Question 1

You must learn _______________________ to let your clients know that you are tracking and understanding them-that you are completely paying attention.
A) conversational skills
B) basic attending skills
C) responding skills
D) tracking skills
E) structuring skills

Accepted Answer

Basic attending skills include techniques such as making eye contact, nodding, using appropriate facial expressions, and summarizing what the client has said. These skills demonstrate that you are fully present and actively listening to the client. Tracking skills (D) refer to the ability to follow the client's thoughts and feelings throughout a conversation, and while important, are a subset of attending skills. Conversational skills (A), responding skills (C), and structuring skills (E) are all important aspects of effective communication, but do not specifically address the need to convey that you are paying attention to the client.

Question 2

In a counseling context, ___________________ is the manner in which people manage the information, ideas, and material they receive.
A) process
B) content
C) input/output
D) structuring
E) none of the above

Accepted Answer

In counseling, the way people process or deal with the information they receive is crucial. This involves their cognitive and emotional reactions, interpretation of the information, and how they integrate it into their existing belief system. The other options (B, C, D, E) are not as accurate in describing this concept.

Question 3

___________________________ is the concrete information exchanged between individuals. It is the overt ideas and material that people discuss in counseling.
A) Process
B) Content
C) Psychobabble
D) Jargon
E) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Content refers to the tangible information that is communicated in a counseling session, such as thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Process, on the other hand, refers to the way in which the content is communicated and the dynamics of the relationship between the counselor and client. Psychobabble and jargon refer to language that can be confusing or unintelligible to some individuals, and are not necessarily directly related to the content or process of counseling.

Question 4

______________ is any element that interferes with the communication process; the success of communication is determined by the degree to which it is overcome or controlled.
A) Input
B) Output
C) Noise
D) Content
E) Process

Accepted Answer

Noise refers to any disturbance or interruption during communication that interferes with the message being transmitted. Noise can occur in various forms such as physical noise (external sounds), semantic noise (language barriers), physiological noise (illness or hearing problems), psychological noise (emotions or biases), and more. The success of communication depends on how effectively noise is overcome or controlled.

Question 5

In order to be an effective counselor, you must:
A) know what is happening within yourself.
B) clarify your own wants, needs, and desires.
C) be able to read the minds of your clients and know exactly what they are thinking.
D) all of the above.
E) both a and b

Accepted Answer

To be an effective counselor, it is important to have self-awareness and understand your own wants, needs, and desires in order to avoid projecting personal issues onto clients. However, it is not possible to read the minds of clients and know exactly what they are thinking. Therefore, the best answer is E, which includes both a and b.

Question 6

Which of the following are cited in the text as ways to increase self-awareness?
A) Through introspection
B) Through self-perception
C) Through feedback
D) Through social comparison
E) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above methods are mentioned in the text as ways to increase self-awareness. Introspection is about reflecting inwardly on one's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Self-perception is about observing and interpreting one's own behaviors, and feedback is about receiving input from others about one's behaviors. Social comparison involves comparing oneself to others to gain insight into one's own abilities or traits.

Question 7

When you see rigidity in your client's posture or the tightening of his or her fists, you are being observant of his or her:
A) personal space.
B) physical appearance.
C) kinesthetic activity.
D) athletic prowess.
E) potential for having a psychotic break.

Accepted Answer

Rigidity in posture and tightening of fists are physical indications of increased muscular tension, which falls under the category of kinesthetic activity. Kinesthetic activity refers to the awareness of bodily movement, posture, and tension in muscles.

Question 8

__________________ occurs when the counselor experiences "positive or negative wishes, fantasies, and feelings that the counselor unconsciously directs or transfers to the client, stemming from his or her own unresolved conflicts."
A) Transference
B) Countertransference
C) Sublimation
D) Repression
E) Depersonalization

Accepted Answer

Countertransference occurs when the counselor's own unresolved conflicts are unconsciously directed or transferred to the client, resulting in positive or negative wishes, fantasies, and feelings. Transference, on the other hand, occurs when the client projects feelings and emotions onto the counselor based on their past experiences. Sublimation is a defense mechanism where an individual redirects unacceptable impulses into more socially acceptable actions. Repression is a defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously blocks out unacceptable thoughts or memories. Depersonalization is a dissociative disorder where an individual experiences a detachment from themselves and their surroundings.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a specific type of countertransference identified in the text?
A) Issue-specific
B) Stimulus-specific
C) Response-specific
D) Trait-specific
E) Client-specific

Accepted Answer

Response-specific is not a recognized type of countertransference; the others are specific types identified in psychological literature.

