be showing evidence of the ____.
A) Hollywood heuristic
B) "what is beautiful is good" effect
C) social allergy effect
D) beauty factor

Accepted Answer

The "what is beautiful is good" effect is the tendency for people to assume that attractive people possess other desirable traits, such as intelligence and competence, based solely on their physical appearance. Therefore, assuming that Roger is successful and well-liked because of his good looks is an example of this effect.

Quiz 11: Attraction and Exclusion

In a well-known study conducted in the 1950s, social psychologist Leon Festinger and colleagues analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in one of the dormitories at MIT. Festinger et al.'s results were most consistent with the ____.

According to the Money Matters feature in your text, women tend to rate men's attractiveness based on ____.

Research on clothing and attractiveness indicates that ____.

According to research on online dating services, which profile will Sarah find most attractive?

According to the so-called "what is beautiful is good" effect, people tend to assume that physically attractive people are ____.

Suppose that Anya lives near Duane, and tends to run into him a lot. And suppose that she lives farther away from Leroy, and runs into him less often. Research suggests that ____.

Which of the following is TRUE about how waist-to-hip ratio affects judgments of attractiveness?

Social psychological research suggests that, when a person goes out on a date, the best predictor of that person's enjoyment of the date is ____.

The mere exposure effect is probably an important part of the ____.

Suppose that Michelle has just gone out on a first date with a classmate, Ivan, and is deciding whether to go out on a second date. Which of the following is the best predictor of her decision?

Compared to people who are not physically attractive, people who are physically beautiful are assumed to be superior on many traits-including intelligence, sexual warmth, and popularity. This assumption is known as the ____.

Suppose that Person X and Person Y live close to one another, and run into one another nearly every day. Compared to most people, their chances of becoming friends are and their chances of becoming enemies are .

In a well-known study conducted in the 1950s, social psychologist Leon Festinger and colleagues analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in one of the dormitories at MIT. The researchers found that strongest predictor of friendship was ____.

Based on the research presented in the Money Matters feature in your text, which of the following statements about womens' ratings of attractiveness of men is most accurate?

The term "social allergy effect" refers to the tendency ____.

Familiarity and repeated exposure can sometimes make bad things worse. What does this idea best illustrate?

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the preferences that people show for physically attractive people?

Research on body shape and standards for beauty indicates that ____.