Question 1

A friend of yours is a law student interested in thinking of ways that minimize erroneous conclusions.She knows that you are studying this topic for your psychology class and asks you to explain to her some of the most common reasoning errors.What would you tell her?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A friend of yours is a law...

Question 2

Evolutionary psychologists note that some behaviors we see today were likely adaptive in the past even if they no longer are (e.g. ,propensity to like high-fat foods).In our lives we face some new evolutionary pressures.What new social heuristics or biases would benefit decision making in the modern man?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evolutionary psychologists note that some behaviors we...

Question 3

How can deciding on a college or graduate school be an example of subjective utility theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can deciding on a college or...

Question 4

Describe the Wason selection task and describe participants' typical responses during this task (e.g. ,what do they tend to do right,what do they tend to overlook).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the Wason selection task and describe...

Question 5

Discuss the various advantages and disadvantages of say having the government using the Rule-Based System to justify all decisions made from various perspectives (e.g. ,economic responsibility,social responsibility,etc. ).What would be the advantages and disadvantages? Would this make our government more efficient (effective)or less efficient (effective)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the various advantages and disadvantages of...

Question 6

Give a real-world example of the representativeness heuristic not found in the textbook.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give a real-world example of the representativeness...

Question 7

Explain each of the six symptoms of group think.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain each of the six symptoms of...

Question 8

Apply the concepts satisficing and elimination by aspects to a few examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Apply the concepts satisficing and elimination by...

Question 9

Define modus ponens,modus tollens,denying the antecedent,and affirming the consequent arguments.Give examples of each to show the distinctions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define modus ponens,modus tollens,denying the antecedent,and affirming...

Question 10

Compare and contrast inductive and deductive reasoning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast inductive and deductive reasoning....

Question 11

Create a test that will measure students' knowledge of the difference between confirmation bias and hindsight bias.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create a test that will measure students'...

Question 12

Define subjective utility and give an example demonstrating how it can differ from objective measures of utility.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define subjective utility and give an example...

Question 13

For categorical syllogisms,what are the differences between universal and particular arguments?

Accepted Answer

The answer of For categorical syllogisms,what are the differences between...

Question 14

How has the evolutionary approach been applied to reasoning? Describe its application to inferences in social situations and explain how the ability to make these particular inferences could benefit the species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How has the evolutionary approach been applied...

Question 15

Take the six symptoms of group think and discuss different methods (safeguards)that one could use to decrease the likelihood of this happening.Presenting this information in an example may be helpful.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Take the six symptoms of group think...

Question 16

Develop an analogy to capture the relationship between inductive and deductive reasoning.Explain how it satisfies the criteria of an analogy and also the relationships between the terms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Develop an analogy to capture the relationship...

Question 17

Compare and contrast the following items: take-the-best heuristic,fast-and-frugal heuristic,and pragmatic reasoning schemas.What do these say overall about problem solving?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the following items: take-the-best...

Question 18

The section "Alternative View of Reasoning" in the textbook describes two complementary systems of reasoning.Describe and discuss how each system would respond to the same problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The section "Alternative View of Reasoning" in...

Question 19

What is subjective probability and how does use of it during decision making differ from the assumptions made in the model of the economic man and woman?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is subjective probability and how does...

Quiz 12: Decision Making and Reasoning