Question 10

Egan describes the essential nonverbal behavior counselors can employ at the beginning of counseling using the acronym:
A) SOLER.
B) WDEP.
C) RIASEC.
D) COLA.
E) EGAN.

Accepted Answer

The acronym that Egan describes for essential nonverbal behavior counselors can employ at the beginning of counseling is SOLER, which stands for Squarely facing the client, Open posture, Leaning forward, Eye contact, and Relaxed demeanor. This acronym is a helpful reminder for counselors to use nonverbal behavior that is welcoming and attentive to clients.

Question 11

To attend to another is to give yourself entirely to being with that person without distraction either physically or psychologically.

Accepted Answer

Attending to another requires giving your full focus and undivided attention to that person. This means being present in the moment with them, and not allowing external distractions or internal thoughts to hinder the quality of the interaction.

Question 12

Sublimation occurs when a person unconsciously reenacts a latter-day version of forgotten childhood memories and repressed unconscious fantasies.

Accepted Answer

Sublimation refers to the process of channeling unacceptable impulses or desires into socially acceptable actions or behaviors, not the reenactment of forgotten childhood memories or fantasies.

Question 13

To earn respect means the counselor must be genuine in the relationship.

Accepted Answer

Genuine openness, honesty, and empathy are essential qualities for building the respect of clients. Only when clients feel that you genuinely care about them and are vested in their well-being will they begin to trust you and respect your expertise.

Question 14

Acceptance in counseling means approval of all behaviors, even if they are inappropriate or dangerous.

Accepted Answer

Acceptance in counseling does not mean approval of all behaviors, even if they are inappropriate or dangerous. Instead, it means acknowledging and validating the client's experiences and feelings without passing judgment, while still working towards necessary changes in behavior or thoughts.

Question 15

Respect, or unconditional positive regard, is the core of the therapeutic relationship.

Accepted Answer

Respect and unconditional positive regard are considered essential components of the therapeutic relationship, as they create a safe and supportive environment for clients to explore their thoughts and emotions. Without these qualities, clients may feel judged or misunderstood, which can hinder their progress in therapy.

Question 16

All counselor trainees are naturally empathic.

Accepted Answer

While empathy is an important trait for counselors, not all trainees are naturally empathic. It can be developed and cultivated through training and experience.

Question 17

Building a therapeutic relationship is a one-time event, which usually occurs by the first or second session.

Accepted Answer

Building a therapeutic relationship is an ongoing process that develops over time and requires consistent effort from both the therapist and the client. It is not a one-time event that occurs within the first few sessions.

Question 18

Without developing a relationship, the counselor has little influence with a client.

Accepted Answer

Developing a relationship with a client is crucial for counseling to be effective. Without a relationship, the client is unlikely to be open and receptive to the counselor's guidance and suggestions. Building trust and rapport is a foundational aspect of counseling.

Question 19

Paralinguistics is that portion of nonverbal communications that involves the use of the voice.

Accepted Answer

Paralinguistics involves vocal cues such as tone, pitch, inflection, volume, and more, making it a portion of nonverbal communication that involves the use of the voice.

Question 20

Physical appearance can be a sign of social adaptation or judgment, or level of self-care.

Accepted Answer

Physical appearance is often seen as a reflection of one's social adaptation or ability to fit in, their level of self-care and grooming, and even their judgment and decision-making skills. People may judge others based on their physical appearance and make assumptions about their personality, lifestyle, and behavior. Additionally, physical appearance can also have an impact on one's self-esteem and confidence, which can further affect their social interactions and relationships.

Quiz 9: Basic Attending Skills

You must learn _______________________ to let your clients know that you are tracking and understanding them-that you are completely paying attention.

In a counseling context, ___________________ is the manner in which people manage the information, ideas, and material they receive.

___________________________ is the concrete information exchanged between individuals. It is the overt ideas and material that people discuss in counseling.

______________ is any element that interferes with the communication process; the success of communication is determined by the degree to which it is overcome or controlled.

In order to be an effective counselor, you must:

Which of the following are cited in the text as ways to increase self-awareness?

When you see rigidity in your client's posture or the tightening of his or her fists, you are being observant of his or her:

__________________ occurs when the counselor experiences "positive or negative wishes, fantasies, and feelings that the counselor unconsciously directs or transfers to the client, stemming from his or her own unresolved conflicts."

Which of the following is not a specific type of countertransference identified in the text?

Egan describes the essential nonverbal behavior counselors can employ at the beginning of counseling using the acronym: